Cancer has become a significant global public health issue， severely impacting public health and societal development. Despite advances in tumor treatment methods in recent years and a gradual decline in cancer mortality rates， drug-related adverse reactions and drug resistance remain substantial challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in cancer treatment and small side effects， making it widely applied in the field of oncology. Xuefu Zhuyutang， derived from Yilin Gaicuo， is known for its abilities to invigorate blood circulation， dispel blood stasis， promote Qi flow， and alleviate pain. It was specifically formulated by the esteemed WANG Qingren of the Qing dynasty for the "blood stasis syndrome in the blood mansion" and is commonly used to treat Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Clinical studies have shown that Xuefu Zhuyutang， when combined with conventional Western medications， produces significant effects in the treatment of malignant tumors such as liver cancer， lung cancer， and cervical cancer. It substantially reduces the incidence of adverse reactions following Western treatments， including radiation esophagitis， radiation encephalopathy， radiation-induced oral mucositis， and edema. Additionally， it alleviates cancer-related pain and fever， blood hypercoagulability， and associated complications such as depression and anxiety， and also mitigates chemotherapy-induced side effects like hand-foot syndrome. Basic research has demonstrated its potential anti-tumor mechanisms， including the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation， suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway activation， and anti-tumor angiogenesis. Pharmacological studies have revealed that its active components inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration， induce tumor cell apoptosis， suppress tumor angiogenesis， enhance the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against tumors， improve the tumor microenvironment， and regulate immune function. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on Xuefu Zhuyutang in the treatment of malignant tumors from four aspects： theoretical exploration， clinical studies， mechanisms of action， and pharmacological basis， aiming to provide insights and methods for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Cancer has become a significant global public health issue， severely impacting public health and societal development. Despite advances in tumor treatment methods in recent years and a gradual decline in cancer mortality rates， drug-related adverse reactions and drug resistance remain substantial challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in cancer treatment and small side effects， making it widely applied in the field of oncology. Xuefu Zhuyutang， derived from Yilin Gaicuo， is known for its abilities to invigorate blood circulation， dispel blood stasis， promote Qi flow， and alleviate pain. It was specifically formulated by the esteemed WANG Qingren of the Qing dynasty for the "blood stasis syndrome in the blood mansion" and is commonly used to treat Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Clinical studies have shown that Xuefu Zhuyutang， when combined with conventional Western medications， produces significant effects in the treatment of malignant tumors such as liver cancer， lung cancer， and cervical cancer. It substantially reduces the incidence of adverse reactions following Western treatments， including radiation esophagitis， radiation encephalopathy， radiation-induced oral mucositis， and edema. Additionally， it alleviates cancer-related pain and fever， blood hypercoagulability， and associated complications such as depression and anxiety， and also mitigates chemotherapy-induced side effects like hand-foot syndrome. Basic research has demonstrated its potential anti-tumor mechanisms， including the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation， suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway activation， and anti-tumor angiogenesis. Pharmacological studies have revealed that its active components inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration， induce tumor cell apoptosis， suppress tumor angiogenesis， enhance the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against tumors， improve the tumor microenvironment， and regulate immune function. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on Xuefu Zhuyutang in the treatment of malignant tumors from four aspects： theoretical exploration， clinical studies， mechanisms of action， and pharmacological basis， aiming to provide insights and methods for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Background/Aims: Liver transplantation (LT) following total hepatectomy is a life-saving treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HCC recurrence after LT hinders the effectiveness of the procedure. The objective of this study is to develop a pre-operative risk stratification model based on a liquid biopsy. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics study of 260 HCC patients from three centers, including clinical data, low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma, as well as whole-exome, single-nucleus RNA, and spatial transcriptomics from matched tumor and non-tumor tissues. Results: We identified cfDNA-derived copy number alteration (CNA) signatures associated with post-transplant recurrence. By integrating cfDNA-derived CNA profiles with single-cell transcriptomic data, we traced recurrence-associated cfDNA to a distinct subpopulation of malignant cells within the primary tumor. These cells were embedded in a pro-metastatic microenvironment of specialized endothelial subtypes and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Notably, most recurrence-associated lesions were detectable in cfDNA prior to liver transplantation (LT). Building on these insights, we developed the ZJU Criteria based on CNA fragments and tumor markers, a pre-LT risk prediction tool that integrates conventional clinical factors with cfDNA-derived CNA signatures, and validated it using internal and independent external cohorts. Conclusion Our findings suggest that post-transplant recurrence commonly originates from advanced subclones that emerge late during tumor evolution. The ZJU Criteria provides an accurate, non-invasive strategy that significantly improves pre-LT risk stratification and clinical decision-making for patients with HCC.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)colony stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF1R)and CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer disease(AD),and to analyze whether CSF1R is associated with mild cognitive impairment patients'cognition.Methods Data from non-demented adults were collected from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database,and participants were divided into four groups(A-/TN-,A+/TN-,A+/TN+and A-/TN+),according to the NIA-AA criteria,and the dynamic changes of CSF1R in CSF at different pathological stages of AD were tracked.Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between CSF1R and AD biomarkers and cognition,and mediation models were used to investigate the potential association between CSF1R and AD pathology.Results A total of 451 non-demented adults were enrolled in this study,and we found that CSF CSF1R levels were increased in the A-/TN+group(P<0.05)and the A+/TN+group(P<0.05)compared with the A+/TN-group.CSF CSF1R levels were significantly and positively correlated with CSF tau protein(P<0.001)and phosphorylated tau protein(P<0.001)levels but not with amyloid β-protein(P=0.123),and similar results were obtained in the cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment groups.In the mild cognitive impairment group,higher CSF CSF1R levels were associated with lower cognitive(P<0.05)levels.Furthermore,the relationship between CSF1R and AD pathology was mediated in part by soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(sTREM2)(percentage:19.3%to 31.4%).Conclusions This study is the first study to discover the association of CSFIR with AD biomarkers and cognition,and CSF1R may influence AD pathology through soluble TREM2(sTREM2).

Objective To investigate the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)colony stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF1R)and CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer disease(AD),and to analyze whether CSF1R is associated with mild cognitive impairment patients'cognition.Methods Data from non-demented adults were collected from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database,and participants were divided into four groups(A-/TN-,A+/TN-,A+/TN+and A-/TN+),according to the NIA-AA criteria,and the dynamic changes of CSF1R in CSF at different pathological stages of AD were tracked.Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between CSF1R and AD biomarkers and cognition,and mediation models were used to investigate the potential association between CSF1R and AD pathology.Results A total of 451 non-demented adults were enrolled in this study,and we found that CSF CSF1R levels were increased in the A-/TN+group(P<0.05)and the A+/TN+group(P<0.05)compared with the A+/TN-group.CSF CSF1R levels were significantly and positively correlated with CSF tau protein(P<0.001)and phosphorylated tau protein(P<0.001)levels but not with amyloid β-protein(P=0.123),and similar results were obtained in the cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment groups.In the mild cognitive impairment group,higher CSF CSF1R levels were associated with lower cognitive(P<0.05)levels.Furthermore,the relationship between CSF1R and AD pathology was mediated in part by soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(sTREM2)(percentage:19.3%to 31.4%).Conclusions This study is the first study to discover the association of CSFIR with AD biomarkers and cognition,and CSF1R may influence AD pathology through soluble TREM2(sTREM2).

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear transporter 2 (ARNT2) in cervical cancer (CC) and explore the potential mechanism by which ARNT2 promotes the progression of CC through the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)/Akt signaling pathway. Methods: Bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the expression level of ARNT2 in cancer and its correlation with cancer prognosis. Western Blot and immunohistochemistry staining were used to detect the expression of ARNT2 protein in CC tissues and cells. ARNT2 was knocked down in SiHa and HeLa cells, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and colony formation assay were used to detect changes in cell proliferation. Transwell assay and plate scratch assay were used to detect changes in cell migration and invasion. Western Blot assay was used to detect changes in the expression of PP2A/Akt signaling pathway after ARNT2 expression was downregulated. Finally, a CC xenograft tumor model was constructed to evaluate the effect of ARNT2 on SiHa cell tumorigenesis in vivo. Results: ARNT2 is highly expressed in tumor tissues and cell lines. ARNT2 knockdown can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of SiHa and HeLa cells in vitro and in xenograft models. Further studies have shown that ARNT2 may promote tumor formation by regulating the PP2A/Akt pathway. Conclusion ARNT2 promotes the malignant biological behavior of CC cells through the PP2A/Akt signaling pathway, confirming its potential as a prognostic marker for CC.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of a combined model constructed by the radiomics features based on non-contrast CT (NCCT) combined with clinical risk factors in predicting the occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhagic transformation (sICH) after intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:In this cross-sectional study, clinical and imaging data of 316 patients with anterior circulation AIS who received intravenous thrombolysis with rt-PA at Nantong First People′s Hospital from October 2018 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were divided into a training set of 210 cases and a validation set of 106 cases by stratified random sampling at a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to select the independent clinical risk factors for predicting sICH. The infarct area was delineated on the NCCT images and radiomics features were extracted. The extracted radiomics features were dimensionally reduced and selected using the inter-and intra-group correlation coefficients, maximum correlation and minimum redundancy, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and then the radiomics score was calculated. Finally, multivariate logistic analysis was performed and the clinical risk factors and radiomics scores were used to establish the clinical model, the radiomics model and the radiomics-clinical combined model. The predictive efficacy of each model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to calculate and quantify the net benefits of each predictive model.Results:In total eight radiomics features were selected to construct the radiomics model. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that hypertension ( OR=2.703, 95% CI 1.153-6.334, P=0.022), atrial fibrillation ( OR=3.023, 95% CI 1.290-7.085, P=0.011), and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission ( OR=1.078, 95% CI 1.017-1.143, P=0.012) were independent risk factors for sICH after rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis in patients with anterior circulation AIS. In the validation set, the area under the curve of the combined model for predicting sICH was 0.763 (95% CI 0.618-0.909), which was higher than that of the clinical model 0.710 (95% CI 0.552-0.868) and the radiomics model 0.708 (95% CI 0.568-0.848). DCA showed that the combined model could allow patients to obtain higher net benefits. Conclusion:The combined model constructed based on the radiomics of NCCT and clinical risk factors has a high diagnostic efficacy in predicting sICH after rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis in patients with anterior circulation AIS.

Objective:To compare the effects of different test meals on postprandial triglycerides and to optimize the standard meal composition and the blood sampling protocol for the oral fat tolerance test.Methods:This study is a prospective, open-label, randomized, cross-over trial. In March 2023, 36 volunteers were recruited in Hebei General Hospital. They underwent a health examination and oral glucose tolerance test. Twenty-six healthy volunteers(11 males and 15 females) were included in this study, with an average age of(39.08±4.56) years. Each volunteer received 75 g protein meal, 75 g fat meal, 700 kcal fixed-calorie high-fat mixed meal, and a high-fat mixed meal with energy adjusted based on 10 kcal/kg body weight. A one-week washout period of regular diet was applied before each trial. Blood was collected at fasting status and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours after a meal to detect serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C), glucose, and insulin. The variations of postprandial metabolic indicators over time following the consumption of different test meals were analyzed. The disparities in postprandial metabolic responses between the two types of mixed meals were compared.Results:The protein meal, fat meal, fixed-calorie high-fat mixed meal, and adjusted-calorie high-fat mixed meal resulted in postprandial triglyceride increases of 22.45%, 115.40%, 77.14%, and 63.63%, and insulin increase of 560.43%, 85.69%, 554.18%, and 598.97%, respectively, and with reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C ranging from 5.64%-21.81%, respectively. The blood glucose changed slightly. Changes in metabolic indicators mainly occured within 4 hours. The comparison of the characteristics of postprandial triglycerides between the two high-fat mixed meals showed no statistically significant differences( P>0.05). Conclusion:A standardize protocol with a 700 kcal fixed-calorie high-fat mixed meal as test meal, and blood lipid levels measured at fasting and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after consumption, can serve as an optimized approach for oral fat tolerance test.

This article explores the interaction between aspirin and safflower yellow injection from the perspective of pharmacokinetics, combined with pharmacological indicators such as anticoagulation. Quantitative HPLC analysis was performed for the detection of salicylic acid in plasma samples, and the pharmacokinetic effects of aspirin in combination with safflower yellow injection on aspirin’s hydrolyzed product salicylic acid was evaluated. Thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto prostaglandin F1 in plasma were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fully automated biochemical analyzer α (6-keto-PGF1) α）, and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Scr) were tested to evaluate the anticoagulant effect and safety indicators after long-term combined use of the two drugs, including liver and kidney function and cardiac pathological examination. The results showed that, compared with the aspirin group, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of rats with combined use of safflower yellow injection. In addition, the plasma TXB2 in the combination group was significantly reduced compared to the aspirin group (P<0.01), yet with no significant difference for 6-keto-PGF1 α (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of serum BUN, Scr, AST, and ALT between the two groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). These results suggest that the combination of aspirin and safflower yellow injection does not cause significant change in the blood concentration of salicylic acid. It does not affect the antiplatelet effect of aspirin.