Cancer has become a significant global public health issue， severely impacting public health and societal development. Despite advances in tumor treatment methods in recent years and a gradual decline in cancer mortality rates， drug-related adverse reactions and drug resistance remain substantial challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in cancer treatment and small side effects， making it widely applied in the field of oncology. Xuefu Zhuyutang， derived from Yilin Gaicuo， is known for its abilities to invigorate blood circulation， dispel blood stasis， promote Qi flow， and alleviate pain. It was specifically formulated by the esteemed WANG Qingren of the Qing dynasty for the "blood stasis syndrome in the blood mansion" and is commonly used to treat Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Clinical studies have shown that Xuefu Zhuyutang， when combined with conventional Western medications， produces significant effects in the treatment of malignant tumors such as liver cancer， lung cancer， and cervical cancer. It substantially reduces the incidence of adverse reactions following Western treatments， including radiation esophagitis， radiation encephalopathy， radiation-induced oral mucositis， and edema. Additionally， it alleviates cancer-related pain and fever， blood hypercoagulability， and associated complications such as depression and anxiety， and also mitigates chemotherapy-induced side effects like hand-foot syndrome. Basic research has demonstrated its potential anti-tumor mechanisms， including the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation， suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway activation， and anti-tumor angiogenesis. Pharmacological studies have revealed that its active components inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration， induce tumor cell apoptosis， suppress tumor angiogenesis， enhance the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against tumors， improve the tumor microenvironment， and regulate immune function. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on Xuefu Zhuyutang in the treatment of malignant tumors from four aspects： theoretical exploration， clinical studies， mechanisms of action， and pharmacological basis， aiming to provide insights and methods for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Cancer has become a significant global public health issue， severely impacting public health and societal development. Despite advances in tumor treatment methods in recent years and a gradual decline in cancer mortality rates， drug-related adverse reactions and drug resistance remain substantial challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in cancer treatment and small side effects， making it widely applied in the field of oncology. Xuefu Zhuyutang， derived from Yilin Gaicuo， is known for its abilities to invigorate blood circulation， dispel blood stasis， promote Qi flow， and alleviate pain. It was specifically formulated by the esteemed WANG Qingren of the Qing dynasty for the "blood stasis syndrome in the blood mansion" and is commonly used to treat Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Clinical studies have shown that Xuefu Zhuyutang， when combined with conventional Western medications， produces significant effects in the treatment of malignant tumors such as liver cancer， lung cancer， and cervical cancer. It substantially reduces the incidence of adverse reactions following Western treatments， including radiation esophagitis， radiation encephalopathy， radiation-induced oral mucositis， and edema. Additionally， it alleviates cancer-related pain and fever， blood hypercoagulability， and associated complications such as depression and anxiety， and also mitigates chemotherapy-induced side effects like hand-foot syndrome. Basic research has demonstrated its potential anti-tumor mechanisms， including the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation， suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway activation， and anti-tumor angiogenesis. Pharmacological studies have revealed that its active components inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration， induce tumor cell apoptosis， suppress tumor angiogenesis， enhance the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against tumors， improve the tumor microenvironment， and regulate immune function. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on Xuefu Zhuyutang in the treatment of malignant tumors from four aspects： theoretical exploration， clinical studies， mechanisms of action， and pharmacological basis， aiming to provide insights and methods for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） and its progressive form metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis （MASH） have become the leading causes of chronic liver diseases worldwide， and the incidence rate of MAFLD continues to rise， which is closely associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The core pathogenesis of MAFLD involves insulin resistance， abnormal lipid metabolism， and chronic inflammation， which can progress to MASH and lead to liver fibrosis， liver cirrhosis， and even hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. At present， there are still limited effective pharmacotherapies for MAFLD. Based on the PRISMA guidelines， this article systematically reviews the role of statins in MAFLD. Studies have shown that statins not only improve blood lipid profiles and the levels of liver enzyme， but also bring good benefits to patients comorbid with cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes， and long-term use can also reduce the risk of HCC. However， the potential risks of hepatotoxicity and myopathy should be taken seriously， which， therefore， requires individualized medication and regular monitoring of liver function in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE To establish the UPLC fingerprint and the method for multi-component content determination in Jingangteng capsules， and to evaluate its quality by combining chemical pattern recognition analysis. METHODS An UPLC method was established. Separation was performed on a Zorbax SB-C 18 Rapid Resolution HD column， with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase for gradient elution.Using the Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicines （2012 edition）， UPLC fi ngerprints were established for 10 batches of Jingangteng capsules， and similarity was evaluated. SPSS 22.0 and SIMCA 14.1 software were used to perform hierarchial-cluster analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， respectively. The same UPLC method was employed to determine the contents of chlorogenic acid， 3，5-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid-3- O -glucoside （M1）， caffeic acid， astilbin， oxyresveratrol， quercitrin and resveratrol in the 10 batches of samples. RESULTS A total of 17 common peaks were identified in UPLC fingerprints of the 10 batches of samples， of which 7 were identified as chlorogenic acid， M1， caffeic acid， astilbin， oxyresveratrol， quercitrin， and resveratrol. The similarities of 10 batches of samples ranged from 0.820 to 0.985. The results of hierarchial-cluster analysis showed that 10 batches of samples were grouped into four categories： S1-S4 formed one group， S5 and S6 formed another， S7， S8 and S10 formed a third， and S9 formed a fourth， consistent with the OPLS-DA results； the variable importance projection values for peaks 7， 10， 2， 16 （resveratrol）， 13 （oxyresveratrol）， 11， 6 （caffeic acid）， 5 （M1） and 15 （quercitrin） were ＞1. Quantitative analysis results showed that the contents of chlorogenic acid， M1， caffeic acid， astilbin， oxyresveratrol， quercitrin， and resveratrol were 1.650 8-4.213 7， 0.636 2-2.161 7， 0.031 0-0.086 5， 0.239 1-1.069 3， 0.211 9-1.104 0， 0.488 8-2.399 2， and 0.164 0-0.699 8 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS UPLC fingerprint and content determination methods established in this study are simple to operate， accurate， reliable and reproducible； when combined with chemical pattern recognition analysis， they can be used to evaluate the quality of Jingangteng capsules. Nine components， such as resveratrol， oxyresveratrol， caffeic acid， M1 and quercitrin， may serve as markers of quality variation.

Objective: To define the mechanism by which swine TRIM25 restricts vesicular stomatitis virus replication. Methods: Porcine 3D4/21 cells with TRIM25 overexpression or knockdown were infected with vesicular stomatitis virus. Viral replication was quantified by immunoblotting, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and 50% tissue culture infectious dose assays. Type I interferon signaling was assessed by transcript quantification, interferon-beta and interferon-stimulated response element reporter assays, and co-immunoprecipitation.Viral RNA binding was tested by RNA immunoprecipitation. Results: TRIM25 overexpression reduced viral RNA and infectious titers, whereas TRIM25 knockdown increased replication (p < 0.01). TRIM25 increased interferon-beta and interferon-stimulated gene expression and enhanced interferon-beta and interferonstimulated response element promoter activity (p < 0.01). Mechanistically, TRIM25 promoted Lys63-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I and increased phosphorylation of TANK-binding kinase 1 and interferon regulatory factor 3. TRIM25 also bound vesicular stomatitis virus genomic RNA, and binding required the C-terminal region. Conclusions and Relevance: Porcine TRIM25 restricts vesicular stomatitis virus replication by amplifying type I interferon signaling and directly binding viral RNA.

Radiation-induced lung injury is a prevalent side effect of radiotherapy for chest cancer. The "three phases and three methods "is an innovative theory based on the evolution of the core pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung injury. Its formation also considers the understanding of radiation-induced lung injury by ancient and modern medical practitioners, pathological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and the development patterns of radiation-induced lung injury. The "three phases and three methods" refers to the three phases of the course and the three treatment methods. The core pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung injury from the beginning, middle and late stages is heat toxicity, yin deficiency, and blood stasis. Therefore, the course of radiation-induced lung injury is divided into three phases: blazing heat toxin, yin deficiency and heat accumulation, and static blood obstruction. The method of clearing the lung and resolving toxins, enriching yin and venting heat, invigorating blood and dissolving stasis are used respectively. Traditional Chinese medicines commonly used in each phase include Flos Lonicerae, Atrina Glass, heartleaf houttuynia herb, Radix Ophiopogonis, American Ginseng, Forsythiae Fructus, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Ligustici chuanxiong, Scorpio, etc. This article presents the theoretical origins of the "three phases and three methods" concept by reviewing of ancient literature, inheriting experience, and summarizing disease pathogenesis, as well as elaborating on the academic connotations of the "three phases and three methods". The scientific validity of the "three phases and three methods" is verified by literature, clinical, and basic research. The "three phases and three methods" interprets the core characteristics of each stage of radiation-induced lung injury, improves the traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment system for radiation-induced lung injury, and provides theoretical basis for achieving complete process management.

Objective: To explore the correlation and lag effects of environmental factors on pediatric respiratory disease visits at hospital, so as to provide scientific basis for disease prediction and optimizing clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Data from 503 889 pediatric respiratory disease outpatient and emergency visits a central hospital in Minhang District of Shanghai between 2017 and 2019, along with concurrent meteorological data were collected. A distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) was constructed to explore the specific relationship between pediatric respiratory disease consultations and various environmental factors and to quantify the cumulative lag effects of environmental factors on respiratory disease consultations. Results: Among the environmental factors, temperature, fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), inhalable particulate matter (PM 10 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), and sulfur dioxide (SO 2) were associated with pediatric respiratory disease visits. After adjusting for temperature, PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations did not show significant immediate or lag effects. The relative risk (RR) of pediatric respiratory disease visits increased with rising NO 2 concentrations. When NO 2 concentration ≥55 μg/m 3, significant immediate and lagged effects (lag 3, 5, and 7 days) were observed. The RR values were 1.05, 1.13, 1.17, and 1.21( P <0.05). The RR values showed an inverted “U” shaped relationship with SO 2 concentrations. When SO 2 concentration ≥5 μg/m 3, significant lagged effects (lag 3, 5, and 7 days) were observed. The RR values were 1.03 , 1.03, and 1.04 ( P <0.05). Conclusion High concentrations of NO 2 and SO 2 increase the risk of pediatric respiratory disease visits, with observable lag effects.

Objective To investigate the effects of goal-directed fluid therapy(GDFT)based on pulse pressure variation(PPV)on postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing Da Vinci robot-assisted radical resection of gynecological malignancies.Methods A total of 60 patients who underwent robot-assisted radical resection of gynecological malignancies were randomly divided into control group and observation group using a random number table method,with 30 patients in each group.The control group received conventional fluid replacement regimen,while the observation group received GDFT regimen based on PPV.The surgical conditions,hemodynamic indices[heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),PPV],cerebral oxygen saturation(rSO2),gastrointesti-nal function,renal function,cognitive function[Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)score],and postoperative conditions of the two groups were compared.Results The amount of crystalloid fluid and urine output in the observation group were less than those in the control group,while the amount of colloid fluid was more than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Five minutes after anesthesia induction,the levels of MAP,HR and rSO2 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Five minutes after anesthesia induction,1 hour after the Trendelenburg position,and imme-diately after the end of surgery,the PPV levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).After surgery,the levels of lactic acid and urea nitrogen in both groupswere higher than those before surgery,but those in the observa-tion group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).After surgery,the creatinine levels in both groups were lower than those before surgery,but those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically signifi-cant differences(P＜0.05).The time to first flatus in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).On days 3,7 and 30 after surgery,the MMSE scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The drainage tube indwelling time and hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion GDFT based on PPV can stabilize the hemodynamic status and rSO2 in patients undergoing Da Vinci robot-assisted radical resection of gynecological malignancies and reduce postoperative cognitive impairment.

Acute lung injury(ALI)is a disease that seriously threatens the lives and health of people globally.Its primary pathological features include damage to alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary capillary endothelial cells,leading to diffuse interstitial pulmonary edema and alveolar edema,often accompanied by acute hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency.Endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of ALI.It exacerbates ALI through multiple pathways.In terms of apoptosis,key proteins such as glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78),C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP),and caspase-12 promote the apoptosis of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells,thus aggravating lung tissue damage.In terms of reactive oxygen species(ROS)metabolism,ERS induces massive ROS release with involvement of NADPH oxidase.ROS directly impair pulmonary endothelial cells,leading to fluid leakage and worsening lung injury.In terms of the inflammatory response,ERS activates neutrophils.The interaction between complement-derived C5a and C5aR on neutrophils induces ERS,thereby amplifying lung inflammation.In terms of the ferroptosis pathway,ERS exacerbates the ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells,mediated by interactions between Mfn-2 and IRE1-α.Therefore,targeted interventions against ERS,such as the use of chemical chaperones or specific signaling pathway inhibitors,may provide new directions for the treatment of ALI and improve the prognosis of the patients and their quality of life.This paper comprehensively investigates the association between ERS and ALI to elucidate the underlying pathogenesis,providing useful support for better prevention and clinical management of ALI.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of the Liuzijue combined with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine on patients in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and its effects on inflammatory factors.Methods A total of 96 patients with COPD in the stable phase presenting with lung and spleen Qi deficiency syndrome were enrolled from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from July 2021 to December 2023.The patients were randomly divided into two groups with equal numbers.Control group received conventional Western medical treatment,while treatment group was administered the Liuzijue exercise combined with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine in addition to conventional Western medical treatment.The intervention lasted for 8 weeks.Changes in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores,body mass index,air flow obstruction,dyspnea and exercise capacity(BODE)index,as well as serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),interleukin(IL)-35,and IL-17 were observed before and after treatment in both groups.Results Compared with pre-treatment levels,both groups exhibited significant reductions in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores,BODE index,MCP-1,and IL-17 levels,along with a significant increase in IL-35 levels(P＜0.05).Post-treatment,treatment group demonstrated significantly lower BODE index,traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores,MCP-1,and IL-17 levels,as well as higher IL-35 levels compared to control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined application of Liuzijue with traditional Chinese medicine external therapy was shown to improve BODE index and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores in patients with stable COPD,while effectively reducing pro-inflammatory factors MCP-1 and IL-17 and elevating anti-inflammatory factor IL-35 levels.