OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of acupuncture on symptom burden in patients with gastric cancer during adjuvant chemotherapy after gastrectomy. METHODS: A total of 58 patients were randomized into a high-dose acupuncture group (19 cases, 5 cases dropped off), a low-dose acupuncture group (20 cases, 6 cases dropped off) and a control group (19 cases, 2 cases dropped off). Conventional chemotherapy and antiemetic treatment were adopted in the control group. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, acupuncture was applied 7 times each chemotherapy cycle for totally 21 times in the high-dose acupuncture group, and 3 times each chemotherapy cycle for totally 9 times in the low-dose acupuncture group. Baihui (GV 20), Zusanli (ST 36), Neiguan (PC 6), etc. were selected in the two acupuncture groups, as well as back-shu points selected by the meridian heat sensing technique. Electroacupuncture was connected to ipsilateral Zusanli (ST 36) and Neiguan (PC 6), with continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency for 20 min. The Edmonton symptom assessment system (ESAS) score was observed on day 1-7, 14, and 21 of each cycle of chemotherapy respectively in the 3 groups. RESULTS: The symptom burden was worst within 7 days of each cycle of chemotherapy in the 3 groups. After the 3rd chemotherapy cycle, the total score of ESAS in the low-dose acupuncture group was lower than the control group (P<0.05), the total score and the scores of feeling of non-well being, pain and shortness of breath of ESAS in the acupuncture group (the high-dose acupuncture group combined with the low-dose acupuncture group) were lower than the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture shows promising effect in controlling symptom burden during adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy.
Humans ; Acupuncture Points ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Gastrectomy/adverse effects* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant

The intestinal mucus layer is the first line of innate host defense and provides energy for the growth of the intestinal flora. In addition, it plays an important role in regulating intestinal microecology and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. This paper reviews the synthesis, secretion, processing, and modification of intestinal mucus, and focuses on the effect of intestinal mucus barrier on intestinal injury repair and the regulation of intestinal mucus barrier by special nutrients after burn injury.
Burns ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Intestines ; Mucus

The complexity of oral ulcerations poses considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to oral specialists. The expert consensus was conducted to summarize the diagnostic work-up for difficult and complicated oral ulcers, based on factors such as detailed clinical medical history inquiry, histopathological examination, and ulceration-related systemic diseases screening. Not only it can provide a standardized procedure of oral ulceration, but also it can improve the diagnostic efficiency, in order to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
Consensus ; Humans ; Oral Ulcer/therapy*

Our previous study demonstrated that phosphodiesterase 8 (PDE8) could work as a potential target for vascular dementia (VaD) using a chemical probe 3a. However, compound 3a is a chiral compound which was obtained by chiral resolution on HPLC, restricting its usage in clinic. Herein, a series of non-chiral 9-benzyl-2-chloro-adenine derivatives were discovered as novel PDE8 inhibitors. Lead 15 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against PDE8A (IC₅₀ = 11 nmol/L), high selectivity over other PDEs, and remarkable drug-like properties (worthy to mention is that its bioavailability was up to 100%). Oral administration of 15 significantly improved the cAMP level of the right brain and exhibited dose-dependent effects on cognitive improvement in a VaD mouse model. Notably, the X-ray crystal structure of the PDE8A-15 complex showed that the potent affinity and high selectivity of 15 might come from the distinctive interactions with H-pocket including T-shaped π-π interactions with Phe785 as well as a unique H-bond network, which have never been observed in other PDE-inhibitor complex before, providing new strategies for the further rational design of novel selective inhibitors against PDE8.

On February 2022, WHO released the evidence-based guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis, with aims to guide the elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem in disease-endemic countries by 2030 and promote the interruption of schistosomiasis transmission across the world. Based on the One Health concept, six evidence-based recommendations were proposed in this guideline. This article aims to analyze the feasibility of key aspects of this guideline in Chinese national schistosomiasis control program and illustrate the significance to guide the future actions for Chinese national schistosomiasis control program. Currently, the One Health concept has been embodied in the Chinese national schistosomiasis control program. Based on this new WHO guideline, the following recommendations are proposed for the national schistosomiasis control program of China: (1) improving the systematic framework building, facilitating the agreement of the cross-sectoral consensus, and building a high-level leadership group; (2) optimizing the current human and livestock treatments in the national schistosomiasis control program of China; (3) developing highly sensitive and specific diagnostics and the framework for verifying elimination of schistosomiasis; (4) accelerating the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis and other parasitic diseases through integrating the national control programs for other parasitic diseases.
China/epidemiology* ; Disease Eradication ; Humans ; Public Health ; Schistosomiasis/prevention & control* ; World Health Organization

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that seriously hinders socioeconomic developments and threatens public health security. To achieve the global elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem by 2030, WHO released the guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis on February, 2022, with aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for schistosomiasis morbidity control, elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem, and ultimate interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in disease-endemic countries. Following concerted efforts for decades, great achievements have been obtained for schistosomiasis control in China where the disease was historically highly prevalent, and the country is moving towards schistosomiasis elimination. This article reviews the successful experiences from the national schistosmiasis control program in China, and summarizes their contributions to the formulation and implementation of the WHO guideline on control and elimination of human schistosomiasis. With the progress of the "Belt and Road" initiative, the world is looking forward to more China's solutions on schistosomiasis control.
China/epidemiology* ; Disease Eradication ; Humans ; Public Health ; Schistosomiasis/prevention & control* ; World Health Organization

Objective: Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) was a very hot topic in the first few years since its appearance, but now more introspections and controversies on this procedure have emerged. One of the reasons why the Norwegian Ministry of Health stopped taTME was the high incidence of postoperative anastomotic leak. In current study, the incidence and risk factors of anastomotic leak after taTME were analyzed based on the data registered in the Chinese taTME Registry Collaborative (CTRC). Methods: A case-control study was carried out. Between November 15, 2017 and December 31, 2020, clinical data of 1668 patients undergoing taTME procedure registered in the CTRC database from 43 domestic centers were collected retrospectively. After excluding 98 cases without anastomosis and 109 cases without complete postoperative complication data, 1461 patients were finally enrolled for analysis. There were 1036 males (70.9%) and 425 females (29.1%) with mean age of (58.2±15.6) years and mean body mass index of (23.6±3.8) kg/m(2). Anastomotic leak was diagnosed and classified according to the International Study Group of Rectal Cancer (ISREC) criteria. The risk factors associated with postoperative anastomotic leak cases were analyzed. The impact of the cumulative number of taTME surgeries in a single center on the incidence of anastomotic leak was evaluated. As for those centers with the number of taTME surgery ≥ 40 cases, incidence of anastomic leak between 20 cases of taTME surgery in the early and later phases was compared. Results: Of 1461 patients undergoing taTME, 103(7.0%) developed anastomotic leak, including 71 (68.9%) males and 32 (31.1%) females with mean age of (59.0±13.9) years and mean body mass index of (24.5±5.7) kg/m(2). The mean distance between anastomosis site and anal verge was (2.6±1.4) cm. Thirty-nine cases (37.9%) were classified as ISREC grade A, 30 cases (29.1%) as grade B and 34 cases (33.0%) as grade C. Anastomotic leak occurred in 89 cases (7.0%,89/1263) in the laparoscopic taTME group and 14 cases (7.1%, 14/198) in the pure taTME group. Multivariate analysis showed that hand-sewn anastomosis (P=0.004) and the absence of defunctioning stoma (P=0.013) were independently associated with anastomotic leak after taTME. In the 16 centers (37.2%) which performed ≥ 30 taTME surgeries with cumulative number of 1317 taTME surgeries, 86 cases developed anastomotic leak (6.5%, 86/1317). And in the 27 centers which performed less than 30 taTME surgeries with cumulative number of 144 taTME surgeries, 17 cases developed anastomotic leak (11.8%, 17/144). There was significant difference between two kinds of center (χ(2)=5.513, P=0.019). Thirteen centers performed ≥ 40 taTME surgeries. In the early phase (the first 20 cases in each center), 29 cases (11.2%, 29/260) developed anastomotic leak, and in the later phase, 12 cases (4.6%, 12/260) developed anastomotic leak. The difference between the early phase and the later phase was statistically significant (χ(2)=7.652, P=0.006). Conclusion: The incidence of anastomotic leak after taTME may be reduced by using stapler and defunctioning stoma, or by accumulating experience.
Adult ; Aged ; Anastomotic Leak/etiology* ; Case-Control Studies ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology* ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Rectum/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo explore the functional mechanism of lncRNA DANCR in tumor cells， a MS2-RIP method was designed and conducted to identify the molecules that interact with DANCR. MethodsThe specific binding of MS2 bacteriophage capsid protein and MS2 binding site （MS2 BS）， a 19-base RNA stem-loop structure located at the 5′ terminus of the MS2 bacteriophage replicase gene， was applied to construct a plasmid for tandemly overexpressing DANCR and MS2 BS. DANCR was enriched and its associated molecules were further identified and analyzed. ResultsThe plasmid for tandemly overexpressing DANCR and MS2 BS was successfully constructed for the MS2-RIP experiment， which could significantly enrich DANCR and DANCR-binding protein EZH2 as a positive control. ConclusionBased on the high affinity binding between MS2 protein and MS2 BS， the MS2-RIP method was established for lncRNA DANCR， which could effectively capture DANCR as well as its associated molecules， providing a new technology for studying the functional mechanism of DANCR.

【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of myopia in children from kindergarten to high school in Wuzhishan city, Hainan province, and to investigate the associated factors. 【Methods】 Cross-sectional study. A total of 17 948 children from 24 educational agencies(including 8 kindergartens and 16 primary and middle schools ) were included in the study using cluster sampling method. Totally 15 307 children were actually surveyed, with a response rate of 85.29%. All participants underwent ophthalmic evaluation including visual acuity, slit lamp examination and refraction without cycloplegia using auto refractor. Chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of myopia between different grades, regions and between gender. 【Results】 The prevalence of myopia in kindergarten, grade1-3 in primary school, grade 4-6 in primary school, junior high school and high school was: 1.8%, 9.6%, 17.7%, 28.5%, 57.1% respectively, which showed an obvious increasing tendency(χ² = 1 707.74, P < 0.001). There was no statistical significant differences in myopic prevalence between Han, Li and Miao ethnic groups in kindergarten(χ² = 2.221, P = 0.426) and high school (χ² = 1.197, P = 0.550), but there was a differences in myopic prevalence between the three ethnic groups from grade 1-3 of primary school to junior high school(χ² = 28.908, 6.502, 19.684, P = 0.000, 0.039, 0.000). The prevalence of myopia among girls was higher than that of boys(χ² = 214.19, P < 0.001), and the chance of short-sightedness in girls was 2.71 times than that of boys(OR = 2.71, P < 0.001) . 【Conclusions】 The overall myopic prevalence of children in Wuzhishan City was 18.4%, and the prevalence of myopia increased with age. No significant difference of myopic prevalence was found among Han, Li and Miao ethnics in kindergarten and high school, and the myopic prevalence among girls was significantly higher than that of boys.

【Objective】 To explore the effects and the possible mechanism of RNA targeting membrane-bound prostaglandin E2 synthase l（mPGES- 1）on proliferation，apoptosis and drug resistance of leukemia cell line K562/A.【Methods】RNA interference was used to inhibit the expression of mPGES-1 of K562/A cells. Four groups were set up as follows：untreated group（K562/A），negative control group after interference（K562/A-NC），group after interference（K562/ A-KD），and group after interference with exogenous PGE2（K562/A-KD+PGE2）.Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Concentration of PGE2 was detected by ELISA. Proteins expression was detected by western blot.【Results】The expression of mPGES- 1 in K562/A cells was significantly down- regulated and the synthesis of PGE2 decreased（P < 0.000 1）after RNA interference. After RNA interference，the proliferation of K562/A cells was inhibited and apoptosis increased，and the sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs was enhanced（P < 0.05）. Meanwhile，the expression of β-catenin and MDR1 was decreased（P < 0.01）. Exogenous PGE2 could reverse the effect of RNA interference on proliferation ，apoptosis and drug sensitivity in K562/A cells（P < 0.05），and up-regulate the expression of β-catenin and MDR1（P < 0.01）. XAV939，an inhibitor of β-catenin，could down-regulate the expression of β- catenin and MDR1 in an dose- dependent pattern in K562/A cells（P < 0.05）.【Conclusions】RNA interference of mPGES- 1 could inhibit proliferation，induce apoptosis and reverse drug resistance in K562/A cells. The mechanism was related to reducing the synthesis of PGE2 and thus down- regulating the expression of β- catenin and MDR1. Wnt/β- catenin signal pathway may participate in the regulation of MDR1 by mPGES-1/PGE2.