Indobufen is a new generation of antiplatelet agents and has been shown to have antithrombotic effects in animal models. However, its therapeutic potential and mechanisms against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo neuroprotective effects of indobufen through both pretreatment and posttreatment regimens in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). In vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) were employed to investigate the relationship between indobufen and the pyroptosis-associated NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. The pharmacodynamic tests revealed that indobufen ameliorated I/R injury by decreasing the level of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), infarct size, brain edema and neurological impairment in rats and rescuing cell pyroptosis in HUVECs. The underlying mechanisms were probably related to pyroptosis suppression by regulating the NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. Overall, these studies indicate that indobufen exerts protective and therapeutic effects against I/R injury by pyroptosis suppression via downregulating NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Ningxin Shugan decoction combined with an antagonist fixation regimen on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer （IVF-ET） outcomes and serum kisspeptin expression in infertility patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. MethodsA total of 96 infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome treated in Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital and Yancheng Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine were enrolled in this study and randomized into control and observation groups （n=48）. The control group was treated with an antagonist fixation regimen， and the observation group was treated with Ningxin Shugan decoction on the basis of the treatment in the control group. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. The total score and single scores of TCM symptoms， ovulation promotion status， and serum levels of reproductive hormones， miR-335-5p， miR-141-3p， and kisspeptin were determined before and after treatment. The IVF-ET outcome indicators and treatment safety were evaluated. Pearson test was conducted to analyze the correlations of serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， kisspeptin， miR-335-5p， and miR-141-3p with IVF-ET outcomes. ResultsThe total response rate in the observation group was 90.91%， which was higher than that （70.45%） in the control group （P<0.05）. The total score and single scores of TCM symptoms and the testosterone， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and LH/FSH levels declined after treatment （P<0.05）， and they were lower in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the serum levels of FSH， kisspeptin， miR-335-5p， and miR-141-3p rose in both groups， being higher in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.05）. The observation group showed higher ovulation number， number of MⅡ oocytes， embryo implantation rate， clinical pregnancy rate， and live birth rate than the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Serum levels of FSH， kisspeptin， miR-335-5p， and miR-141-3p were positively correlated with embryo implantation rate， clinical pregnancy rate， and live birth rate （P<0.01）. ConclusionNingxin Shugan decoction combined with the antagonist fixation regimen can improve the IVF-ET outcome， promote the serum kisspeptin expression， and increase the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in infertility patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

ObjectiveTo investigate the quality markers of Xiaoqinglong granules（XQLG） for treating bronchial asthma using the analytic hierarchy process（AHP）-entropy weight method（EWM）， network pharmacology and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） content determination. MethodsEffectiveness， testability and peculiarity component data of XQLG in treating bronchial asthma were constructed through database retrieval， literature review， and network pharmacology. Subsequently， AHP-EWM was used to quantitatively identify and weight the control layer and element layer， the relevant compounds were selected as candidate quality markers based on comprehensive scores. Further comparison of reference substances and establishment of HPLC content determination method were used to determine the potential quality markers of XQLG， which were verified by molecular docking with disease targets. ResultsA total of 13 components， including glycyrrhizic acid， paeoniflorin， schisandrol A， isoliquiritigenin， 6-gingerol， ephedrine， liquiritin， albiflorin， liquiritigenin， 6-shogaol， pseudoephedrine， cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde， were identified as potential quality markers of XQLG by AHP-EWM. Quantitative analysis indicated that all aforementioned quality markers could be detected in 13 batches of XQLG， indicating that it had stable testability as a quality marker. Among these 13 batches of samples， ephedrine and paeoniflorin exhibited good consistency in content， while pseudoephedrine and cinnamaldehyde showed poor consistency. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the 13 compounds exhibited binding energies with the core targets -2.11 kcal·mol^-1， indicating that the 13 compounds could spontaneously bind to the disease targets， which may be the material basis for the treatment of bronchial asthma with XQLG. ConclusionIn this study， 13 compounds were screened by AHP-EWM combined with network pharmacology and HPLC as quality markers for the treatment of bronchial asthma by XQLG， laying the foundation for enhancing the quality standards of this preparation.

Objective To investigate the current situation of the ventilator use and management in secondary and tertiary medical institutions in Sichuan Province to provide references for management and training of ventilator users.Methods A questionnaire survey involving in 235 nurses from 13 secondary and tertiary medical institutions in Sichuan Province was conducted in terms of general information of the respondents,pipeline connection and parameter setup of ventilators,cleaning,sterilization and maintenance of ventilators,identification and treatment of ventilator alarms and hospital-acquired infection prevention and control.Results The results showed 20.4％of the respondents were nurses from critical care departments,and 79.6％of the respondents underwent the training for using the ventilator in their department;91.9％of the respondents could conduct ventilator self-testing by connecting the simulated lungs after the ventilator was switched on;66.4％of the respondents indicated that the initial parameters of the ventilator were set by the doctor;60.9％of the respondents proved that the performance monitoring and routine maintenance of the ventilator were carried out by the nurse;63.4％of the respondents showed disposable lines were commonly used in the departments.There were 89.8％of the respondents said the daily sterilization and management of the ventilator were performed by the nurse;46.0％of the respondents expressed the external surface of the ventilator was disinfected mainly with gamma disinfectant wipes;44.7％of the respondents indicated the external surface of the ventilator was sterilized every day;48.5％of the respondents said the internal airway of the ventilator was disinfected;57.0％of the respondents proved the disinfection was conducted after the expiratory flow sensors were used by any patient.There were 74.5％of the respondents that had paid attention to the ventilator waveform,and by the ventilator waveform only 21.3％were correct in determining whether there was secretion or fluid in the circuit and 22.1％in clarifying whether there was air leakage in the circuit.There were 59.1％of the respondents indicated that the closed suction tube was replaced once every 24 h;71.1％of the respondents could perform airbag pressure monitoring by the special pressure gauge.Conclusion Most of the nurses from secondary and tertiary medical institutions in Sichuan Province can use ventilators correctly,who have problems in disinfection specifications,infection prevention and control or recognition of ventilation waveform.It's suggested the training be strengthened to enhance the clinical nursing staffs in ventilator management.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):75-80]

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To explore the safety of establishing the veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(VA-ECMO)pipeline through percutaneous puncture and the effectiveness of high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention(HR-PCI)under VA-ECMO assistance.Methods In this single-center retrospective study,patients who underwent HR-PCI assisted by VA-ECMO at Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023 were included.The primary endpoint was the safety of establishing the VA-ECMO pipeline through percutaneous puncture,mainly characterized by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)-related complications,including severe bleeding/hematoma at the wound,arteriovenous fistula,pseudoaneurysm,peripheral arterial dissection,etc.The secondary endpoint was the effectiveness of HR-PCI under VA-ECMO assistance,defined as major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE)at 6-month follow-up,including the composite events of all-cause death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,repeat revascularization,and ischemic stroke.Results Among the 189 patients included in the study,15(7.9％)had severe bleeding/hematoma at the puncture wound caused by VA-ECMO,8(4.2％)had wound infection,1(0.5％)had arteriovenous fistula,4(2.1％)had pseudoaneurysm,3(1.6％)had peripheral arterial dissection,8(4.2％)had systemic embolism,8(4.2％)had acute kidney injury,3(1.6％)had acute neurological injury,and 1(0.5％)died.percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)was successful in 182 cases(96.3％),and a total of 36 cases(19.0％)had PCI-related complications.164 patients completed 6-month follow-up,among which 4(2.4％)had all-cause death,11(6.7％)had non-fatal myocardial infarction,11(6.7％)had unplanned repeat revascularization,and 2(1.2％)had the composite event of ischemic stroke.Conclusions Ultrasound-guided percutaneous puncture for establishing the VA-ECMO pipeline has high safety,and HR-PCI patients assisted by VA-ECMO have good short-term effects.

Sarin(GB)is a typical representative of nerve agents with high toxicity,and very low amount can cause death.GB can cause water and atmospheric environment poisoning,so the detection of GB in water and air is of great significance.In this work,a colorimetric sensor array(CSA)based on GB inhibition of cholinesterase activity was constructed to detect GB with high selectivity.A 4×4 colorimetric array was constructed using acetylcholinesterase(AChE),butyryl cholinesterase(BuChE)and the corresponding substrate acetylthiocholine iodide(S-ACh),butyryl thiocholine iodide(S-BCh),acetylcholine chloride(ACh),butyryl choline chloride(BCh)and 2,6-dichloroindophenol ethyl ester(DCIE).The linear curve of the sensor was Y=131.3×lgC+271.6(R2=0.997),where Y was the array response Euclidean distance,C was the concentration of GB(mg/L),the linear range was 0.03?0.32 mg/L,and the detection limit was 27.6 μg/L.The method could effectively distinguish chemical warfare agents(CWA)such as VX,Soman(GD),mustard gas(HD),Louie reagent(L),and had high anti-interference ability,sensitivity and good repeatability.It was successfully applied to the detection of GB in simulated water and simulated air samples,and the sample recovery rate was 97.2% ?100.9%.This method would be potentially applied to the field rapid detection of nerve agents.

To explore an effective health management model for obese students,a comprehensive intervention was carried out for obese students with cardiovascular and metabolic risks,and the effectiveness of this intervention model was evaluated.From Jan to Apr 2024(excluding the winter vacation),300 students were selected from 6 primary schools in Qibao Community,Minhang District,Shanghai,to participate in the study(28 students dropped out during the study period).The study subjects were divided into two intervention groups(pilot intervention group:equipped with a health vice principal;general intervention group:not equipped with a health vice principal)and a control group.The intervention group received comprehensive intervention measures such as science popularization,diet,exercise and psychology,while the control group received daily health management.The post-intervention results showed that the intervention group had significant improvements in healthy diet,scientific exercise and positive psychology,with significant differences compared to the control group(P<0.05).At the same time,the intervention group had a reduced detection rate of obesity(BMI≥P95),and a decreased detection rate of abnormal metabolic indicators such as blood pressure,fasting blood glucose and triglyceride,especially significant differences in fasting blood glucose and triglyceride compared with the control group(P<0.001).In addition,the pilot intervention group under the operation of health vice principal showed better effects in changing healthy behaviors and improving some metabolic indicators compared with the general intervention group.The implementation of this project provided a scientific basis for the promotion of a comprehensive intervention model for student health under the oprtation of health vice principle.

Objective To analyze the association between lifestyle and the risk of type 2 diabetes(T2D)among adult residents.Methods The data was sourced from the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank.A total of 42 096 adult residents who had not developed T2D were recruited from four districts of Shanghai(Songjiang,Jiading,Minhang,and Xuhui)between 2016 and 2019.The follow-up ended on Feb 28,2023.A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on six lifestyle-related items,including smoking,alcohol consumption,BMI,waist circumference(WC),physical activity,and diet.The unhealthy lifestyle scores(UHLS)were calculated by counting the number of all the unhealthy lifestyle items,with a range of 0-6.New-onset T2D events diagnosed by physicians were obtained through the medical information system.Cox proportional hazards regression model and restricted cubic spline model were utilized to evaluate the association between unhealthy lifestyles and the risk of T2D incidence.Results About 28.1%of the participants led 4-6 unhealthy lifestyles.A total of 1 752 new T2D cases were identified during 218 513.4 person-years of follow-up.Analysis of single unhealthy lifestyle showed that abnormal WC(HR=1.5,95%CI:1.4-1.7)and abnormal BMI(HR=1.3,95%CI:1.2-1.5)were associated with an increased risk of T2D.Compared with individuals with a UHLS of 0-1,those with a UHLS of 3 and 4-6 had 30%(95%CI:1.1-1.6)and 50%(95%CI:1.2-1.8)higher risks of T2D,respectively.Each additional unhealthy lifestyle was associated with a 10%increase in T2D incidence risk(HR=1.1,95%CI:1.1-1.2).Conclusion The risk of T2D in adult residents increases with the cumulative number of unhealthy lifestyles.Adult residents with abnormal WC or BMI,or have three or more unhealthy lifestyles accumulated,will increase the risk of new-onset T2D.

Objective:To explore the application effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol in elderly patients undergoing radical thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer.Methods:This study was a prospective study,102 elderly patients undergoing radical thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer at Shayang County People's Hospital of Jingmen from April 2022 to April 2024 were selected,they were randomly divided into low-dose group and high-dose group used random number table method,with 51 patients in each group.Low-dose group received propofol(2.0 mg/kg)combined with dexmedetomidine(loading dose 0.3 μg/kg)for anesthesia induction,while high-dose group received propofol(1.0 mg/kg)combined with dexmedetomidine(loading dose 0.6 μg/kg)for anesthesia induction.The postoperative recovery indicators,pain level,cognitive function,hemodynamic indicators[mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)],and adverse reactions between two groups were compared.Results:Compared with high-dose group,low-dose group had shorter awakening time,spontaneous breathing recovery time,tracheal extubation time,and lower incidence of adverse reactions(P＜0.05).Compared with high-dose group at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h after surgery,low-dose group had lower pain visual analog scale(VAS)scores and higher mini-mental state examination(MMSE)scores(P＜0.05).Compared with high-dose group at separation of thyroid gland(T2)to completion of surgery(T3),low-dose group had lower MAP and HR(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Loading dose 0.3 μg/kg dexmedetomidine combined with propofol has a good analgesic effect in elderly patients undergoing radical surgery for thyroid cancer,it can also maintain hemodynamic stability,reduce the impact on cognitive function,and lower the incidence of adverse reactions.