Objectives:To investigate the mechanism underlying the protective effects of polydatin(PD)a-gainst oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)-induced neuronal injury and acute spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods:The mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 was used in in vitro experiments.The cytotoxicity of PD was assessed using the CCK-8 assay:cells were treated with 0,1,3,10,30 and 100μM PD for 24h to de-termine the safe concentration range.After OGD modeling(24h),cells were treated with different concentrations of PD(0,3,10,and 30μM),and cell viability was measured via CCK-8 to identify the optimal protective concentration.Autophagy markers(LC3 and P62)were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot(WB);Autophagosome formation was observed using transmission electron microscopy;And the apoptosis rate was e valuated by TUNEL staining.For in vivo studies,an acute SCI model was established in C57BL/6 mice using Allen's impact method.Animals were divided into sham,SCI model,and PD treatment(20mg/kg)groups,with n=10 per group.Tissues were collected on 7d and 14d post-injury.Spinal cord pathology was examined by HE staining on 7d and 14d.Immunofluorescence was performed on 14d to evaluate glial scar formation(GFAP+),neuronal survival(MAP2+),cell proliferation(BrdU+),and autophagy level(LC3 Ⅱ).Results:In vitro results showed that 1-100μM PD did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity toward HT22 cells.The optimal concentration of PD was determined to be 10μ M after OGD induction.Compared with the OGD group,10μM PD significantly enhanced cell viability after OGD[OGD group:(54.63±3.90)％vs OGD+PD(1 0μ M)group:(84.35±1.38)％,P＜0.05]and effectively attenuated autophagy activation,as evidenced by a decreased LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰratio(OGD group:11.0±0.57 vs OGD+PD group:3.50±0.28,P＜0.05),increased P62 accumulation(OGD group:0.55±0.04 vs OGD+PD group:0.93±0.06,P＜0.05),reduced number of autolysosomes,and significantly lower apoptosis rate[OGD group:(35.33±2.6)％vs OGD+PD group:(19.67±1.76)％,P＜0.05].In vivo,HE staining confirmed that pathological damage in spinal cord tissue was markedly alleviated in the PD-treated group compared with the SCI model group.Immunofluorescence results indicated that PD treatment inhibited fibrous scar formation(SCI group:2.32±0.19mm2 vs PD group:1.07±0.24mm2,P＜0.05),reduced neuronal damage(SCI group:1.72±0.28mm vs PD group:0.93±0.12mm,P＜0.05)and promoted cell proliferation[SCI group:(16.14±2.24)％vs PD group:(39.09±3.16)％,P＜0.05],and downregulated LC3 Ⅱ expression(SCI group:62.81±5.25 vs PD group:34.09±3.98,P＜0.05).Conclusions:PD ameliorates neural damage by concurrently suppressing autophagy and apoptosis,providing a dual-pathway therapeutic strategy for SCI.

This study aims to establish BHK-21 stable cell lines expressing APN from four species(human,pig,dog,and cat),the APN fragments were amplified from pEGFP-C1-APN plasmids of the four species stored in the laboratory to generate the recombinant plasmids pcDNA4.0-APN.Af-ter the recombinant plasmids were transfected into BHK-21 cells,the stable BHK-21 cell lines ex-pressing the APNs were selected by two rounds of limited dilution.The constructed BHK-21 cell lines were identified by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA),and their susceptibility to PD-CoV and TGEV was tested for these four cell lines.Virus infection experiments revealed that PD-CoV infected cells expressing human,pig,and dog APNs,while it did not infect cells expressing cat APN.Simultaneously,TGEV infected cells expressing pig,dog,and cat APNs,but did not infect cells expressing human APN.The results suggest that the risk of cross-species infection for different coronaviruses and the established cell line can be used effectively to evaluate the virus in-fection.The findings also revealed that PDCoV has the potential risk of cross-species infection of human and dog,and TGEV has the potential risk of cross-species infection of dog and cat.These results provide a basis for the prevention and control strategy of coronaviruses.

Objective To design a performance testing platform to evaluate the working status and performance characteristics of the ventilator proportional solenoid valve.Methods The performance testing platform had its hardware including a high-pressure gas source,a pressure regulating valve,sensors and etc,and its software designed based on PyQt5 and composed of several modules for data acquisition,parameter setting,image display,indicator computation,result output and etc.Two kinds of proportional solenoid valves(Valve 1、Valve2)were selected for static and dynamic tests to verify the performance of the platform.Results The platform developed facilitated the proportional solenoid valve to carry out accurate computation of static and dynamic indicators at real time and time domain and waveform feature extraction of sensor data by precision control and data acquisition for the proportional solenoid valve.Static tests showed that Valve 1 gained advantages over Valve 2 in static flow characteristics involving in lowered repeatability,return error and offset while enhanced stability;dynamic tests indicated Valve 2 had rapid flow variations and significant flow fluctuation impacts,Valve 1 showed smooth dynamic response changes,and Valve 2 behaved better than Valve 1 in dynamic performance.Conclusion The testing platform developed comprehensively demonstrates the performance characteristics and working performance of the ventilator proportional solenoid valve,which is of great significance to enhance the reliability and safety of the ventilator.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(1):13-19]

Objectives:To investigate the mechanism underlying the protective effects of polydatin(PD)a-gainst oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)-induced neuronal injury and acute spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods:The mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 was used in in vitro experiments.The cytotoxicity of PD was assessed using the CCK-8 assay:cells were treated with 0,1,3,10,30 and 100μM PD for 24h to de-termine the safe concentration range.After OGD modeling(24h),cells were treated with different concentrations of PD(0,3,10,and 30μM),and cell viability was measured via CCK-8 to identify the optimal protective concentration.Autophagy markers(LC3 and P62)were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot(WB);Autophagosome formation was observed using transmission electron microscopy;And the apoptosis rate was e valuated by TUNEL staining.For in vivo studies,an acute SCI model was established in C57BL/6 mice using Allen's impact method.Animals were divided into sham,SCI model,and PD treatment(20mg/kg)groups,with n=10 per group.Tissues were collected on 7d and 14d post-injury.Spinal cord pathology was examined by HE staining on 7d and 14d.Immunofluorescence was performed on 14d to evaluate glial scar formation(GFAP+),neuronal survival(MAP2+),cell proliferation(BrdU+),and autophagy level(LC3 Ⅱ).Results:In vitro results showed that 1-100μM PD did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity toward HT22 cells.The optimal concentration of PD was determined to be 10μ M after OGD induction.Compared with the OGD group,10μM PD significantly enhanced cell viability after OGD[OGD group:(54.63±3.90)％vs OGD+PD(1 0μ M)group:(84.35±1.38)％,P＜0.05]and effectively attenuated autophagy activation,as evidenced by a decreased LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰratio(OGD group:11.0±0.57 vs OGD+PD group:3.50±0.28,P＜0.05),increased P62 accumulation(OGD group:0.55±0.04 vs OGD+PD group:0.93±0.06,P＜0.05),reduced number of autolysosomes,and significantly lower apoptosis rate[OGD group:(35.33±2.6)％vs OGD+PD group:(19.67±1.76)％,P＜0.05].In vivo,HE staining confirmed that pathological damage in spinal cord tissue was markedly alleviated in the PD-treated group compared with the SCI model group.Immunofluorescence results indicated that PD treatment inhibited fibrous scar formation(SCI group:2.32±0.19mm2 vs PD group:1.07±0.24mm2,P＜0.05),reduced neuronal damage(SCI group:1.72±0.28mm vs PD group:0.93±0.12mm,P＜0.05)and promoted cell proliferation[SCI group:(16.14±2.24)％vs PD group:(39.09±3.16)％,P＜0.05],and downregulated LC3 Ⅱ expression(SCI group:62.81±5.25 vs PD group:34.09±3.98,P＜0.05).Conclusions:PD ameliorates neural damage by concurrently suppressing autophagy and apoptosis,providing a dual-pathway therapeutic strategy for SCI.

AIM To investigate the effects of Polygonum cuspidatum and polydatin on lipid deposition in adipose tissue of high-fat diet-induced obese mice.METHODS Forty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to either a control group(10 mice)fed standard chow or a diet-induced obesity(DIO)group(30 mice)fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks.The successful mouse models were randomly assigned to the model group,the polydatin group(250 mg/kg)and the P.cuspidatum group(4.5 g/kg),with 8 mice in each group,to resume their high-fat diet during the following 8 weeks corresponding drug administration by gavage.Weekly body weight measurements were recorded for all mice.Serum TG,TC and LDL levels were quantified post-treatment.Histopathological assessment of adipose tissue was performed using HE staining.The mRNA expressions of AMPK,SREBP-1c and FAS in adipose tissue were analyzed by RT-qPCR.The protein expressions of p-AMPK,SREBP-1c and FAS in adipose tissue was detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared to the control group,the model group displayed significantly higher body weight,inguinal fat weight and epididymal fat weight(P＜0.05);elevated serum TG,TC and LDL levels(P＜0.05);markedly enlarged volumes of inguinal and epididymal adipocytes(P＜0.01);reduced p-AMPK protein expression in inguinal adipose tissue(P＜0.01);and upregulated mRNA and protein expressions of SREBP-1c and FAS(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Compared to the model group,both the P.cuspidatum group and polygonin group exhibited significantly reduced body weight and inguinal fat weight(P＜0.05);decreased serum TG and TC levels(P＜0.05);reduced inguinal adipocyte size(P＜0.01);elevated p-AMPK protein expression in inguinal adipose tissue(P＜0.01);and downregulated mRNA and protein expressions of SREBP-1c and FAS(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION P.cuspidatum and polydatin significantly increases p-AMPK expression while decreasing SREBP-1c and FAS levels in adipose tissue.This regulatory effect likely contributes to reduction of body weight in obese mice through suppression of lipogenesis.

Objective:To optimize the previously established Improved Membrane Filtration(ISET)method for de-tecting circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and to develop and validate a new,reliable CTC detection method by combining it with immunofluorescence techniques.Methods:The study involved optimizing the CTC detection system using mixed samples of gastric cancer 803 cell lines and peripheral blood(PB)from healthy volunteers to simulate the peripheral blood of cancer patients.The optimized system was validated using peripheral blood samples from 23 patients with ad-vanced(Ⅲ/Ⅳ)cancer,employing the ISET technique combined with immunocytochemistry(ICC)and paraffin block im-munohistochemistry(IHC)identification techniques.A cohort of 74 patients with various cancer types was used to com-pare the diagnostic performance of the membrane filtration combined with immunofluorescence(ISET-ICC)system against the CTC-Biopsy and CellSearchTM methods.Results:By adding a red blood cell lysis step and increasing the membrane pore size to 10 μm,the filtration time of the ISET method was reduced by threefold.The ISET-ICC detection method achieved a CTC positivity rate of 65.2％.The combination of the ISET-ICC system with the cell paraffin block-IHC method enhanced the reliability of identifying circulating tumor cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT-CTCs).The ISET-ICC technique demonstrated a significantly higher CTC positivity rate(17.6％;13/74)within the study cohort compared to the CellSearchTM method,which showed a CTC positivity rate of 12.2％(9/74;x2=10.21,P=0.007).The difference in positive detection rates among patients at different stages was statistically significant(x2=3.64,P=0.029),with a notably higher CTC detection rate in stage Ⅳ patients compared to those in stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ(x2=6.76,P=0.001).Conclusion:The improved ISET-ICC system effectively detects CTCs across various cancer types and dem-onstrates greater accuracy compared to the CellSearchTM system.

Objective:To clarify the prognostic significance of 1q21 amplification in multiple myeloma(MM),and explore the efficacy and prognosis of ixazomib in the treatment of MM patients with 1q21 amplification.Methods:A retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted on 77 patients with newly diagnosed MM who were hospitalized in Zhongshan Hospital,Xiamen University from January 2010 to December 2022.To analyze the clinical features of MM patients with 1q21 amplification,evaluate the mitigation rate and survival treated with ixazomib-based regimens.Results:Among the 77 newly diagnosed MM patients,40 patients had 1q21 amplification,while 37 didn't.Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that 1q21 amplification was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of MM patients(P＜0.05).Compared to patients without 1q21 amplification,those with 1q21 amplification had poorer progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)(both P＜0.05).When the 1q21 amplification ratio exceeded 66.7％,both PFS and OS were worse(P＜0.05).There were no statistical differences in the deep remission rate(≥VGPR),overall response rate and PFS between the 1 q21 amplification positive and negative groups treated with ixazomib-based regimens(P＞0.05),but OS showed a significant difference(P＜0.05).Among the patients who switched to ixazomib treatment from bortezomib,there was a statistically significant difference in the complete response rate(P＜0.05).Compared to other treatment regimens,ixazomib-based regimens resulted in a significant reduction in adverse reactions such as peripheral neuropathy(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Ixazomib-based chemotherapy regimens can overcome the poor prognosis associated with 1q21 amplification and improve mitigation rates and PFS in patients.Ixazomib has low incidence of adverse reactions,good safety profile and prolonged duration of therapy.

This article systematically analyzes the historical evolution of the name， medicinal parts， origin， harvesting， processing and other aspects of Houttuyniae Herba（HH） by referring to the medical books， prescription books and other documents of the past dynasties， combined with the research materials related to modern and contemporary times， in order to provide a basis for the development of famous classical formulas containing this herb. In ancient literature， HH was often referred to as "Ji" and "Jicai"， the name of "Ji" was first recorded in Mingyi Bielu during the Han and Wei dynasties， and the name of Yuxingcao was first seen in Lyuchanyan Bencao during the southern Song dynasty and has continued to this day. The origin of HH used throughout history is consistent， all of which are the whole herb or aboveground parts of Houttuynia cordata in Saururaceae family. HH recorded throughout history has a wide range of production areas， mostly self-produced self-marketing. In ancient times， fresh HH was often used as medicine by pounding its juice without involving any processing steps. Both fresh and dried products can be used as medicine， the fresh products uses the whole plant， while the dried products uses the aboveground parts， which are cleaned， selected and processed before use. Fresh products are harvested regardless of season， while dried products are harvested in both summer and autumn， with summer as the best. In ancient times， there were no specific requirements for the quality of HH， while in modern times， "intact stems and leaves with a strong fishy smell" are preferred. In addition， the medicinal properties of HH have undergone significant changes from ancient to modern times. In the early period， it was believed that its medicinal property was slightly warm， until the 1977 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia officially changed it to slightly cold. Both ancient and modern literature states that HH can be used for the treatment of carbuncle and malignant sores， Lyuchanyan Bencao for the first time introduced HH fresh juice can relieve summer heat， since Diannan Bencao recorded that it can be used for lung carbuncle， and gradually developed into the first choice for the treatment of lung carbuncle. Based on the research results， it is suggested that fresh herb or dried aboveground parts of H. cordata are used as medicine when developing famous classical formulas.

This study aims to establish BHK-21 stable cell lines expressing APN from four species(human,pig,dog,and cat),the APN fragments were amplified from pEGFP-C1-APN plasmids of the four species stored in the laboratory to generate the recombinant plasmids pcDNA4.0-APN.Af-ter the recombinant plasmids were transfected into BHK-21 cells,the stable BHK-21 cell lines ex-pressing the APNs were selected by two rounds of limited dilution.The constructed BHK-21 cell lines were identified by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA),and their susceptibility to PD-CoV and TGEV was tested for these four cell lines.Virus infection experiments revealed that PD-CoV infected cells expressing human,pig,and dog APNs,while it did not infect cells expressing cat APN.Simultaneously,TGEV infected cells expressing pig,dog,and cat APNs,but did not infect cells expressing human APN.The results suggest that the risk of cross-species infection for different coronaviruses and the established cell line can be used effectively to evaluate the virus in-fection.The findings also revealed that PDCoV has the potential risk of cross-species infection of human and dog,and TGEV has the potential risk of cross-species infection of dog and cat.These results provide a basis for the prevention and control strategy of coronaviruses.

Objective To construct a prediction model for in-hospital mortality in the elderly(≥65 years)patients undergoing unsynchronous cardioversion in ICU and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 276 elderly eligible patients in the ICU of the Ninth and the First Medical Centers of Chinese PLA General Hospital between June 2022 and August 2024.According to their clinical outcomes,they were divided into a non-in-hospital dead group(111 cases)and an in-hospital dead group(165 cases).Clinical data were collected,and pre-dictive factors for in-hospital mortality were screened.And then a nomogram prediction model was developed based on the obtained predictive factors,which was evaluated with ROC curve and deci-sion curve analyses.Results When compared to the non-in-hospital dead group,the in-hospital dead group had significantly higher heart rate,ratio of hemodialysis,and levels of alanine amin-otransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,lactate dehydrogenase,alkaline phosphatase,serum cre-atinine,blood glucose,lactate,low base excess,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,model for end-stage liver disease score,and larger proportions of ventricular fibrillation/flutter and structural heart disease induced by pulseless ventricular tachycardia,and had significantly lower Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified body temperature＞37℃(OR=0.426,95％CI:0.198-0.915,P=0.029),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(OR=2.333,95％CI:1.217-4.473,P=0.011),GCS score(OR=0.622,95％CI:0.410-0.944,P=0.026),hemoglobin(OR=0.817,95％CI:0.715-0.934,P=0.003),lactate(OR=1.365,95％CI:1.174-1.587,P=0.000),heart rate＞100 bpm(OR=2.757,95％CI:1.397-5.441,P=0.003),and SOFA score(OR=1.112,95％CI:1.032-1.198,P=0.005)as pre-dictors of in-hospital mortality.ROC curve analysis showed an AUC value of above indicators combined together in the prediction was 0.797,with a sensitivity of 76.97％and a specificity of 65.77％.Calibration curve analysis demonstrated good consistency between predicted and observed outcomes.Decision curve analysis indicated favorable clinical utility of the model.Conclusion This study identifies independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality among elderly patients in the ICU who underwent asynchronous cardioversion.Based on these factors,a nomo-gram model is established,demonstrating good discrimination,calibration,and model fit,with high clinical applicability.