Objective:To compare the performance differences of domestic and imported CD3/CD28 activation beads for manufacturing CAR-T cells,providing a backup or alternative for domestic CAR-T cell research and manufacture.Methods:A mature protocol using imported CD3/CD28 activation beads with a 1∶1 ratio for CD3+T cells was implemented as research control.Domestic beads were used with gradient ratios of 1∶2,1∶1,and 2∶1 to activate T cells.72 h after T cell activation,CAR-T cells were manufactured by CAR lentiviral infection and cell proliferation was monitored at 2-,4-,and 7-days post-infection.Flow Cytometry was used to detect CAR-T cell positivity 5 days after infection and to detectCD4/CD8 phenotype of CAR-T cells and PD1+TIM3+cell exhaustion ratio 8 days after infection.Results:CAR-T cells manufactured by domestic CD3/CD28 activation beads exhibited similar phenotype compared with those manufactured by imported CD4/CD8 beads.The positive rate of CAR-T cells prepared with domestic beads was slightly lower than that of imported beads(53.7%vs 57.9%).However,the proliferation of CAR-T cells manufactured by domestic beads was about twice that of cells manufactured by imported beads,and the exhaustion level was only half that of imported beads(4.21%vs 7.91%).Moreover,the use of domestic magnetic beads was lower than that of imported magnetic beads,which was advantageous for cutting the costs of CAR-T cells research and manufacture.Conclusion:Domestic CD3/CD28 activation beads used for CAR-T cells manufacturing demonstrate comparable overall performance to their imported counterparts,showing potential as a backup or alternative for imported beads.

Aim To explore the mechanism of Lycium barbarum glycopeptide(LbGP)improving aging in rat primary ovarian granulosa cells.Methods This study divided the cells into a normal group,a DOX group,and four different LbGP concentration treatment groups post-DOX intervention.Results Cell proliferation was assessed using CCK-8,EDU,and Ki67 assays,while aging markers and mitochondrial function-related fac-tors were detected using immunofluorescence and West-ern blotting.The results showed that,compared to the DOX group,LbGP treatment significantly increased cell viability(P＜0.05)and promoted proliferation(P＜0.05).Post LbGP treatment,the β-galactosidase-posi-tive area in cells was significantly reduced compared to the DOX group(P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence re-sults indicated that,compared to the DOX group,levels of p21 and γH2AX significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while pRB increased(P＜0.05)after LbGP treatment.Western blot results showed that,compared to the DOX group,the aging phenotype proteins p21 and p53 significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and pRB notably increased(P＜0.05)in the LbGP treatment group.The release of cytC into the cytoplasm and the activated caspase-9 significantly decreased(P＜0.05);levels of CAMKK2,pAMPK,and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis regulator MCU increased(P＜0.05);nuclear energy metabolism-related proteins SirT1,PGC1α/β and ATP5A1 significantly increased(P＜0.05);compared to the DOX group,ROS levels significantly decreased after LbGP treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusions The results suggest that LbGP can ameliorate DOX-induced aging in rat primary ovar-ian granulosa cells,potentially through the upregulation of the CAMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway,thereby im-proving mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and increas-ing the expression levels of cell energy metabolism-re-lated regulatory proteins.This provides an experimen-tal basis for LbGP's potential role in supporting the im-provement of ovarian function.

Objective:To investigate the mediating role of psychological capital between the perception of decent work and work engagement among Operating Room nurses, and to provide insights for improving their work engagement.Methods:From December 2023 to February 2024, a total of 307 Operating Room nurses from four class ⅢGrade A hospitals in Beijing, Chongqing, Dalian, and Zhuhai were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, Work Engagement Scale, Decent Work Scale, and Nurses' Psychological Capital Scale. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among psychological capital, perception of decent work, and work engagement. Structural equation modeling and mediation analysis were performed using AMOS 24.0 software.Results:A total of 307 questionnaires were distributed, and 301 valid responses were collected, with an effective response rate of 98.05%. The mean scores for work engagement, perception of decent work, and psychological capital were (41.01±10.76), (67.30±17.86), and (93.30±15.15), respectively. Work engagement was positively correlated with both the perception of decent work and psychological capital (all P<0.01), and the perception of decent work was positively correlated with psychological capital ( P<0.01). Psychological capital partially mediated the relationship between the perception of decent work and work engagement, with the mediating effect accounting for 62.63%. Conclusions:Psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between the perception of decent work and work engagement among Operating Room nurses. Nursing managers can enhance nurses' work engagement by improving their perception of decent work and strengthening their psychological capital.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of rituximab(RTX)combined with calcineurin inhibitors(CNI)in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome(RNS).Methods:A total of 80 patients with steroid-dependent/resistant RNS were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to an observation group(RTX+CNI,n=40)and a control group(CNI monotherapy,n=40).Patients were followed up for 24 months.Dynamic comparisons were made between the two groups regarding complete remission rate,relapse rate,24-hour urinary protein,kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),and adverse reactions.Results:The complete remission rate(CR)in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group at all time points(24-month CR:100％vs 90％,P＜0.05).The 24-month relapse rate was significantly lower in the observation group compared to the control group(0％vs 10％,P＜0.05).Combination therapy significantly reduced 24-hour urinary protein levels(6 months:2.13±0.63 vs 3.86±1.01 g/24 h,P＜0.001)and the renal injury marker KIM-1(6 months:1.53±0.41 vs 2.23±0.65 ng/mL,P＜0.001),and increased the CD4+/CD8+ ratio(24 months:2.03±0.52 vs 1.72±0.41,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(15％vs 20％,P=0.556).Conclusion:RTX combined with CNI significantly improves the long-term remission rate and reduces the risk of relapse in RNS.Its dual immunomodulatory and multi-target renal protective effects provide evidence-based support for optimizing the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome.

Foodborne illnesses caused by Salmonella pose significant threats to worldwide public health safety.In this study,a rapid method for screening viable Salmonella in oyster sauce and milk was developed by utilizing an electronic microbial growth analyzer(EMGA).Target food samples were diluted 10-fold with RVS broth and loaded into test tubes.Test tubes were positioned in the EMGA to determine the bacterial growth curves and the time required to reach the maximum growth rate(Tmgr).Using Salmonella typhimurium(S.typhimurium)asan model species,there was linear relationship between the logarithmic value of viable bacterial concentration(lgC)and Tmgr over the range of 5×101-5×106 CFU/mL,with a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL.For oyster sauce,the regression equation was Tmgr(min)=-80.775lg[C/(CFU/mL)]+754.96(R2=0.9907),and the recovery rates of S.typhimurium ranged from 95.2%to 119.8%,with relative standard deviations(RSD)ranging from 3.5%to 16.3%.For milk,the regression equation was Tmgr(min)=-71.922 lg[C/(CFU/mL)]+618.65(R2=0.9985),with recovery rates ranging from 98.4%to 110.6%and RSD ranging from 6.4%to 12.8%.The EMGA method required only one portable instrument,and involving only three manual steps,i.e.,dilution,transfer,and insertion.When S.typhimurium contamination reached 106 CFU/mL,the total time consumption,from the unwrapping of samples to the readout of bacterial concentration,was no more than 7 h.When applied to detection of actual oyster sauce and milk samples,the new method demonstrated strong consistency with plate counting results in positive detection rates.This method was superior to the plate counting method,which was generally considered as a gold standard,in terms of accuracy,precision,simplicity and efficiency,representing a promising alternative for the on-site screening and quantification of viable Salmonella in oyster sauce and milk products.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of rituximab(RTX)combined with calcineurin inhibitors(CNI)in the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome(RNS).Methods:A total of 80 patients with steroid-dependent/resistant RNS were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to an observation group(RTX+CNI,n=40)and a control group(CNI monotherapy,n=40).Patients were followed up for 24 months.Dynamic comparisons were made between the two groups regarding complete remission rate,relapse rate,24-hour urinary protein,kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),and adverse reactions.Results:The complete remission rate(CR)in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group at all time points(24-month CR:100％vs 90％,P＜0.05).The 24-month relapse rate was significantly lower in the observation group compared to the control group(0％vs 10％,P＜0.05).Combination therapy significantly reduced 24-hour urinary protein levels(6 months:2.13±0.63 vs 3.86±1.01 g/24 h,P＜0.001)and the renal injury marker KIM-1(6 months:1.53±0.41 vs 2.23±0.65 ng/mL,P＜0.001),and increased the CD4+/CD8+ ratio(24 months:2.03±0.52 vs 1.72±0.41,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(15％vs 20％,P=0.556).Conclusion:RTX combined with CNI significantly improves the long-term remission rate and reduces the risk of relapse in RNS.Its dual immunomodulatory and multi-target renal protective effects provide evidence-based support for optimizing the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome.

Aim To explore the mechanism of Lycium barbarum glycopeptide(LbGP)improving aging in rat primary ovarian granulosa cells.Methods This study divided the cells into a normal group,a DOX group,and four different LbGP concentration treatment groups post-DOX intervention.Results Cell proliferation was assessed using CCK-8,EDU,and Ki67 assays,while aging markers and mitochondrial function-related fac-tors were detected using immunofluorescence and West-ern blotting.The results showed that,compared to the DOX group,LbGP treatment significantly increased cell viability(P＜0.05)and promoted proliferation(P＜0.05).Post LbGP treatment,the β-galactosidase-posi-tive area in cells was significantly reduced compared to the DOX group(P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence re-sults indicated that,compared to the DOX group,levels of p21 and γH2AX significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while pRB increased(P＜0.05)after LbGP treatment.Western blot results showed that,compared to the DOX group,the aging phenotype proteins p21 and p53 significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and pRB notably increased(P＜0.05)in the LbGP treatment group.The release of cytC into the cytoplasm and the activated caspase-9 significantly decreased(P＜0.05);levels of CAMKK2,pAMPK,and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis regulator MCU increased(P＜0.05);nuclear energy metabolism-related proteins SirT1,PGC1α/β and ATP5A1 significantly increased(P＜0.05);compared to the DOX group,ROS levels significantly decreased after LbGP treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusions The results suggest that LbGP can ameliorate DOX-induced aging in rat primary ovar-ian granulosa cells,potentially through the upregulation of the CAMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway,thereby im-proving mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and increas-ing the expression levels of cell energy metabolism-re-lated regulatory proteins.This provides an experimen-tal basis for LbGP's potential role in supporting the im-provement of ovarian function.

Objective:To investigate the mediating role of psychological capital between the perception of decent work and work engagement among Operating Room nurses, and to provide insights for improving their work engagement.Methods:From December 2023 to February 2024, a total of 307 Operating Room nurses from four class ⅢGrade A hospitals in Beijing, Chongqing, Dalian, and Zhuhai were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, Work Engagement Scale, Decent Work Scale, and Nurses' Psychological Capital Scale. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among psychological capital, perception of decent work, and work engagement. Structural equation modeling and mediation analysis were performed using AMOS 24.0 software.Results:A total of 307 questionnaires were distributed, and 301 valid responses were collected, with an effective response rate of 98.05%. The mean scores for work engagement, perception of decent work, and psychological capital were (41.01±10.76), (67.30±17.86), and (93.30±15.15), respectively. Work engagement was positively correlated with both the perception of decent work and psychological capital (all P<0.01), and the perception of decent work was positively correlated with psychological capital ( P<0.01). Psychological capital partially mediated the relationship between the perception of decent work and work engagement, with the mediating effect accounting for 62.63%. Conclusions:Psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between the perception of decent work and work engagement among Operating Room nurses. Nursing managers can enhance nurses' work engagement by improving their perception of decent work and strengthening their psychological capital.

Objective To evaluate the effect of photo-activated disinfection(PAD)as a kind of adjuvant treatment on moderate to severe chronic periodontitis.Methods 21 patients with the chronic periodontitis(totally 218 selected sites)were randomly enrolled and divided into group A(minocycline hydrochloride),group B(PAD),group C(PAD + minocycline hydrochloride),and group D(no adjunctive therapy)for the adjunctive treatment after receiving the scaling and root planing(SRP).Periodontal indexs as probing depth(PD),bleeding on probing(BOP)and clinical attachment loss(CAL)were examined at the baseline,6 and 12 weeks after the treatment.Meanwhile,periodontal pathogens as Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg)and Tannerella forsythia(Tf)from subgingival plaque of group A,B and C were detected by Real-time PCR.Results Compared with the baseline,the periodontal inflammations of all groups were improved signiffcantly at 6 and 12 weeks after the treatment(P<0.001),and group A,group B and group C were better than group D(P<0.001),group C was better than group A(P<0.001);Furthermore,the concentration of Pg and Tf was decreased significantly(P<0.001),and there was no difference among the three groups with adjunctive therapy.Conclussion As the adjunctive treatment of SRP,PAD could achieve the same and even better effect than minocycline hydrochloride ointment.

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome(CAIS) is characterized by lack of androgen response in target organs due to androgen receptor dysfunction, resulting in feminized external genitalia. Individuals with CAIS are typically advised to live as females. This article reports a patient diagnosed with CAIS and gender dysphoria in adulthood. Following the removal of a left pelvic mass, pathology indicated cryptorchidism with a concurrent Leydig cell tumor. Genetic testing revealed a deletion mutation in exon 3 of androgen receptor gene. During follow-up, the patient underwent gender reassignment, transitioning socially from female to male. This case provides new insights into gender allocation for CAIS patients.