ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between negative life events and depression severity in adolescent patients with depressive disorder， as well as the chain mediating role of insomnia symptoms and quality of life. Methods374 outpatient patients and hospitalized patients with adolescent depressive disorders were enrolled. The Adolescent Life Event Scale （ASLEC）， the Insomnia Severity Index （ISI）， the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire Short Form （WHOQOL-BREF）， and the Center for Epidemiology Depression Scale （CES-D） were used to evaluate the negative life event situation， insomnia symptoms， quality of life level and depression severity of the subjects， respectively. In addition， the PROCESS 4.0 macroprogram was used to analyze the chain mediating effect of insomnia symptoms and quality of life between negative life events and depression severity in patients with adolescent depressive disorder. ResultsThe results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between negative life events and insomnia symptoms， quality of life， and depression severity （all P<0.05）. In addition， the results of chain mediation showed that negative life events had a significant direct effect on depression severity， with an effect size of 0.12 （P<0.001）. Insomnia symptoms and quality of life played a mediating role in the relationship between negative life events and depression severity in patients with adolescent depressive disorders， with indirect effect sizes of 0.062 （95%CI： 0.040-0.087） and 0.091 （95%CI： 0.059-0.123）， respectively. It could also play a chain mediation role， and the effect size was 0.039 （95%CI： 0.024-0.057）. ConclusionNegative life events experienced by patients with adolescent depressive disorder not only directly affect the severity of depressive symptoms， but may also indirectly exacerbate depression through insomnia symptoms and quality of life.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Establishing a natural population prospective cohort represents a sophisticated systematic project that spans multiple disciplines and research directions, requiring comprehensive consideration of diverse factors. Both international and domestic practices have accumulated substantial experience and achievements in this field. These prospective cohorts are typically developed through collaborative efforts among research institutions, generating systematic insights into construction backgrounds, objectives, design frameworks, implementation strategies, and management protocols. This study conducts an in-depth investigation into the current status of natural population prospective cohort development globally and domestically, systematically summarizing progress in development history, current status, and research advancements. The findings aim to inform strategic planning in China’s related domains, thereby facilitating the advancement of natural population prospective cohort research.

To establish a medical imaging teacher competency model and evaluate its application value in group teaching for undergraduates.

Objective:To examine the clinical effect of endovascular treatment for patients with non-acute symptomatic anterior circulation distal medium artery disease (aDMAD).Methods:This is a retrospective case series study.Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 28 patients(29 lesions) with non-acute symptomatic aDMAD who underwent endovascular treatment at the Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Hospital from May 2018 to March 2024. There were 15 males and 13 females,with an age of (63.4±10.2) years (range:36 to 82 years). The course of disease were more than 72 hours of all the patients. Confirmed by digital subtraction angiography,the lesion was located in distal anterior circulation and (or) medium arteries. Among them, 21 lesions (72.4%) located at middle cerebral artery and 8 lesions (27.6%) located at anterior cerebral artery.The median degree of stenosis before surgery ( M(IQR)) was 90%(23%) (range:70% to 100%).After standardized drug treatment,there was still a transient ischemic attack or cerebral infarction in the vascular related area.The therapeutic effects and complications were analyzed,and the differences in the occurrence of target vessel restenosis under different interventional treatment methods were collected. Results:A total of 28 patients with 29 lesions underwent endovascular treatment, with a treatment success rate of 96.6% (28/29). The course of disease was 60(66)days (range:9 to 210 days). Simple plain balloon angioplasty was performed in 12 cases (13 lesions), drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty in 7 cases (7 lesions), and stent placement in 9 cases (9 lesions). The median degree of stenosis after surgery was 20%(39%) (range:0 to 50%). There was no new cerebral infarctions,cerebral hemorrhages,or other complications during the perioperative period.Imaging follow-up was conducted on 23 lesions for 12(15)months(range:3 to 34 months),with 10 cases (43.5%) of restenosis,3 cases (13.0%) of symptomatic restenosis,and 4 cases (17.4%) of re-treatment. There were no new cases of cerebral hemorrhage or death during the follow-up process.The restenosis rate was 6/10 for the conventional balloon group,1/6 for the DCB group, and 3/7 for the stent group; the rate of symptomatic restenosis was 1/10 for the conventional balloon group,0/6 for the DCB group, and 2/7 for the stent group.Conclusions:Endovascular treatment for non-acute symptomatic aDMAD is relatively effective,but there is a high rate of restenosis postoperatively. DCB may reduce the occurrence of postoperative restenosis.

Objective:To examine the clinical effect of endovascular treatment for patients with non-acute symptomatic anterior circulation distal medium artery disease (aDMAD).Methods:This is a retrospective case series study.Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 28 patients(29 lesions) with non-acute symptomatic aDMAD who underwent endovascular treatment at the Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Hospital from May 2018 to March 2024. There were 15 males and 13 females,with an age of (63.4±10.2) years (range:36 to 82 years). The course of disease were more than 72 hours of all the patients. Confirmed by digital subtraction angiography,the lesion was located in distal anterior circulation and (or) medium arteries. Among them, 21 lesions (72.4%) located at middle cerebral artery and 8 lesions (27.6%) located at anterior cerebral artery.The median degree of stenosis before surgery ( M(IQR)) was 90%(23%) (range:70% to 100%).After standardized drug treatment,there was still a transient ischemic attack or cerebral infarction in the vascular related area.The therapeutic effects and complications were analyzed,and the differences in the occurrence of target vessel restenosis under different interventional treatment methods were collected. Results:A total of 28 patients with 29 lesions underwent endovascular treatment, with a treatment success rate of 96.6% (28/29). The course of disease was 60(66)days (range:9 to 210 days). Simple plain balloon angioplasty was performed in 12 cases (13 lesions), drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty in 7 cases (7 lesions), and stent placement in 9 cases (9 lesions). The median degree of stenosis after surgery was 20%(39%) (range:0 to 50%). There was no new cerebral infarctions,cerebral hemorrhages,or other complications during the perioperative period.Imaging follow-up was conducted on 23 lesions for 12(15)months(range:3 to 34 months),with 10 cases (43.5%) of restenosis,3 cases (13.0%) of symptomatic restenosis,and 4 cases (17.4%) of re-treatment. There were no new cases of cerebral hemorrhage or death during the follow-up process.The restenosis rate was 6/10 for the conventional balloon group,1/6 for the DCB group, and 3/7 for the stent group; the rate of symptomatic restenosis was 1/10 for the conventional balloon group,0/6 for the DCB group, and 2/7 for the stent group.Conclusions:Endovascular treatment for non-acute symptomatic aDMAD is relatively effective,but there is a high rate of restenosis postoperatively. DCB may reduce the occurrence of postoperative restenosis.