Acute mountain sickness is a variety of pathological reactions that occur when people enter high altitude areas and are exposed to a hypobaric and hypoxic environment.China has vast high-altitude regions with complex terrains and of strategic importance.With the increase in large-scale combat training activities,more troops have entered high-altitude areas to carry out training.The hypobaric and hypoxic environment at high altitudes impacts the generation of combat effectiveness.The Wilderness Medical Society(WMS)has issued consensus guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute mountain sickness in 2010,2014,2019 and 2024,respectively.The commonly used drugs for the prevention and treatment of acute mountain sickness include acetazolamide,dexamethasone,acetaminophen and nifedipine while non-pharmaceutical approaches include gradual ascendance,pre-acclimation,oxygen inhalation,descendance to a lower altitude,and portable hyperbaric oxygen chambers.This article was intended to trace the evolution of each means of prevention and treatment specified in the four editions of the guidelines,keep track of the latest approaches to acute mountain sickness,and provide a reference for military medical support for related training.