Pinellia ternata， belonging to the Pinellia genus within the Araceae family， is a medicinal plant due to its tubers. There are severe issues with unclear germplasm and mixed varieties in its cultivation， necessitating urgent new variety protection efforts. The distinctness， uniformity， and stability （DUS） testing of the plant variety is the basis for protecting new plant varieties， and the DUS test guidelines are the technical basis for DUS testing. To develop the DUS test guidelines for P. ternata， agronomic traits of 229 germplasm of P. ternata were observed and measured during its two growth stages over the years， and each character was graded and described. A total of 38 traits were selected as the test traits of the DUS test guideline for P. ternata. There were three plant traits， 19 leaf traits， six flower traits， two fruit traits， two tuber traits， five bulbil traits， and one ploidy trait. These traits could be divided into 22 quality characters， 12 quantitative characters， and four pseudo-quantitative characters， as well as seven groups， including plants， leaves， flowers， fruit， tubers， bulbils， and ploidy. By searching for standard traits， 10 standard varieties were ultimately determined. Preparing these guidelines will have great significance for reviewing and protecting P. ternata varieties， safeguarding breeders' rights， and promoting the development of the P. ternata industry.

Objective:Hearing loss can seriously affect mental health status, and this study aims to investigate the influence of hearing health status on depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older individuals in the community.Methods:From June to December 2023, a stratified random sampling method was employed to select 1 238 community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above from four cities (Hangzhou, Shanghai, Baoding, and Zhengzhou) as research subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the subjects′ basic information, hearing health status [assessed by the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults-Screening Version (HHIA-S)], and depressive symptoms [assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15)]. T-tests, rank-sum tests and chi-square tests were used for univariate analysis, while, multiple linear regression and binary Logistic regression were applied to analyze the relationship between hearing health status and depressive symptoms.Results:A total of 1 183 community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above were included in the final analysis (464 males and 719 females, aged from 45 to 96 years). The detection rate of hearing loss was 35.3%(418/1 183), while, the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 9.89%(117/1 183). Age, level of interaction with children, self-rated health, perceived loneliness, and hearing health significantly influenced depressive symptoms among older adults residing in the community ( P<0.05). Individuals with moderate to severe hearing loss ( β=2.04, 95% CI: 1.47, 2.62) exhibited higher GDS-15 scores compared to those without hearing impairment. Furthermore, after correcting for sex, age, marital status, monthly per capita family income, education, residence, smoking status, alcohol use, use of psychotropic medication (anxiolytic or depressant), number of illness, self-health assessment, and autonomy, middle-aged and older adults with mild to moderate hearing loss ( OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.76, 4.88) and severe hearing loss ( OR=5.79, 95% CI: 3.05, 11.01) demonstrated an increased likelihood of experiencing depression. Conclusions:The degree of hearing loss in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly individuals is closely associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance hearing health screening and to provide mental health support to individuals with hearing loss, in order to mitigate the onset and progression of depressive symptoms.

Sacroiliac complex injuries are commonly seen in high-energy pelvic fractures. The injuries make a big difference in treatment patterns due to the diverse injury types, posing considerable challenges in formulating optimal treatment strategies, and hence are persistent clinical difficulties in orthopedic trauma. The clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries presents several key challenges such as a non-negligible rate of missed diagnoses in associated vascular and visceral injuries, absence of standardized protocols for surgical approaches and reduction-fixation strategies across different injury patterns, and ongoing controversies regarding surgical indications and optimal timing for patients combined with concomitant lumbosacral plexus injuries. Currently, no systematic clinical guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries both domestically and internationally. To this end, the Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery Group, Orthopedic Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care and Orthopedic Physician Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized a panel of domestic experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medicine and adhering to the principles of scientific rigor, clinical applicability, and innovation. These guidelines provided 11 recommendations covering diagnosis, therapeutic principles and techniques, management protocols for lumbosacral plexus injuries, outcome evaluation, and postoperative rehabilitation pathways, etc., aiming to standardize the clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries.

Objective:Hearing loss can seriously affect mental health status, and this study aims to investigate the influence of hearing health status on depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older individuals in the community.Methods:From June to December 2023, a stratified random sampling method was employed to select 1 238 community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above from four cities (Hangzhou, Shanghai, Baoding, and Zhengzhou) as research subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the subjects′ basic information, hearing health status [assessed by the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults-Screening Version (HHIA-S)], and depressive symptoms [assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15)]. T-tests, rank-sum tests and chi-square tests were used for univariate analysis, while, multiple linear regression and binary Logistic regression were applied to analyze the relationship between hearing health status and depressive symptoms.Results:A total of 1 183 community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above were included in the final analysis (464 males and 719 females, aged from 45 to 96 years). The detection rate of hearing loss was 35.3%(418/1 183), while, the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 9.89%(117/1 183). Age, level of interaction with children, self-rated health, perceived loneliness, and hearing health significantly influenced depressive symptoms among older adults residing in the community ( P<0.05). Individuals with moderate to severe hearing loss ( β=2.04, 95% CI: 1.47, 2.62) exhibited higher GDS-15 scores compared to those without hearing impairment. Furthermore, after correcting for sex, age, marital status, monthly per capita family income, education, residence, smoking status, alcohol use, use of psychotropic medication (anxiolytic or depressant), number of illness, self-health assessment, and autonomy, middle-aged and older adults with mild to moderate hearing loss ( OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.76, 4.88) and severe hearing loss ( OR=5.79, 95% CI: 3.05, 11.01) demonstrated an increased likelihood of experiencing depression. Conclusions:The degree of hearing loss in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly individuals is closely associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance hearing health screening and to provide mental health support to individuals with hearing loss, in order to mitigate the onset and progression of depressive symptoms.

Sacroiliac complex injuries are commonly seen in high-energy pelvic fractures. The injuries make a big difference in treatment patterns due to the diverse injury types, posing considerable challenges in formulating optimal treatment strategies, and hence are persistent clinical difficulties in orthopedic trauma. The clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries presents several key challenges such as a non-negligible rate of missed diagnoses in associated vascular and visceral injuries, absence of standardized protocols for surgical approaches and reduction-fixation strategies across different injury patterns, and ongoing controversies regarding surgical indications and optimal timing for patients combined with concomitant lumbosacral plexus injuries. Currently, no systematic clinical guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries both domestically and internationally. To this end, the Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery Group, Orthopedic Branch, China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care and Orthopedic Physician Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized a panel of domestic experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac complex injuries ( version 2025), based on evidence-based medicine and adhering to the principles of scientific rigor, clinical applicability, and innovation. These guidelines provided 11 recommendations covering diagnosis, therapeutic principles and techniques, management protocols for lumbosacral plexus injuries, outcome evaluation, and postoperative rehabilitation pathways, etc., aiming to standardize the clinical management of sacroiliac complex injuries.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the employment status of college graduates majoring in health service and management in China.Methods:From April 2023 to June 2024, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on undergraduate graduates majoring in health service and management from 34 universities in China using convenient sampling method. General information was collected (such as gender, household registration at graduation, only child status, average monthly family income, previous experience as a student cadre, average grade point, part-time job experience, entrepreneurial experience, whether a first batch graduate of the university and the major, self-assessment of professional competence level) alongside employment status. Statistical descriptive analysis was employed to analyze the graduates′ basic employment situation, job competence and professional skill demand, types of certificates valued by employers, factors influencing job selection, evaluation of work and profession, and perceptions of professional employment prospects. A total of 1 417 questionnaires were collected in this study, with 1 315 valid responses (92.8%). Chi-square tests were used to compare employment differences among various factors, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing employment outcomes.Results:Among 564 employed graduates in the Health Services and Management field, 98 (17.4%) work in health management companies and 97 (17.2%) in hospitals. Regarding important job competencies, 413 (73.2%), 409 (72.5%), and 364 (64.5%) respectively emphasized the importance of information collection and statistical analysis, organizational coordination, and communication skills. Key professional skills highly valued by employers included health risk assessment 175 (66.3%), health measurement 160 (60.6%), and health education and promotion 152 (57.6%). Additionally, 281 (49.8%) highlighted the importance of Health Management Professional Qualification Certificates. Factors influencing job choices included salary and benefits 454 (80.5%) and personal interests and hobbies 279 (49.5%). While 397 (70.4%) of the graduates provided positive feedback on their profession, only 274 (48.6%) were optimistic about their future job prospects. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated significant correlations (all P<0.05) between employment outcomes and factors such as part-time work experience ( OR=1.31) and average grade point ( OR=0.61, 0.68). Conclusions:The employment rate of undergraduate graduates majoring in health service and management in China is low in the health service market, with a low degree of job specialization matching. Graduates are not optimistic about the future employment prospects in their field, possibly due to unclear positioning in talent cultivation in universities and an imperfect job market.

Objective The monosaccharide composition of Abelmoschus Manihot Radix polysaccharide was identified and then we evaluated the therapeutic effect on slow transit constipation.Finally,the pharmacodynamic substances and molecular mechanisms in the polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix to improve slow transit constipation were explored by network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.Methods The polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix has been prepared by aqueous-alcoholic precipitation and has been determined by HPAEC method;The mice model of slow transit constipation was made by sc loperamide(10 mg?kg-1)and the therapeutic effect for the treatment of constipation was evaluated by two indicators:fecal water content and small intestinal propulsion rate;Pathological changes in the colon tissue of STC mice were observed by HE.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and claudin-1 expression in colon tissue of STC mice;qRT-PCR method was used to detect mRNA expressions of AQP3,AQP4,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in each group;Network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were used to explore the potential targets and pathways of the polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix in treating slow transit constipation.Results The Polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix significantly increased fecal water content and intestinal propulsion rate in mice caused by slow transit constipation,decreased the expressions of AQP3,AQP4,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA(P<0.01,P<0.001),protected the integrity of the colonic barrier in STC mice,and increased the protein expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-1 in colon tissues of STC mice.By network pharmacology,it was found that monosaccharides such as rhamnose,fucose and glucuronic acid could mainly act on key targets such as STAT3,JUN,CASP3,HSP90AA1,VEGFA and IL-1β and regulate the Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels,EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications to improve the symptoms of constipation in mice.Western blot results showed that intervention with polysaccharides from the roots of Solanum palmatum significantly reduced the expression of CASP3,VEGFA and IL-1β protein in the colon tissue of constipated mice.Conclusion The polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix can treat slow transit constipation through multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway therapy.It provides a scientific basis for the further clinical application of Abelmoschus Manihot and drug development(National patent ZL202310894613.3.has been authorized)and it is expected to promote the efficient utilisation of resources from the non-medicinal parts of Abelmoschus Manihot.

Objective The monosaccharide composition of Abelmoschus Manihot Radix polysaccharide was identified and then we evaluated the therapeutic effect on slow transit constipation.Finally,the pharmacodynamic substances and molecular mechanisms in the polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix to improve slow transit constipation were explored by network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.Methods The polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix has been prepared by aqueous-alcoholic precipitation and has been determined by HPAEC method;The mice model of slow transit constipation was made by sc loperamide(10 mg?kg-1)and the therapeutic effect for the treatment of constipation was evaluated by two indicators:fecal water content and small intestinal propulsion rate;Pathological changes in the colon tissue of STC mice were observed by HE.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and claudin-1 expression in colon tissue of STC mice;qRT-PCR method was used to detect mRNA expressions of AQP3,AQP4,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in each group;Network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were used to explore the potential targets and pathways of the polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix in treating slow transit constipation.Results The Polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix significantly increased fecal water content and intestinal propulsion rate in mice caused by slow transit constipation,decreased the expressions of AQP3,AQP4,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA(P<0.01,P<0.001),protected the integrity of the colonic barrier in STC mice,and increased the protein expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-1 in colon tissues of STC mice.By network pharmacology,it was found that monosaccharides such as rhamnose,fucose and glucuronic acid could mainly act on key targets such as STAT3,JUN,CASP3,HSP90AA1,VEGFA and IL-1β and regulate the Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels,EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications to improve the symptoms of constipation in mice.Western blot results showed that intervention with polysaccharides from the roots of Solanum palmatum significantly reduced the expression of CASP3,VEGFA and IL-1β protein in the colon tissue of constipated mice.Conclusion The polysaccharide from Abelmoschus Manihot Radix can treat slow transit constipation through multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway therapy.It provides a scientific basis for the further clinical application of Abelmoschus Manihot and drug development(National patent ZL202310894613.3.has been authorized)and it is expected to promote the efficient utilisation of resources from the non-medicinal parts of Abelmoschus Manihot.

Objective:To explore the necessity of perioperative radiography by analyzing the risk factors for internal fixation loosening after closed reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire for supra-condylar fracture of the humerus in children.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed were the 502 patients with supracondylar fracture of the humerus who had been treated at Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University by closed reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. There were 307 boys and 195 girls, with an age of (60.0±27.2) months. There were 224 Gartland type Ⅱ supracondylar fractures and 278 Gartland type Ⅲ supracondylar fractures. Follow-ups revealed internal fixation loosening in 52 cases (set as a loosening group) and no internal fixation loosening in the other 460 cases (set as a non-loosening group). The angles between Kirschner wires (angle 1 and angle 2), the effective fixation ratios of the Kirschner wire (ratio 1, ratio 2, and ratio 3), the metaphyseal shaft angle α, and the distal anteversion angle of the humerus β were measured on the perioperative and postoperative elbow X-ray films and compared. Other data affecting the internal fixation loosening were collected. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for internal fixation loosening after closed reduction and internal fixation of supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Results:There were no significant differences between the intraoperative and postoperative data in the angle 1 or angle 2 between Kirschner wires (26.58°±14.22° versus 26.75°±10.70°; 41.85°±8.67° versus 41.31°±7.79°), the effective fixation ratio 1, 2 or 3 of Kirschner wire (0.904±0.182 versus 0.887±0.206; 0.897±0.119 versus 0.895±0.142; 0.890±0.035 versus 0.889±0.076), the metaphyseal shaft angle α (86.25°±2.74° versus 85.52°±1.86°), or the distal anteversion angle of the humerus β (31.04°±0.97° versus 29.54°±0.45°) (all P>0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that fracture site ( P=0.032), fracture classification ( P=0.041) and postoperative infection ( P=0.004) were the risk factors for internal fixation loosening. Conclusions:As supracondylar fractures of the humerus remain stable in the perioperative period with little risk of fracture displacement or internal fixation loosening after closed reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire, postoperative radiography is not necessary. The risks for internal fixation loosening are positively correlated with fracture site, fracture type and postoperative infection.

Objective: To analyze the awereness and beliefs on sedentary behavior among college students and associated factors, so as to provide a reference for improving sedentary behavior. Methods: A total of 1 261 students from six universities in Hangzhou City, were selected using a convenience sampling method. Sedentary behavior and its influencing factors were analyzed using the Chi square test and binary Logistic regression, respectively. Results: The pass rate of the knowledge and belief scores were 33.2% and 55.5%, respectively. The average duration of sedentary behavior on weekdays and weedends were (6.73±3.03) and (6.22±3.41)h/d, respectively. The results of the binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of health related sedentary behavior included gender, grade, subject major, sports performance and belief score ( P <0.01). Female students were 2.18 times more likely to exhibit unhealthy sedentary behaviors than male students (95% CI =1.58-3.01); senior college students were less likely to exhibit unhealthy static behaviors than freshmen ( OR =0.38,95% CI =0.23-0.61); and sports majors were less likely to exhibit unhealthy sedentary behaviors than medical majors ( OR =0.10, 95% CI =0.03-0.34). Students with high sports performance were less likely to exhibit unhealthy sedentary behavior ( OR =0.63, 95% CI =0.48-0.83). In terms of belief scores, students who obtained a pass rate were less likely to exhibit unhealthy static behavior ( OR =0.67, 95% CI =0.52-0.87). Conclusion Sedentary behavior is common among college students, and is influenced by several factors influencing factors. Colleges and universities should pay attention to improving the knowledge and belief level of students’ sedentary behavior, promote healthy exercise habits, reduce the duration of static behavior, and maintain the health level of college students.