Childhood simple obesity has become a significant public health issue in China. Modern medicine primarily relies on lifestyle interventions and often suffers from poor long-term compliance， while pharmacological options are limited and associated with potential adverse effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） has a long history in the prevention and management of this condition， demonstrating eight distinct advantages， including systematic theoretical foundation， diversified therapeutic approaches， definite therapeutic efficacy， high safety profile， good patient compliance， comprehensive intervention strategies， emphasis on prevention， and stepwise treatment protocols. Additionally， TCM is characterized by six distinctive features： the use of natural medicinal substances， non-invasive external therapies， integration of medicinal dietetics， simple exercise regimens， precise syndrome differentiation， and diverse dosage forms. By combining internal and external treatments， TCM facilitates individualized regimen adjustment and holistic regulation， demonstrating remarkable effects in improving obesity-related metabolic indicators， regulating constitutional imbalance， and promoting healthy behaviors. However， challenges remain， such as inconsistent operational standards， insufficient high-quality clinical evidence， and a gap between basic research and clinical application. Future efforts should focus on accelerating the standardization of TCM diagnosis and treatment， conducting multicenter randomized controlled trials， and fostering interdisciplinary integration， so as to enhance the scientific validity and international recognition of TCM in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of cognitive impairment in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods A total of 60 hospitalized non-dialysis patients with CKD in the Department of Nephrology of Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University from September 2022 to September 2023 were enrolled as research objects.According to the estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),they were divided into stage 1 to 2 of CKD group[eGFR ≥60 mL/(min·1.73 m2)]with 23 cases,the stage 3 of CKD group[eGFR 30～＜60 mL/(min·1.73 m2)]with 20 cases,and stage 4 to 5 of CKD group[eGFR＜30 mL/(min·1.73 m2)]with 17 cases.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA)was used to evaluate the cognitive function of the patients.Basic data and common clinical laboratory in-dicators on hospital admission were collected to analyze the differences in cognitive function levels under different renal function statuses and to explore the influencing factors of cognitive impairment.Results The incidence rates of cognitive impairment in the stage 1 to 2 of CKD group,stage 3 of CKD group,and stage 4 to 5 of CKD group were 47.8％,85.0％,and 94.1％respectively,the median MoCA scored 26,24 and 20 respectively,with statistically significant between-group differ-ences(P＜0.05).Cognitive function was significantly negatively correlated with age(r=-0.634,P＜0.001),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)(r=-0.574,P＜0.001),serum creatinine(Cr)(r=-0.417,P＜0.001),cystatin C(Cys-C)(r=-0.327,P=0.011),serum β2-microglobulin(β2-MG)(r=-0.259,P=0.046),and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)(r=-0.474,P＜0.001),and was significantly positively correlated with hemoglobin(HB)(r=0.401,P=0.001)and eGFR(r=0.485,P＜0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age(P=0.006)and NT-proBNP(P=0.041)were influencing factors of cognitive im-pairment in non-dialysis patients with CKD.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,and specificity of age for prediction were 0.860,0.864 and 0.812 respectively,the AUC,sensitivity,and specificity of NT-proBNP for pre-diction were 0.808,0.795 and 0.875 respectively,and the combined prediction of age and NT-proBNP had an AUC,sensitivity,and specificity of 0.893,0.955,and 0.750,respectively.Conclusion As renal function deteriorates,the incidence rate and severity of cognitive impairment in non-dialysis patients with CKD tend to increase.Advanced age,renal function deterioration,high NT-proBNP level,and anemia are associated with the occurrence of cognitive impairment in non-di-alysis patients with CKD,among which age and NT-proBNP are influencing factors for cognitive im-pairment.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of complement activation in patients with HBV related glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN).Methods Biopsy-proven HBV-GN patients admitted in our hospital were retrospectively recruited.Decreased serum C3 level was defined as C3 ＜ 85 mg/dL.According to the serum C3 level,the patients were divided into the decreased serum C3 group and normal serum C3 group,and the pathological and clinical differences were compared between the two groups.According to the intensity of C3 deposition in the kidney,patients were divided into negative and positive group,and the pathological and clinical differences were compared.Results In this study,29 HBV-GN patients were recruited.There were 18 (62.07％) patients in the normal serum C3 group and 11 (37.93％) patients in the decreased serum C3 group.Compared with the patients with normal serum C3 level,patients with decreased serum C3 level had higher serum creatinine level,lower eGFR level,severer mesangial proliferation and renal interstitial fibrosis (P ＜ 0.05).There were 9 (31.03 ％) patients with negative C3 deposition in the kidney,and 20 (68.97％) patients with positive C3 deposition.Higher cholesterol,higher IgG levels,lower serum albumin,serum C 3 levels,lower eGFR level,severer glomerular sclerosis,inflammatory cell infiltration in renal interstitial,renal tubular atrophy,and renal interstitial fibrosis were associated with a higher grade of C3 deposition in the kidney (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There are different levels of complement activation in patients with HBV-GN.Local and systemic complement activation is associated with decreased renal function.Complement activation may be involved in the development of HBV-GN.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of complement activation in patients with HBV related glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN).Methods Biopsy-proven HBV-GN patients admitted in our hospital were retrospectively recruited.Decreased serum C3 level was defined as C3 ＜ 85 mg/dL.According to the serum C3 level,the patients were divided into the decreased serum C3 group and normal serum C3 group,and the pathological and clinical differences were compared between the two groups.According to the intensity of C3 deposition in the kidney,patients were divided into negative and positive group,and the pathological and clinical differences were compared.Results In this study,29 HBV-GN patients were recruited.There were 18 (62.07％) patients in the normal serum C3 group and 11 (37.93％) patients in the decreased serum C3 group.Compared with the patients with normal serum C3 level,patients with decreased serum C3 level had higher serum creatinine level,lower eGFR level,severer mesangial proliferation and renal interstitial fibrosis (P ＜ 0.05).There were 9 (31.03 ％) patients with negative C3 deposition in the kidney,and 20 (68.97％) patients with positive C3 deposition.Higher cholesterol,higher IgG levels,lower serum albumin,serum C 3 levels,lower eGFR level,severer glomerular sclerosis,inflammatory cell infiltration in renal interstitial,renal tubular atrophy,and renal interstitial fibrosis were associated with a higher grade of C3 deposition in the kidney (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There are different levels of complement activation in patients with HBV-GN.Local and systemic complement activation is associated with decreased renal function.Complement activation may be involved in the development of HBV-GN.

Humans ; Indium ; urine ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Spectrum Analysis ; methods

Objective To study clinical characters and prognosis of AIDS patients with opportunistic infections in Sichuan prov-ince .Methods We performed an retrospective analysis of 1 465 AIDS patients with opportunistic infections who were admitted into the transmitted disease hospital of Chengdu in recent 10 years .Results The overall mortality during hospitalization was 15 .49% . The leading cause of death was respiratory failure due to pneumonia (n=150 ,74 .62% ) or meningitis(n=47 ,23 .86% ) .Descending rank order of common opportunistic infections were respiratory tract ,the mouth swallows ,central nervous system ,gastrointestinal tract skin ,blood system .Descending rank order of common sites of infections were respiratory tract ,oropharynx ,central nervous system ,gastrointestinal tract skin ,reproductive tract .The multiple infections are common :more than 50% of patients suffering from two or more infections(50 .77% ) .Complexity of infection sites :42 .18% dual infection sites and 17 .20% three or more infec-tion sites .Conclusion The opportunistic infections disease spectrum of AIDS in Sichuan area has its own characteristics :multiple infections and multiple infections sites are both common ,death risks are high ,conditions of patients are severe generally ,and respir-atory failure is the main cause of death .

Adult ; Aged ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery