Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Due to the treatment intolerance and side effects, CRC rank the top among various cancers regarding the incidence and mortality rates. Therefore, exploring new therapies is of great significance for the treatment of CRC. Aerobic glycolysis(AEG) plays an important role in the microenvironment formation, proliferation, metastasis, and recurrence of CRC and other tumor cells. It has been confirmed that intervening in the AEG pathway can effectively curb CRC. The active ingredients and compound prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) can effectively inhibit the proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance and regulate the apoptosis of tumor cells by modulating AEG-associated transport proteins [eg, glucose transporters(GLUT)], key enzymes [hexokinase(HK) and phosphofructokinase(PFK)], key genes [hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1) and oncogene(c-Myc)], and signaling pathways(MET/PI3K/Akt/mTOR). Accordingly, they can treat CRC, reduce the recurrence, and improve the prognosis of CRC. Although AEG plays a key role in the development and progression of CRC, the specific mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Therefore, this article delves into the intrinsic connection of the targets and mechanisms of the AEG pathway with CRC from the perspective of tumor cell glycolysis and explores how active ingredients(oxymatrine, kaempferol, and dioscin) and compound prescriptions(Quxie Capsules, Jiedu Sangen Decoction, and Xianlian Jiedu Prescription) of TCM treat CRC by intervening in the AEG pathway. Additionally, this article explores the shortcomings in the current research, aiming to provide reliable targets and a theoretical basis for treating CRC with TCM.
Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Glycolysis/drug effects* ; Animals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Signal Transduction/drug effects*

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical efficacy of vancomycin-loaded antibiotic bone cement combined with induced membrane grafting for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers(DFU). METHODS: Totally 68 DFU patients treated with bone cement combined with induced membrane grafting from November 2019 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 37 males and 31 females, aged from 51 to 79 years old with an average of (63.63±7.85) years old;47 patients on the right side and 21 patients on the left side;28 patients with grade 2, 31 patients with were grade 3, and 9 patients with grade 4 according to Wagner's grades;the diameter of the wound ranged from 20.40 to 96.99 mm with an average of (59.67±23.26) mm. The time of wound healing, the number of operations, the survival of postoperative skin grafting, the number of postoperative recurrence and the rate of amputation were observed. RESULTS: All 68 patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months with an average of (15.06±2.12) months. The wound healing time ranged from 42 to 65 d with an average of (51.50±7.24) d, the numbers of operation ranged from 2 to 3 with an average of (2.25±0.44) times. All skin grafts were survived well after operation, without recurrence and amputation cases. CONCLUSION Vancomycin-containing antibiotic bone cement combined with induced membrane grafting is effective in treating DFU, and the operation is simple and reliable.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Vancomycin/therapeutic use* ; Bone Cements/therapeutic use* ; Aged ; Diabetic Foot/therapy* ; Skin Transplantation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Wound Healing/drug effects*

Objective: To recover broad-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (BnAbs) from avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection cases and investigate their genetic and functional features. Methods: We screened the Abs repertoires of expanded B cells circulating in the peripheral blood of H5N1 patients. The genetic basis, biological functions, and epitopes of the obtained BnAbs were assessed and modeled. Results: Two BnAbs, 2-12D5, and 3-37G7.1, were respectively obtained from two human H5N1 cases on days 12 and 21 after disease onset. Both Abs demonstrated cross-neutralizing and Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. Albeit derived from distinct Ab lineages, , V 1-69-D2-15-J 4 (2-12D5) and V 1-2-D3-9-J 5 (3-32G7.1), the BnAbs were directed toward CR6261-like epitopes in the HA stem, and HA I45 in the hydrophobic pocket was the critical residue for their binding. Signature motifs for binding with the HA stem, namely, IFY in V 1-69-encoded Abs and LXYFXW in D3-9-encoded Abs, were also observed in 2-12D5 and 3-32G7.1, respectively. Conclusions Cross-reactive B cells of different germline origins could be activated and re-circulated by avian influenza virus. The HA stem epitopes targeted by the BnAbs, and the two Ab-encoding genes usage implied the VH1-69 and D3-9 are the ideal candidates triggered by influenza virus for vaccine development.

Objective:To observe the effect of acupuncture in regulating ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP),and discuss the action of acupuncture in intervening heroin-induced brain damage.Methods:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into a control group,a model group and an acupuncture group by using the random number table.Rats in the model and acupuncture groups received intramuscular heroin injection for successive 8 d at a progressively increased dose.Afterwards,the injection was suspended for 5 d for withdrawal.The heroin relapse rat model was established by repeating the drug addiction and withdrawal process for 3 times.The control group followed the step of the model establishment,but was given intramuscular injection of normal saline at the stage of addiction and no intervention at the stage of withdrawal;the model group was given intramuscular heroin injection at a progressively increased dose at the addiction stage and no intervention at the withdrawal stage;the acupuncture group was dealt in the same way as the model group at the addiction stage,but received acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20) and Dazhui (GV 14) at the withdrawal stage,with the needles retained for 30 min each time,1 session a day,for successive 5 d.On the 39th day,brain tissues were extracted from the hippocampus and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the three groups of rats.The apoptosis of brain nerve cells was detected by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick and labeling (TUNEL).The mRNA and protein expressions of ubiquitin (Ub),ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) and 26S were examined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results:Compared with the model group,rat's hippocampus and VTA in the acupuncture group showed significantly fewer cells positively stained by TUNEL staining (P＜0.01),and its mRNA and protein expressions of Ub,E3,26S were significantly lower (P＜0.01).Conclusion:Reducing nerve cell apoptosis and regulating the mRNA and protein expressions of Ub,E3 and 26S in rat's hippocampus and VTA are possibly one of the action mechanisms of acupuncture in intervening heroin-induced brain damage.

The aim of this paper was to explore the effects and possible mechanisms in vitro of tea polyphenols (TP) delaying human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMCs) senescence induced by high glucose (HG). HGMCs were cultured in vitro and divided into the normal group (N, 5.5 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose), the mannitol group(MNT, 5.5 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose plus 24.5 mmol·L⁻¹ mannitol), the high dose of D-glucose group (HG, 30 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose), the low dose of TP group (L-TP, 30 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose plus 5 mg·L⁻¹ TP) and the high dose of TP group (H-TP, 30 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose plus 20 mg·L⁻¹ TP), which were cultured in 5% CO₂ at 37 °C, respectively. Firstly, the effects of TP on the cell morphology of HGMCs were observed after 72 h-intervention. Secondly, the cell cycle, the positive rate of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and the telomere length were detected, respectively. Finally, the protein expressions of p53, p21 and Rb in the p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway were investigated, respectively. And the expressions of p-STAT3 and miR-126 were examined severally. The results indicated that HG not only arrested the cell cycle in G₁ phase but also increased the positive rate of SA-β-gal staining, and shortened the telomere length. HG led to the protein over-expressions of p53, p21 and Rb and HGMCs senescence by activating the p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway. In addition, L-TP delayed HGMCs senescence by improving the cell cycle G₁ arrest, reducing SA-β-gal staining positive rate and lengthening the telomere length. L-TP reduced the protein over-expressions of p53, P21 and Rb induced by HG and inhibited the telomere-p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway. Moreover, the expression of p-STAT3 was increased and the expression of miR-126 was decreased in HGMCs induced by HG. L-TP reduced the expression of p-STAT3 and increased the expression of miR-126 in HGMCs. In conclusion, HG could induce HGMCs senescence by activating the telomere-p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway in vitro. L-TP could delay HGMCs senescence through regulating STAT3/miR-126 expressions and inhibiting the telomere-p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway activation. These findings could provide the effective interventions in clinic for preventing and treating renal cell senescence in diabetic kidney disease.
Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Senescence ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; Glucose ; Humans ; Mesangial Cells ; MicroRNAs ; Polyphenols ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Tea ; Telomere ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

To investigate the effect of patchouli alcohol on inhibiting Helicobater pylori urease activity, and its effect on expression levels of related genes, and lay the foundation for further research on the effect of patchouli alcohol on H. pylori colonization and infection. H. pyloriwas cultured and identified by gram staining, rapid urease test (RUT) and PCR method. Then agar dilution method was used to detect the bacterial survival after 1 h intervention by different concentrations of patchouli alcoholin the acidic (pH 5.3) and neutral (pH 7.0) conditions; berthelot method was used to detect urease activity and RT-qPCR method was used to detect the expression changes of ureA, ureB, ureE, ureH, ureI, and nixA related urease genes. The results showed that the survival rate of H. pyloriwas not significantly changed but the urease activity was obviously decreased after intervention by different concentrations of patchouli alcohol; meanwhile, the expression levels of ureA, ureB, ureE, ureH, ureI, and nixA were decreased to different degrees. Therefore, patchouli alcohol could inhibit H. pylori urease activity in both acidic and neutral conditions, and the mechanism may be related to down-regulation of urease gene expression.

AIM To investigate the improving effect of Suoquan Capsules (Linderae Radix,Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus and Dioscoreae Rhizoma) on mice with diabetic cystopathy and its mechanism of action.METHODS Sixty mice were randomly assigned into normal group (n =8) and model group (n =52);the diabetic models of the latter were induced by high-fat feeding combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection,then modeled mice (n =32) were randomly divided into model,Mecobalamin Tablets,low-and high-dose Suoquan Capsules groups.The influences of Suoquan Capsules on fasting blood glucose (FBG),glycated serum protein (GSP) level and general conditions were observed.The bladder leak point pressure (BLPP) was determined.Histopathological staining was performed on urinary bladder.And the expressions of substance P and NK1 receptor were detected by double immunofluorescent staining.RESULTS There were no significant differences in FBG,GSP,body weight,food intake and water consumption among various groups.The high-dose Suoquan Capsules significantly decreased urine volume of mice.Compared with the model group,the treatment with Suoquan Capsules markedly increased BLPP,the expressions of substance P and NK1 receptor were significantly increased,and the histopathology of bladder in mice was obviously improved.CONCLUSION Suoquan Capsules improves the diabetic cystopathy in mice,and its mechanism maybe related to the up-regulation of substance P and NK1 receptor expressions in bladder tissue.

OBJECTIVETo compare the short term curative effect of posterior open door laminoplasty between continuous placement of shaping plate and intermittent placement in treating multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

METHODSFrom January 2012 to March 2015, 43 patients with multi segment cervical spondylotic cervical were treated with posterior open door laminoplasty, 21 patients with continuous placement of shaping plate(continuous group), 22 patients with intermittent placement of shaping plate(intermittent group). Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, JOA score, VAS score, postoperative spinal sagittal diameter and cervical curvature, postoperative cervical activity, complications, hospitalization expenses etc. were observed.

RESULTSThe patients of two groups were followed up with an average of (23.2±8.1) months and (23.3±8.0) months in continuous group and intermittent group, respectively. There was no significant difference in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization time between two groups(>0.05). JOA and VAS scores of all patients at final follow up were obviously improved than preoperative(<0.05). Postoperative spinal sagittal diameter at 3 days and final follow up were obviously improved(<0.05), and there was no significant difference between postoperative at 3 days and final follow up(>0.05). Cervical activity of all patients at final follow up was decreased than preoperative(<0.05), but there was no significant difference between two groups(>0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative complication and there was significant difference in hospitalization expenses between two groups.

CONCLUSIONSPosterior open door laminoplasty with continuous or intermittent placement of shaping plate have similar clinical effects in ameliorating nerve function for the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopahty. However, the hospitalization expenses of intermittent group is obviously reduced, and the medical resources can be saved.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) from automobile exhaust on the reproductive function of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

METHODSForty-five male SD rats, weighing 80 - 94 g and aged 28 days, were randomly assigned to receive intra-tracheal administration of 0.9% normal saline (control group, n = 15), PM2. 5 at 2 μg per 100 g body weight per day (low-dose PM2.5 group, n = 15), and PM2.5 at 16 μg per 100 g body weight per day (high-dose PM2.5 group, n = 15), qd, for 60 successive days. After the last 24-hour exposure, 10 rats were taken from each group for copulation with normal female ones, while the others were sacrificed, their testes removed for sperm count and deformity, pathological examination, and determination of the Connexin43 expression.

RESULTSThe conception rate was significantly decreased in the low- and high-dose PM2.5 groups as compared with that of the control (70% and 50% vs 100%), and so were the sperm count and quality. The rats in the PM2.5-exposed groups showed significantly disordered histological structure of the seminiferous tubules, reduced sperm count in the testicular lumen, some exfoliated secondary spermatocytes, downregulated Connexin43 expression in the testis, and damaged blood-testis barrier.

CONCLUSIONLong-term exposure to PM2.5 from automobile exhaust damages the reproductive function of male SD rats.

Animals ; Blood-Testis Barrier ; Body Weight ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Fertilization ; Male ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Sperm Count ; Spermatocytes ; Testis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vehicle Emissions ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effects and prevent the complications of posterior and anterior decompression and internal fixation in the revision of cervical anterior internal fixation failure.

METHODSFrom 2008 January to 2011 December, 17 patients with cervical anterior internal fixation failure were treated with posterior and anterior decompression and internal fixation. There were 12 males and 5 females, aged from 26 to 68 years old with an average of 44.1 years. The lower screw loosening was found in 6 cases, the upper screw loosening in 5 cases, titanium mesh caving in 3 cases, the upper screw breakage in 2 cases, the lower screw breakage in 1 case. Informations of bone fusion were observed by X-ray, CT, MRI. Clinical effects were evaluated by modified JOA score.

RESULTSAll the revision operations were successfully completed. One case with poor blood coagulation function before operation resulted in postoperative hematoma and occurred neurological symptoms; after hematoma removal and fresh frozen plasma infusion later, neurological symptoms of the patient disappeared. All patients were followed up from 6 to 38 months with an average of (22.4±10.0) months. Postoperative at 2 weeks, 3 months, and final follow-up, JOA score had obviously improved and respectively was 13.1±1.6, 13.4±1.6, 14.2±1.5. All internal fixation locations were good after revision,and obtained bone fusion at 10 months after operation, with an average fusion time of 6 months.

CONCLUSIONThe combined posterior and anterior decompression and internal fixation in the revision of cervical anterior internal fixation failure is safe, can achieve thoroughly decompression, maintain the cervical curvature, reconstruct the three column stability, and it may be used for the patients of cervical anterior fixation failure.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged