AIM To study the chemical constituents from Vespa basalis(Smith)and their anti-inflammatory activity.METHODS Sephadex LH-20 gel and silica gel column chromatography were used for separation and purification,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The RAW264.7 cell model was utilized to assess its anti-inflammatory activity in vitro.RESULTS Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid(1),3-indolecarboxylic acid(2),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(3),phenylacetic acid(4),5α,8α-epidioxy-cholest-6-en-3β-ol(5),(2R,3S)-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-acetylamino-7-(N-acetyl-2″-aminethylene)-1,4-benzodioxane(6),(2R,3S)-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-acetylamino-6-(N-acetyl-2″-aminoethyl)-1,4-benzodioxane(7),N-acetyldopamine(8),p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid(9),(R)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethyl]acetamide(10),(±)-cryptamide A(11).Compounds 3,5-6 and 10 inhibited the release of nitric oxide(NO)from RAW264.7 cell in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION Compounds 1,2,and 5 are isolated from insects for the first time,while 6,7,10,and 11 are first isolated from the insects of Vespa genus.Compounds 3,5,6 and 10 have anti-inflammatory activity.

Cervical spinal cord injury without fracture-dislocation (CSCIWFD) is referred to as a special type of cervical spinal cord injury characterized by traumatic spinal cord dysfunction and no significant bony structural abnormalities on imagines. Duo to the high risk of missed diagnosis during the initial consultation, CSCIWFD may lead to progressive neurological deterioration or even complete paralysis, severely impacting patients′ prognosis. Currently, there are no established consensuses over the diagnosis and treatment of CSCIWFD, such as the lack of evidence-based standards for indications of non-surgical treatment and risk of secondary neurological injury, as well as debates over the optimal timing for surgical intervention and indications for different surgical approaches. To address these issues, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the relevant fields to formulate Diagnosis and treatment guideline for acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture- dislocation in adults ( version 2025) . Based on evidence-based medicine and the principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability, the guidelines proposed 11 recommendations covering terminology, diagnosis, evaluation treatment, and rehabilitation, etc., aiming to standardize the management of CSCIWFD.

Vertebral refracture following percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) is commonly seen in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures (OTLCF). It can lead to recurrent pain, loss of vertebral height, progression of kyphosis, and even neurological dysfunction, significantly impairing patients′ quality of life. Current diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges, including high misdiagnosis rate, difficulty in choosing between surgical and non-surgical treatment options, lack of standardized surgical protocols, interference from intralesional bone cement during procedures, inadequate stability of internal fixation in osteoporotic bone, and suboptimal compliance of anti-osteoporotic therapy. Establishing a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic framework is urgently needed. To standardize the management process and improve outcomes for vertebral refractures after PVA in elderly OTLCF patients, Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field to develop Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral refracture after percutaneous vertebral augmentation in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025), based on current literature and clinical experience, and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability. A total of 11 recommendations were proposed, encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of vertebral refracture after PVA in elderly patients with OTLCF, aiming to provide a foundation for a standardized management.

BACKGROUND: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies. However, it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people. METHODS: 19,194 participants aged ≥ 60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study. AIP was defined as log₁₀ (triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023. RESULTS: Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model: the low-level group (n = 7410, mean AIP: -0.25 to -0.17), the medium-level group (n = 9981, mean AIP: 0.02-0.08), and the high-level group (n = 1803, mean AIP: 0.38-0.42). During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years, a total of 1391 participants developed CHD. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with the participants in the low-level group, the HR with 95% CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24 (1.10-1.40) and 1.43 (1.19-1.73), respectively. These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly. This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Vespa basalis(Smith)and their anti-inflammatory activity.METHODS Sephadex LH-20 gel and silica gel column chromatography were used for separation and purification,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The RAW264.7 cell model was utilized to assess its anti-inflammatory activity in vitro.RESULTS Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid(1),3-indolecarboxylic acid(2),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(3),phenylacetic acid(4),5α,8α-epidioxy-cholest-6-en-3β-ol(5),(2R,3S)-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-acetylamino-7-(N-acetyl-2″-aminethylene)-1,4-benzodioxane(6),(2R,3S)-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-acetylamino-6-(N-acetyl-2″-aminoethyl)-1,4-benzodioxane(7),N-acetyldopamine(8),p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid(9),(R)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethyl]acetamide(10),(±)-cryptamide A(11).Compounds 3,5-6 and 10 inhibited the release of nitric oxide(NO)from RAW264.7 cell in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION Compounds 1,2,and 5 are isolated from insects for the first time,while 6,7,10,and 11 are first isolated from the insects of Vespa genus.Compounds 3,5,6 and 10 have anti-inflammatory activity.

Cervical spinal cord injury without fracture-dislocation (CSCIWFD) is referred to as a special type of cervical spinal cord injury characterized by traumatic spinal cord dysfunction and no significant bony structural abnormalities on imagines. Duo to the high risk of missed diagnosis during the initial consultation, CSCIWFD may lead to progressive neurological deterioration or even complete paralysis, severely impacting patients′ prognosis. Currently, there are no established consensuses over the diagnosis and treatment of CSCIWFD, such as the lack of evidence-based standards for indications of non-surgical treatment and risk of secondary neurological injury, as well as debates over the optimal timing for surgical intervention and indications for different surgical approaches. To address these issues, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the relevant fields to formulate Diagnosis and treatment guideline for acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture- dislocation in adults ( version 2025) . Based on evidence-based medicine and the principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability, the guidelines proposed 11 recommendations covering terminology, diagnosis, evaluation treatment, and rehabilitation, etc., aiming to standardize the management of CSCIWFD.

Vertebral refracture following percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) is commonly seen in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures (OTLCF). It can lead to recurrent pain, loss of vertebral height, progression of kyphosis, and even neurological dysfunction, significantly impairing patients′ quality of life. Current diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges, including high misdiagnosis rate, difficulty in choosing between surgical and non-surgical treatment options, lack of standardized surgical protocols, interference from intralesional bone cement during procedures, inadequate stability of internal fixation in osteoporotic bone, and suboptimal compliance of anti-osteoporotic therapy. Establishing a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic framework is urgently needed. To standardize the management process and improve outcomes for vertebral refractures after PVA in elderly OTLCF patients, Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field to develop Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral refracture after percutaneous vertebral augmentation in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025), based on current literature and clinical experience, and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability. A total of 11 recommendations were proposed, encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of vertebral refracture after PVA in elderly patients with OTLCF, aiming to provide a foundation for a standardized management.

Mycobacterium intracellular CHPC 1.5701 strain was isolated from the sputum specimen of the patient.This study attempted to establish a guinea pig infection model to evaluate its virulence,so as to provide basic scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of Mycobacterium intracellular infection.Mycobacterium intracellular CHPC 1.5701 was cultured in 7H10 medium.The morphology of the colony changed from colorless to light yellow smooth colony,and the acid-fast staining was positive.Mycobacterium intracellular suspension was diluted with 0.9％sodium chloride solution to 1 × 1010 CFU/mL,1×109 CFU/mL,1 × 108 CFU/mL,1 × 107 CFU/mL and 1 × 106 CFU/mL,respectively.Healthy Hartly guinea pigs with negative skin test of pure protein derivatives of tuberculin were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 10 guinea pigs in each group,half male and half female.Guinea pigs in the ex-perimental group were divided into 5 groups,which were intra-peritoneally injected with 5 different concentrations of 1.0 mL suspension/guinea pig,and those in the control group were in-traperitoneally injected with 0.9％sodium chloride solution 1.0 mL suspension/guinea pig.The guinea pigs was then observed,weighed every week,dissected 5 weeks later,lung,spleen and liver tissues were taken,and the tissue lesions were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,and the bacteria load was detected by tissue homogenate culture in 7H10 medium.The results showed that Mycobacterium intracellular challenge test had no significant effect on body weight of male guinea pigs(P＞0.05),but could reduce body weight of female guinea pigs(P＜0.01).No pathological changes of organ tissues were ob-served in guinea pigs in the control group,while HE staining of lung,spleen and liver tissues of guinea pigs in challenge experi-mental groups showed alveolar wall alveolar epithelial hyperplasia,monocyte infiltration in liver and spleen,granulomatous in-flammation and other pathological changes,and the degree of pathological changes was related to the injection dose of Mycobac-terium intracellular.Mycobacteria intracellular could be isolated from tissue culture of some organs,among which the spleen had a large amount of bacteria.Intrabitoneal injection of Mycobacteria intracellular CHPC 1.5701 can affect the body weight of female guinea pigs and cause lung,liver and spleen infection of guinea pigs,but no caseous necrosis of guinea pigs was ob-served.Compared with the reported data of Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence test,it is concluded that Mycobacterium in-tracellular has certain virulence to guinea pigs and belongs to low virulence and low pathogenicity bacteria...

Objective To design a hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance to meet the requirements for on-site hyperbaric oxygen treatment and transport of casualties.Methods A hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance was formed based on a YJ2080 wheeled armored vehicle,which had the components of a chamber,a gas source,an oxygen source,a control system and a power source.The chamber had a 3-layer composite structure,with a high-strength metal frame in the outer layer,a capsule made of polyurethane material bound with nylon pressure-resistant tape in the inner layer and a layer of thermal insulation material filled between the chamber and the vehicle;the gas source was composed of the oil-free air compressor,gas cylinder and pressure reducer;the oxygen source was made up of the 20 L oxygen generator,oxygen booster pump and 40 L oxygen cylinder;the control system involved in an EX2N-100HA series touch screen programmable logic controller(PLC)all-in-one(AIO);an ACD-15.0DR/48-H generator system was used as the power source.Results The hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance could stably control the chamber pressure when the therapeutic pressure was set as 1.3,1.6 and 1.8 ATA(1 ATA=0.1 MPa),the volume fraction of oxygen in the chamber could be limited within the required range under the low oxygen volume fraction mode and high oxygen volume fraction mode,and the emergency decompression time could be restrained within 60 s.Conclusion The hyperbaric oxygen chamber ambulance behaves well in maneuverability,and can be used for on-site hyperbaric oxygen treatment and transport of casualties.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(10):25-30]

Objective To explore the mechanism of ceruloplasmin(CP)in brain iron metabolism.Methods We obtained glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)-cre-mediated ceruloplasmin knockout mice(CPGFAP cKO mice)by crossing CPflox/flox micewithtransgenic GFAP-cre mice.Eighty-eight male mice aged 6 months were divided into four groups,WT,GFAP-cre,CPflox/flox and CPGFAP cKO.To observe whether astrocytic CP gene knockout specifically through genotype identification and immunofluorescent staining,and Western blotting method.The learning and memory function was detected by Morris water maze,brain iron levels in the cortex and hippocampus of mice were measured by inductively coupled plas mamass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and μ-probe X-ray fluorescence(μ-XRF),and iron contents in serum and liver were detected by iron kit.Results The mice of conditional knockout ceruloplasmin in astrocytes were obtained successfully by genotype identification,immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting method.The learning and memory ability was reduced in the water maze experiment,and iron contents decreased in the cortex and hippocampal regions of 6-month-old CPGFAP cKO group.While the level of serum iron and liver iron in the four groups did not change significantly.Conclusion The decline of learning and memory ability of mice with astrocytic CP gene knockout specifically is closely related to the decrease in brain iron.The main function of CP may be to help brain cells to absorb iron.