Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

Objective To investigate the impact of osteotomy mode on the callus morphology in the ex-tension area of tibial bone transfer and its efficacy.Methods The information of the patients with bone defect treated in 910 Hospital of Joint Logistics and Security Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army from May 2016 to June 2022 was collected.By comparing the general data of the patients with different osteotomy meth-ods(minimally invasive osteotomy group,subperiosteal osteotomy group and extraperiosteal osteotomy group),callus morphology in the extension area(sunken type,uniform type and protruding type),healing in-dex,Ilizarov Method Research and Application Society(ASAMI)bone healing and functional evaluation and other information,the curative effect differences of different osteotomy methods on tibial bone transfer were investigated.Results The incidence rate of sunken type of callus in the extension area was 15.8%in the mini-mally invasive osteotomy group,18.9%in the subperiosteal osteotomy group,and 14.3%in the extraperioste-al osteotomy group,with statistically significant differences among the three groups(P<0.05);in which,the incidence of sunken type of callus in the minimally invasive osteotomy group was lower than that in the subpe-riosteal osteotomy group(χ2=10.178,P=0.005),but there was no statistically significant difference when compared to the extraperiosteal osteotomy group(χ2=0.102,P=0.814),the difference betrrween the extra-periosteal osteotomy group and subperiosteal osteotomy group also had no statistical difference(χ2=0.084,P=0.772).The incidence rate of uniform type of callus in the minimally invasive osteotomy group was lower than that in the subperiosteal osteotomy group(χ2=6.579,P=0.013),but there was no statistically signifi-cant difference when compared to the extraperiosteal osteotomy group(χ2=0.443,P=0.506).The difference in the subperiosteal osteotomy group and extraperiosteal osteotomy group also had no statistically significant(χ2=2.602,P=0.107).The incidence rate of protruding type of callus in the minimally invasive osteotomy group was higher than that in the subperiosteal osteotomy group(χ2=9.795,P=0.002),and the incidence rate of protruding type of callus in the extraperiosteal osteotomy group was higher than that in the subperios-teal osteotomy group(χ2=5.170,P=0.023),however,there was no statistically significant difference be-tween the minimally invasive osteotomy group and the extraperiosteal osteotomy group(χ2=0.308,P=0.579).There were no statistically significant differences in healing index,ASAMI scores,contact point non-union,pin tract infection and refracture incidence rate rates among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Sub-periosteal osteotomy in the single plane tibial bone moving does not show the expected results in favor of the extension area mineralization,on the contrary,extraperiosteal osteotomy has the similar clinical efficacy to minimally invasive osteotomy.

Food,drug and environment related cases are becoming more and more frequent,and the demand for on-site rapid detection is also increasing.Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic activity,which have the advantages of high catalytic efficiency,good stability,economy,adjustability,multifunctionality and large-scale preparation.The colorimetric sensing technology based on nanozymes combined with smart phones has wide range of applications in the field of food,drugs and environment detection,and is expected to become an important means for relevant departments to combat crime.This paper summarized the progresses of nanozymes in the field of environmental,food and drug crime(EFDC)detection,focusing on the detection mechanism of different types of nanozymes and the current status of research on the detection of EFDC,and prospected the future development of nanozymes.The possible future prospects of machine learning(ML)in the field of nanozymes colorimetric sensing technology and the challenges in detection of EFDC were also discussed.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of returning, squeezing, patting and pulling orthopaedic manipulation combined with pelvic fabric tape fixation for the treatment of postpartum pubic symphysis separation.Methods:The clinical data of 80 patients with postpartum pubic symphysis separation from June 2015 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and all of them were given orthopaedic manipulative therapy using return squeezing and patting and pulling, once a week, for a total of 3 times. After the manipulative treatment, the patients were instructed to brake the pelvic fixation straps for not less than 8 h per day, and digital X-ray (DR) pelvic radiographs or ultrasound tests were performed before and after the treatment to measure the distance between the pubic symphysis. VAS scale was used to assess the degree of pain, and the Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) was used to assess the degree of dysfunction. The clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:After treatment of 80 patients, 6 showed significant improvement, 69 showed improvement, and 5 showed no improvement, with a total effective rate of 93.8%. Compared with before group, the inter-pubic symphysis distance [(15.09±3.10) mm, (12.01±4.36) mm, (9.64±0.30) mm, (8.18±1.56) mm vs. (19.35±1.08) mm, F=254.64] were significantly smaller at 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 1 month ( P<0.001); VAS scores (2.90±1.24, 1.29±0.88, 0.84±0.43, 0.56±0.32 vs. 6.11±2.93, F=122.60) were significantly lower than before treatment ( P<0.001); ODI (28.09±4.30, 22.01±4.95, 20.64±0.41, 14.18±1.36 vs. 45.43±4.01, F=734.17) were significantly reduced ( P<0.001). Conclusion:Returning, squeezing, patting and pulling orthopaedic manipulation combined with pelvic fabric tape fixation can quickly restore the separation distance of the pubic symphysis, reduce local pain and improve lumbosacral function.

Objective Under the background of national centralized procurement,to understand the problems and needs faced by nurses in the drug identification process,and to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention measures.Methods Nurses from a tertiary hospital in Hubei province were selected as interviewees using purposive sampling from June to September in 2024.Semi-structured interviews method were conducted with the respondents on a one-on-one basis,and the interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis method.Results The experience of nurses in drug identification could be summarized into two themes:increased risk of drug identification errors,and bearing complex psychological burdens.The demands of nurses for drug identification could be summarized into three themes:enhancing the ability of safe identification;innovation-driven drug identification management;and optimizing the environment for medication safety.Conclusion Under the background of centralized procurement,the update pace of clinically used drugs has accelerated,which has increased the difficulty for nurses in identifying drugs,and there is a negative psychological experience during the drug identification.Nursing managers should pay attention to the experiences and needs of nurses,and start from multiple dimensions such as theoretical knowledge training,improvement of professional ethics,innovation driven drug identification and management,and optimization of drug safety environment,to help clinical nurses obtain positive experiences in drug identification,reduce the risk of drug identification errors,and enhance the safety guarantee of drug identification.

Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) have emerged as a promising modality in precision oncology, enabling targeted delivery of cytotoxic payloads while minimizing off-target toxicity. The integration of covalent warheads, such as those based on sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) chemistry, enhances drug-target residence time and tumor accumulation. However, existing screening methods for covalent peptide (CP) libraries require post-translational warhead conjugation, limiting throughput. Here, we present an integrated mRNA display platform that incorporates covalent warheads during ribosomal synthesis, enabling efficient screening of ultra-diverse covalent macrocyclic peptide libraries (>10¹³ variants). This approach, using site-specific incorporation of N-chloroacetyl-d-phenylalanine and fluorosulfate-l-tyrosine, accelerated the discovery of irreversibly binding (K _i = 3.58 μmol/L) Nectin-4-targeting peptide CP-N1-N₃ via proximity-triggered SuFEx. The peptide was further conjugated to cytotoxic payloads, yielding the covalent PDC CP-N1-MMAE with potent cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ ≈ 43 nmol/L) against MDA-MB-468 cells. This platform establishes a new paradigm for precision covalent drug discovery.

Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death modality discovered and defined in the last decade, is primarily induced by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. At present, it has been found that ferroptosis is involved in various physiological functions such as immune regulation, growth and development, aging, and tumor suppression. Especially its role in tumor biology has attracted extensive attention and research. Breast cancer is one of the most common female tumors, characterized by high heterogeneity and complex genetic background. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a special type of breast cancer, which lacks conventional breast cancer treatment targets and is prone to drug resistance to existing chemotherapy drugs and has a low cure rate after progression and metastasis. There is an urgent need to find new targets or develop new drugs. With the increase of studies on promoting ferroptosis in breast cancer, it has gradually attracted attention as a treatment strategy for breast cancer. Some studies have found that certain compounds and natural products can act on TNBC, promote their ferroptosis, inhibit cancer cells proliferation, enhance sensitivity to radiotherapy, and improve resistance to chemotherapy drugs. To promote the study of ferroptosis in TNBC, this article summarized and reviewed the compounds and natural products that induce ferroptosis in TNBC and their mechanisms of action. We started with the exploration of the pathways of ferroptosis, with particular attention to the System X_c^--cystine-GPX4 pathway and iron metabolism. Then, a series of compounds, including sulfasalazine (SAS), metformin, and statins, were described in terms of how they interact with cells to deplete glutathione (GSH), thereby inhibiting the activity of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and preventing the production of lipid peroxidases. The disruption of the cellular defense against oxidative stress ultimately results in the death of TNBC cells. We have also our focus to the realm of natural products, exploring the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine extracts for TNBC. These herbal extracts exhibit multi-target effects and good safety, and have shown promising capabilities in inducing ferroptosis in TNBC cells. We believe that further exploration and characterization of these natural compounds could lead to the development of a new generation of cancer therapeutics. In addition to traditional chemotherapy, we discussed the role of drug delivery systems in enhancing the efficacy and reducing the toxicity of ferroptosis inducers. Nanoparticles such as exosomes and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can improve the solubility and bioavailability of these compounds, thereby expanding their therapeutic potential while minimizing systemic side effects. Although preclinical data on ferroptosis inducers are relatively robust, their translation into clinical practice remains in its early stages. We also emphasize the urgent need for more in-depth and comprehensive research to understand the complex mechanisms of ferroptosis in TNBC. This is crucial for the rational design and development of clinical trials, as well as for leveraging ferroptosis to improve patient outcomes. Hoping the above summarize and review could provide references for the research and development of lead compounds for the treatment for TNBC.

Objective To explore the relationship between peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)copy number and urinary microalbumin(MAlb)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods 87 patients with T2DM from the Endocrinology Department of East Hospital of Tongji University were selected based on inclusion criteria.According to urinary MAlb levels,patients were divided into T2DM group(MAlb＜30 mg/L)and MAlb group(MAlb＞30 mg/L).General patient information was collected,and clinical indicators such as blood glucose,lipid profile,glycated hemoglobin and insulin were measured.Peripheral blood mtDNA was extracted and the copy number was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for albuminuria.Results Compared with T2DM group,DM duration,serum creatinine,serum uric acid and copy number of mtDNA in MAlb group increased(P＜0.05),while high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased(P＜0.05).Logistic analysis showed that the copy number of mtDNA was the influencing factor of MAlb in T2DM patients.Conclusions The peripheral blood mtDNA copy number in T2DM patients is positively correlated with urinary microalbumin,thus providing a potential target for early detection of DKD.

The integration of science and education is not only an important strategy for promoting social progress and technological development,but also a modern form of higher education aiming at cultivating innovative talents.Conducting scientific research training for undergraduate medical students is one of the important ways to cultivate their innovative abilities and comprehensive qualities.Our team proposed a"teaching,science,and ideology trinity"teaching model to comprehensively cultivate students' scientific research comprehensive abilities under the value orientation of ideological and political education by or-ganically integrating molecular biology experimental teaching with the scientific research training of under-graduate medical students.In this teaching activity,taking the experiment of gene polymorphism as an example,our team selected students with research potential from the whole grade and divided them into 4 project groups that were instructed by 4 teachers.The students were trained in the whole process of scien-tific research,including topic selection,project writing,experimental designing,application for research ethics,and project summary.Our team has always adhered to student-contentedness of educational con-cepts to stimulate students' intrinsic motivation throughout the teaching process.Students are the design-ers and implementers of the project,and teachers are only guides and promoters of learning.After this training,students not only became familiar with the writing and implementation of scientific research pro-jects,but also improved their literature reading,experimental designing,experimental skills,and prob-lem-solving abilities.More importantly,this teaching activity also cultivated students' awareness of re-search ethics and academic moral standards.

The integration of science and education is not only an important strategy for promoting social progress and technological development,but also a modern form of higher education aiming at cultivating innovative talents.Conducting scientific research training for undergraduate medical students is one of the important ways to cultivate their innovative abilities and comprehensive qualities.Our team proposed a"teaching,science,and ideology trinity"teaching model to comprehensively cultivate students' scientific research comprehensive abilities under the value orientation of ideological and political education by or-ganically integrating molecular biology experimental teaching with the scientific research training of under-graduate medical students.In this teaching activity,taking the experiment of gene polymorphism as an example,our team selected students with research potential from the whole grade and divided them into 4 project groups that were instructed by 4 teachers.The students were trained in the whole process of scien-tific research,including topic selection,project writing,experimental designing,application for research ethics,and project summary.Our team has always adhered to student-contentedness of educational con-cepts to stimulate students' intrinsic motivation throughout the teaching process.Students are the design-ers and implementers of the project,and teachers are only guides and promoters of learning.After this training,students not only became familiar with the writing and implementation of scientific research pro-jects,but also improved their literature reading,experimental designing,experimental skills,and prob-lem-solving abilities.More importantly,this teaching activity also cultivated students' awareness of re-search ethics and academic moral standards.