Objective:To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of parthanatos death in neonatal SD rats with bilirubin encephalopathy(BE).Methods:Eighty 3-day-old neonatal SD rats were selected and randomly divided into control group and BE group.The BE model was established by intraperitoneal injection of bilirubin solution,and the pathological changes in the hippocampus were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and Nissl staining.The protein expressions of the phosphorylation of the core histone protein H2AX(termed gamma H2AX),poly ADP-ribose polymerasw-1(PARP-1)and apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)in hippocampus were detected by Western blot.Immuno-fluorescence staining was used to detect the expression and distribution of AIF in hippocampus.Results:Compared with the control group,neonatal SD rats developed jaundice 12 hours after bilirubin injection,accompanied by slow weight gain.HE staining and Nissl staining showed that the hippocampus in BE group were damaged and the content of Nissl bodies was decreased.Western blot results showed that the expression of γ-H2AX protein in hippocampus began to increase at 72 h after modeling(P＜0.05),and the levels of PARP-1 and AIF protein in hippocampus increased signif-icantly at 72 h after modeling(P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence staining showed increased AIF expression and nuclear translocation.Conclusion:Intraperitoneal injection of bilirubin can induce DNA damage in hippocampal neurons of neonatal SD rats and activate the PARP-1/AIF pathway to cause parthanatos death of hippocampal neurons.

This study is to explore the antibiofilm activity of tirapazamine(TPZ)against Salmonella and the mechanism of inhibiting biofilm formation.In this study,crystal violet staining was used to determine the effect of TPZ on the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration(MBIC)of Salmonel-la and on the development stage of Salmonella biofilm.The effects of TPZ on bacteria and biofilm of Salmonella were observed by scanning electron microscope and fluorescence microscope.Phe-nol-sulfuric acid method,spectrophotometer and BCA method were used to detect the effects of the bacteria on the content of main extracellular matrix of Salmonella.The autocoagulation and hydro-phobicity of Salmonella were measured and their effects on the cell wall of Salmonella were meas-ured by AKP method.The result showed that the MBIC value of TPZ on Salmonella ATCC 14028 was 1.563 μmol/L,it had destructive effects on both Salmonella bacteria and mature biofilm structure,it inhibited the formation of early Salmonella biofilm in a concentration-dependent manner,and inhibited the synthesis and secretion of extracellular polymers in Salmonella biofilm.The autoagglutination ability,hydrophobicity and cell wall integrity of Salmonella were affected.To sum up,the TPZ may inhibit the formation of a large number of Salmonella biofilms in the early stage of biofilm development by affecting the extracellular polymer and cell agglutination a-bility,which is expected to be a potential candidate drug against biofilm infection and provide a new idea for finding alternative antibiotics.

Objective To investigate the impacts of long non coding RNA(LncRNA)-PH domain containing 5 antisense RNA 1(FGD5-AS1)on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of colorectal cancer(CRC)cells by regulating the miR-299-5p/recombinant lysine specific demethylase 4B(KDM4B)axis.Methods The expressions of LncRNA FGD5-AS1,miR-299-5p,and KDM4B were detected by qRT-PCR in the surgically resected CRC tissues and adjacent tissues of 34 CRC patients CRC cells HCT116 were separated into si-NC group,si-FGD5-AS1 group,si-FGD5-AS1+inhibitor NC group,and si-FGD5-AS1+miR-299-5p inhibitor group.The levels of mRNA in each group were detected.CCK8,scratch assay,and Transwell assay were ap[plied to detect the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HCT116 cells in each group.Western blot was applied to detect the expression of proteins.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified the interaction mechanism between LncRNA FGD5-AS1 and miR-299-5p,and between miR-299-5p and KDM4B.Results LncRNA FGD5-AS1 and KDM4B were highly expressed in CRC tissue,while miR-299-5p was low expressed in CRC tissue(P＜0.05).The expression of LncRNA FGD5-AS1 mRNA,KDM4B mRNA,OD450,scratch healing rate,invasion number,PCNA,MMP-2,MMP-9,KDM4B in the si-FGD5-AS1 group were lower than those in the si-NC group,the expression of miR-299-5p mRNA was higher than that in the si-NC group(P＜0.05).Compared with the si-FGD5-AS1 group and si-FGD5-AS1+inhibitor NC group,the expression of miR-299-5p in the si-FGD5-AS1+miR-299-5p inhibitor group decreased(P＜0.05),the KDM4B mRNA,OD450,scratch healing rate,number of invasions,and expression of PCNA,MMP-2,MMP-9,KDM4B increased(P＜0.05).LncRNA FGD5-AS1 targeted negative regulation of miR-299-5p,while miR-299-5p targeted negative regulation of KDM4B.Conclusion Knocking down LncRNA FGD5-AS1 may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of CRC cells,and its mechanism may be achieved by regulating the miR-299-5p/KDM4B signaling axis.

Alzheimer′s disease (AD) is a major public health challenge with no curative treatment at present and has become the fifth leading cause of death for urban and rural residents in China. Although diagnostic technology has made significant progress in recent years, precise identification of AD still faces certain limitations and challenges due to its heterogeneity and complex pathogenesis. It is possible to shift the paradigm and focus on the key "window" of the early stage of AD dementia to achieve breakthroughs. This article is based on MIND-CHINA (randomized controlled Multimodal INterventions to delay Dementia and disability in rural China) to discuss the etiology, prediction, risk-factors assessment, diagnosis, and intervention research of AD, in order to develop AD prediction and prevention strategies that are in line with China′s national conditions, and make a multi-perspective analysis of the current limitations and challenges on AD diagnosis and prevention to promote the future of precision medicine for AD.

Objective:To evaluate the early-to-mid-term efficacy of supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) in the treatment of traumatic ankle arthritis secondary to peri-ankle fracture.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 29 patients who had been treated for traumatic ankle arthritis secondary to old peri-ankle fracture by SMO from March 2018 to March 2023 at Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. There were 14 males and 15 females, 39.0 (25.0, 49.0) years in age. Types of old fracture: 4 lower tibiofibular fractures, 19 ankle fractures, and 6 pilon fractures. Surgery was conducted for 16 cases and conservative treatment for the remaining 13 cases. The interval between the old fracture and the current surgery was 10.0 (2.0, 19.5) years. The clinical efficacy was evaluated using the ankle-hindfoot score of American Association of Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS), foot function index (FFI), and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score. Imaging analysis was conducted and imaging comparisons were made between pre-surgery and post-surgery in terms of tibial anterior surface (TAS) angle, tibial lateral surface (TLS) angle, talar tilt (TT) angle, and changes in modified Takakura staging. Complications were recorded. Surgical satisfaction was investigated at the final follow-up.Results:The 29 patients were followed up for 17.0 (14.0, 23.5) months. The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score [(84.2±9.6) points], FFI [7.0 (3.0, 10.9) points], VAS pain score [2.0 (1.0, 3.0) points], and TAS angle [90.84° (86.70°, 92.50°)] at the final follow-up for all patients were significantly better than the pre-surgery values [(68.0±16.7) points, 20.9 (6.1, 29.1) points, 5.0 (2.0, 8.0) points, and 78.63° (74.30°, 85.00°)] (all P<0.05). At the final follow-up, the ankle arthritis grading did not show any significant change ( P>0.05) and there were no significant differences in TT angle or TLS angle between pre-surgery and post-surgery ( P>0.05). Incision failed to heal in 1 case, incision healing was delayed in 3 cases, and ankle arthritis progressed on imaging in 6 cases. As for patient self-assessed satisfaction, 23 cases felt very satisfactory, 4 cases quite satisfactory, and 2 cases common, giving an overall satisfaction rate of 93.1% (27/29). Conclusions:SMO has led to good early-to-mid-term efficacy in the treatment of traumatic ankle arthritis secondary to peri-ankle fracture, showing obvious pain relief and functional improvement after correction of the ankle joint alignment, limited postoperative complactions and a high rate of patient satisfaction.

This study is to explore the antibiofilm activity of tirapazamine(TPZ)against Salmonella and the mechanism of inhibiting biofilm formation.In this study,crystal violet staining was used to determine the effect of TPZ on the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration(MBIC)of Salmonel-la and on the development stage of Salmonella biofilm.The effects of TPZ on bacteria and biofilm of Salmonella were observed by scanning electron microscope and fluorescence microscope.Phe-nol-sulfuric acid method,spectrophotometer and BCA method were used to detect the effects of the bacteria on the content of main extracellular matrix of Salmonella.The autocoagulation and hydro-phobicity of Salmonella were measured and their effects on the cell wall of Salmonella were meas-ured by AKP method.The result showed that the MBIC value of TPZ on Salmonella ATCC 14028 was 1.563 μmol/L,it had destructive effects on both Salmonella bacteria and mature biofilm structure,it inhibited the formation of early Salmonella biofilm in a concentration-dependent manner,and inhibited the synthesis and secretion of extracellular polymers in Salmonella biofilm.The autoagglutination ability,hydrophobicity and cell wall integrity of Salmonella were affected.To sum up,the TPZ may inhibit the formation of a large number of Salmonella biofilms in the early stage of biofilm development by affecting the extracellular polymer and cell agglutination a-bility,which is expected to be a potential candidate drug against biofilm infection and provide a new idea for finding alternative antibiotics.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of anterolateral thigh free fat flap (hereinafter referred to as fat flap) transplantation with vascular anastomosis for reconstructing facial depressed scars.Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. Twelve patients (5 males and 7 females, aged 15-67 years) with facial depressed scars who met the inclusion criteria were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from June 2017 to September 2023. Before surgery, the patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) was used to evaluate the facial scar condition of the patients. Scar depression area was measured ranging from 5 cm×4 cm to 14 cm×7 cm, with a depth from 6 to 12 mm. All cases were reconstructed with fat flaps. The harvested fat flaps ranged 6 cm×5 cm to 15 cm×8 cm in size, with vascular pedicle lengths ranging from 4 to 7 cm. Intraoperatively, the number of perforator vessels observed was as follows: 1 perforator in 2 cases, 2 perforators in 7 cases, and 3 perforators in 3 cases. Fat flaps were transplanted to the recipient sites, with the main trunks of its perforator vessels and accompanying veins anastomosed to the recipient arteries and veins. Donor site wounds were closed primarily. Postoperatively, the survival of fat flap, vascular crisis, and the healing of donor site incision were observed. During follow-up, the facial contour was observed, the long-term reintervention at recipient sites was recorded, and the scars formed at both donor and recipient incisions were observed. The function of donor limb was assessed. At the last follow-up, the scar condition at recipient site was evaluated using the two subscales of POSAS (the observer scale and the patient self-rating scale), respectively.Results:One patient developed a mild hematoma due to bleeding within 24 hours after surgery. After timely removal of the hematoma and enhanced drainage, the fat flap survived. The fat flaps of the other patients survived completely with no vascular crisis occurred. The donor site incision of 1 patient developed infection 7 days after surgery and healed after timely dressing changes, while the donor site incisions of the remaining patients all healed smoothly. During the follow-up of 6-26 months, significant improvement in facial symmetry was observed in all patients, with natural fullness achieved. Autologous microlipofilling was performed in 2 patients at 6 months and 10 months postoperatively, respectively. Local liposuction contouring was conducted in 1 patient at 12 months postoperatively. The scars at the donor and recipient sites were mild. No functional impairment at donor sites was recorded, and the motor and sensory functions of the affected limbs were normal. At the last follow-up, the observer scale assessment showed that the scores for vascularity, thickness, roughness, pliability, pigmentation, and overall assessment of the scars in the recipient areas were 2.1±0.5, 1.9±0.7, 3.0±0.7, 2.1±1.2, 3.8±1.1, and 2.8±0.5, respectively, which were significantly lower than 4.2±0.9, 5.1±1.0, 4.2±1.5, 4.6±1.4, 4.8±1.2, and 5.2±1.0 before surgery (with t values of 7.24, 11.70, 4.31, 9.57, 4.17, and 9.30, respectively, P<0.05). The patient self-rating scale assessment showed that the scores for pain, pruritus, color, stiffness, irregularity, thickness, and overall satisfaction of the scars in the recipient areas were 1.3±0.5, 1.3±0.4, 1.9±1.0, 2.3±1.1, 1.8±0.8, 1.9±0.8, and 1.9±0.7, respectively, which were significantly lower than 2.9±1.0, 2.6±0.9, 4.2±1.5, 5.3±2.0, 4.0±1.2, 4.6±1.3, and 4.8±1.4 before surgery (with t values of 6.09, 5.20, 8.07, 9.17, 8.00, 8.60, and 8.81, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions:Transplantation of the fat flaps with vascular anastomosis can safely and effectively reconstruct facial depressed scars, and significantly improve the aesthetic contour and scar-related symptoms. This technique yields stable long-term outcomes with high patient satisfaction, demonstrating high value of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the impacts of long non coding RNA(LncRNA)-PH domain containing 5 antisense RNA 1(FGD5-AS1)on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of colorectal cancer(CRC)cells by regulating the miR-299-5p/recombinant lysine specific demethylase 4B(KDM4B)axis.Methods The expressions of LncRNA FGD5-AS1,miR-299-5p,and KDM4B were detected by qRT-PCR in the surgically resected CRC tissues and adjacent tissues of 34 CRC patients CRC cells HCT116 were separated into si-NC group,si-FGD5-AS1 group,si-FGD5-AS1+inhibitor NC group,and si-FGD5-AS1+miR-299-5p inhibitor group.The levels of mRNA in each group were detected.CCK8,scratch assay,and Transwell assay were ap[plied to detect the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HCT116 cells in each group.Western blot was applied to detect the expression of proteins.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified the interaction mechanism between LncRNA FGD5-AS1 and miR-299-5p,and between miR-299-5p and KDM4B.Results LncRNA FGD5-AS1 and KDM4B were highly expressed in CRC tissue,while miR-299-5p was low expressed in CRC tissue(P＜0.05).The expression of LncRNA FGD5-AS1 mRNA,KDM4B mRNA,OD450,scratch healing rate,invasion number,PCNA,MMP-2,MMP-9,KDM4B in the si-FGD5-AS1 group were lower than those in the si-NC group,the expression of miR-299-5p mRNA was higher than that in the si-NC group(P＜0.05).Compared with the si-FGD5-AS1 group and si-FGD5-AS1+inhibitor NC group,the expression of miR-299-5p in the si-FGD5-AS1+miR-299-5p inhibitor group decreased(P＜0.05),the KDM4B mRNA,OD450,scratch healing rate,number of invasions,and expression of PCNA,MMP-2,MMP-9,KDM4B increased(P＜0.05).LncRNA FGD5-AS1 targeted negative regulation of miR-299-5p,while miR-299-5p targeted negative regulation of KDM4B.Conclusion Knocking down LncRNA FGD5-AS1 may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of CRC cells,and its mechanism may be achieved by regulating the miR-299-5p/KDM4B signaling axis.

Objective To assess the situation and influencing factors of occupational burnout among the staff at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Sichuan Province. Methods A total of 1 038 CDC staff members in Sichuan Province were selected as the study subjects using the stratified random sampling method. Occupational burnout of the staff was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey via an online questionnaire. Results The detection rate of occupational burnout was 42.3% (439/1 038). Binary logistic regression analysis result showed that, after controlling for confounding factors such as education level and alcohol consumption, CDC staffs aged at 20-<31, 31-<41, and 41-<51 years were at higher risk of occupational burnout compared with those ≥51 years (all P<0.05). CDC staffs with 5-<10 or ≥10 years of service had higher occupational burnout risk compared with those with <5 years (both P<0.05). CDC staffs with poor or fair health status, irregular diet, and poor sleep quality had higher risk of occupational burnout compared with those healthy, have regular diet, and good sleep quality (all P<0.05). The risk of occupational burnout increased with higher overtime frequency (all P<0.05). Conclusion Occupational burnout among CDC staffs in Sichuan Province is relatively high. Age, years of service, health status, diet, sleep quality, and overtime frequency are key influencing factors.

Objective In this preliminary survey,we sought to determine the composition of mosquito species inhabiting the Emeifeng Nature Reserve,Fujian Province,China.Methods Mosquito larvae were collected by straw and spoon trapping,and adult mosquitoes were collected by lamp trapping at selected breeding sites in the reserve.The specimens were initially identified based on morphology,with subsequent verification using molecular biology methods.Results A total of 34 mosquito species in 13 genera were collected,among which,there were 4 species of Anopheles(Genus Anopheles Meigen,1818),2 species of Lutzia(Genus Lutzia Theobald,1903),15 species of Culex(Genus Culex Linnaeus,1758),4 species of Stegomyia(Genus Stegomyia Theobald,1901),and single species of Hulecoeteomyia(Genus Hulecoeteomyia Theobald,1904),Luius(Genus Luius Reinert,Harbach et Kitching,2008),Aedes(Genus Aedes Meigen,1818),Downsiomyia(Genus Downsiomyia Vargas,1950),Collessius(Genus Collessius Reinert,Harbach et kitching,2006),Uranotaenia(Genus Uranotaenia Lynch 1891),Armigeres(Genus Armigeres Theobald,1901),Toxorhynchites(Genus Toxorhynchites Theobald,1901),and pestle mosquito(Genus Tripteroides Giles,1904).Conclusions The species composition of mosquitoes sampled in the Emeifeng Nature Reserve will provide a basis for further research on mosquito vectors and contribute to measures for local mosquito control.