Objective To construct type Ⅰ collagen gels with different stiffness and to investigate the effects of three-dimensional(3D)culture environments of the gels on the morphology,free migration ability,and cell killing function of natural killer(NK)cells.Methods Type Ⅰ collagen was isolated from the tails of Sprague Dawley(SD)rats and collagen gels with different levels of stiffnesses were prepared accordingly.The microstructure of the collagen gels was observed by laser confocal microscopy.The stiffness of the collagen gels was assessed by measuring the plateau modulus with a rheometer.NK-92MI cells were cultured in collagen gels with different levels of stiffness.The morphology of NK-92MI cells was observed by inverted microscope.High content imaging system was used to record the free migration process of NK-92MI cells and analyze the migration speed and distance.NK-92MI cells were cultured with type Ⅰcollagen gels with different levels of stiffness for 24 h and 48 h and,then,co-cultured with human colorectal DLD-1,a human adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line.CCK8 assay was performed to determine the proliferation rate of DLD-1 cells and analyze the cell killing ability of NK-92MI cells.Results Low-stiffness type Ⅰ collagen gel and high-stiffness type Ⅰcollagen gel with the respective stiffness of(10.970±2.10)Pa and(114.50±3.40)Pa were successfully prepared.Compared with those cultured with the low-stiffness type Ⅰ collagen gel,the NK-92MI cells in the high-stiffness type Ⅰ collagen gel showed a more elongated shape(P<0.05),the mean area of the cells was reduced([69.88±26.97]μm2 vs.[46.59±21.62]μm2,P<0.05),the roundness of the cells decreased(0.82±0.12 vs.0.78±0.18,P<0.05),cell migration speed decreased([2.50±0.91]μm/min vs.[1.70±0.72]μm/min,P<0.001)and the migration distance was shortened([147.10±53.74]μm vs.[98.03±40.95]μm,P<0.0001),with all the differences being statistically significant.Compared with those cultured with the low-stiffness type Ⅰ collagen gel,NK-92MI cells cultured with high-stiffness type Ⅰ collagen gel for 24 h could promote DLD-1 cell proliferation,with the proliferation rate being(46.39±12.79)%vs.(65.87±4.45)%(P<0.05)and reduce the cell killing ability.Comparison of the cells cultured for 48 h led to similar results,with the proliferation rates being(31.36±2.88)%vs.(74.57±2.16)%(P<0.05),and the differences were all statistically significant.Conclusion The 3D culture environment of type Ⅰ collagen gels with different levels of stiffness alters the morphology,migration ability,and killing function of NK-92MI cells.This study provides the research basis for exploring and understanding the mechanisms by which the biomechanical microenvironment affects the immune response of NK cells,as well as laying the theoretical foundation for optimizing immunotherapy protocols.

Objective To explore the differential expression of the key microfilament cytoskeleton-binding proteins in immature dendritic cells(imDCs)during antigen phagocytosis.Methods Monocytes(MOs)were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy individuals and cultured with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor(rhGM-CSF)and recombinant human interleukin-4(rhIL-4)for 6 days to obtain imDCs.ImDCs were co-cultured with low molecular weight(40 kDa)and high molecular weight(150 kDa)dextrans for 1,3 and 6 hours,respectively.Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of imDCs phagocytosing dextran and the expression of immunophenotype molecules.The localization of filamentous actin(F-actin),PFN1,WASP,and α-actinin in cells were observed by immunofluorescence imaging.The differential expression of MCBPs at the mRNA and protein levels were respectively detected by q-PCR and Western blotting.Finally,the MCBPs with the highest component coefficients were identified based on the stepwise regression and principal component analysis method in systems biology algorithms.Results During the process of antigen phagocytosis,imDCs phagocytized low molecular weight antigens at a faster rate,with a phagocytic duration of approximately three hours.Their cell phenotypes and morphology gradually differentiated into mDCs,and F-actin remodeling was occurred significantly.The expression of MCBPs such as PFN1,CDM,WASP,CAPZB,Filamin A,α-actinin were downregulated,while the expression of WAVE1,Arp2/3 complex,and Fascin were upregulated.The mRNA expression of signaling protein Rac1 was upregulated,while the mRNA expressions of CDC42 and RhoA were downregulated.The immunofluorescence results showed that PFN1,WASP,and α-actinin were transposed during the antigen phagocytosis process of imDCs.The results of stepwise regression and principal component analysis showed that PFN1 had the highest component coefficient.Conclusions PFN1 may be a key MCBPs involved in the process of antigen phagocytosis of imDCs,which is of great significance for further understanding the relationship between changes in the cytoskeleton structure of imDCs and their immunological functions.

Objective To retrospectively analyze of factors influencing early preterm birth(EPB)and late preterm birth(LPB)in pregnancy women with placenta previa complicated by placenta accreta spectrum disorders(PAS),and assess maternal and infant outcomes.Methods We included 590 cases of pregnancy women with placenta previa complicated by PAS who underwent cesarean sections at five hospitals in Wuhan and Xianning cities between January 2018 and June 2021.These patients were divided into three groups based on delivery gesta-tional age:EPB,LPB,and term birth(TB).A multiple logistic regression model was employed to analyze the risk factors associated with EPB and LPB.Additionally,differences in early maternal and infant outcomes among these groups were examined.Results Among 590 pregnancy women with placenta previa complicated by PAS,the proportions of EPB and LPB were 9.7%and 54.4%.The use of uterine contraction inhibitors prior to cesarean section,vaginal bleeding,and previous cesarean sections history were identified as risk factors for both EPB and LPB.The proportion of severe postpartum hemorrhage was comparable between the EPB group and the LPB group;however,the incidence of neonatal asphyxia,low birth weight infants,and the rate of newborns transferred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU)within 24 hours after cesarean delivery were significantly higher in the EPB group compared to the LPB group.Conclusions Placenta previa complicated by PAS predominantly leads to LPB.The history of prior cesarean sections,uterine contractions,and vaginal bleeding prior to cesarean section,are sig-nificantly associated with both EPB and LPB.During the perinatal period,efforts should be made to extend gesta-tional weeks under close monitoring to minimize the incidence of premature births and thereby improve early mater-nal and infant outcomes.

Objective:To understand the clinical characteristics of risperidone-induced rhabdomyolysis (RM).Methods:Risperidone-related RM case reports were collected by searching relevant databases at home and abroad as of February 2021, and the patients′ general conditions, disease conditions, medication use, RM occurrence [time of occurrence, clinical symptoms, and serum creatine kinase (CK) level, etc.], and treatment and outcome were recorded and descriptively analyzed.Results:A total of 16 patients were collected, including 14 males and 2 females, with age of 13-76 years. The primary diseases were schizophrenia in 11 patients, psychomotor agitation, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depressive syndrome with psychotic symptoms, depressive symptom cluster, and suspected psychotic symptoms in 1 case each. Among the 16 patients, 2 were treated with risperidone alone, and 14 were treated with risperidone combined with other drugs (6, 6, 5, 4, 3, and 1 with other antipsychotics, sedatives, antidepressants, statins, anticholinergics, and cyclosporine, respectively, and 3, 7, 1, and 3 cases with 1, 2, 3, and 4 combination drugs, respectively). Except that the medication method was not described in 2 cases, risperidone was orally administered in 13 cases and injected in 1 case. Thirteen patients with oral risperidone had dosage descriptions, of which 12 cases′ dose met the requirements of the drug labels, and 1 case took risperidone 96 mg due to severe hallucinations induced by drug withdrawal after taking the drug with routine dose for 5 years. In addition to the patient with overdose of risperidone, the occurrence time of RM was described in 14 cases, which was 4 days to 2 years after risperidone, and 10 cases occurred within 4 to 15 days after risperidone use. The main clinical symptoms were muscle pain (10 cases), acute liver injury (8 cases), acute kidney injury (5 cases), muscle weakness (4 cases), fever (3 cases), tachycardia (3 cases), and acute tendon intermembrane space syndrome (3 cases). The CK level was 4 587 to 928 961 U/L with a median level of 27 355 U/L in the 16 patients with RM, and it was>15 000 U/L in 10 cases (62.5%). After RM occurred, risperidone was discontinued in 13 patients, continued in 2 patients, and used at reduced dose in 1 patient; 8 patients received hydration therapy, 3 received hemodialysis, 1 received organ support therapy, and 3 with acute compartment syndrome (ACS) were treated with fasciotomy. All 16 patients′ symptoms disappeared and CK levels returned to normal. Among them, the specific time of recovery were described in 12 patients. The time of symptom disappearance was 2-12 months and the time of CK level recovery was 7-56 days.Conclusions:Risperidone-related RM mostly occurs within 4-15 days after exposure to risperidone, which is mostly related to the combination with other drugs. The elevation of CK level is usually severe, which can be complicated by ACS. Symptoms could return to normal after risperidone was discontinued and/or symptomatic treatments are given.

Objective:To understand the clinical characteristics of risperidone-induced rhabdomyolysis (RM).Methods:Risperidone-related RM case reports were collected by searching relevant databases at home and abroad as of February 2021, and the patients′ general conditions, disease conditions, medication use, RM occurrence [time of occurrence, clinical symptoms, and serum creatine kinase (CK) level, etc.], and treatment and outcome were recorded and descriptively analyzed.Results:A total of 16 patients were collected, including 14 males and 2 females, with age of 13-76 years. The primary diseases were schizophrenia in 11 patients, psychomotor agitation, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depressive syndrome with psychotic symptoms, depressive symptom cluster, and suspected psychotic symptoms in 1 case each. Among the 16 patients, 2 were treated with risperidone alone, and 14 were treated with risperidone combined with other drugs (6, 6, 5, 4, 3, and 1 with other antipsychotics, sedatives, antidepressants, statins, anticholinergics, and cyclosporine, respectively, and 3, 7, 1, and 3 cases with 1, 2, 3, and 4 combination drugs, respectively). Except that the medication method was not described in 2 cases, risperidone was orally administered in 13 cases and injected in 1 case. Thirteen patients with oral risperidone had dosage descriptions, of which 12 cases′ dose met the requirements of the drug labels, and 1 case took risperidone 96 mg due to severe hallucinations induced by drug withdrawal after taking the drug with routine dose for 5 years. In addition to the patient with overdose of risperidone, the occurrence time of RM was described in 14 cases, which was 4 days to 2 years after risperidone, and 10 cases occurred within 4 to 15 days after risperidone use. The main clinical symptoms were muscle pain (10 cases), acute liver injury (8 cases), acute kidney injury (5 cases), muscle weakness (4 cases), fever (3 cases), tachycardia (3 cases), and acute tendon intermembrane space syndrome (3 cases). The CK level was 4 587 to 928 961 U/L with a median level of 27 355 U/L in the 16 patients with RM, and it was>15 000 U/L in 10 cases (62.5%). After RM occurred, risperidone was discontinued in 13 patients, continued in 2 patients, and used at reduced dose in 1 patient; 8 patients received hydration therapy, 3 received hemodialysis, 1 received organ support therapy, and 3 with acute compartment syndrome (ACS) were treated with fasciotomy. All 16 patients′ symptoms disappeared and CK levels returned to normal. Among them, the specific time of recovery were described in 12 patients. The time of symptom disappearance was 2-12 months and the time of CK level recovery was 7-56 days.Conclusions:Risperidone-related RM mostly occurs within 4-15 days after exposure to risperidone, which is mostly related to the combination with other drugs. The elevation of CK level is usually severe, which can be complicated by ACS. Symptoms could return to normal after risperidone was discontinued and/or symptomatic treatments are given.

Objective: To analyze the influence of atmospheric particulate matters (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) on low-birth-weight (LBW) infants at different periods of gestation. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search for 2 471 articles related to particulate matter and LBW published from January 1st 2000 to January 1st 2016 using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Science Direct, Chinese Web of Knowledge, Wanfang and Weipu, and the keywords were" air pollution" , "adverse birth outcomes" , "adverse pregnancy outcomes" , "low birth weight/LBW" . According to criteria, 27 literatures were selected and included. Metafor package of the R 3.1.1 Software was used to check the heterogeneity and merge the effect value of the selected literatures, and sensitivity analysis and publication bias were detected and adjusted. Results: A total of 2 471 studies selected form the databases, 27 enrolled in this analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 was associated with combined OR values of 1st trimester, 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester and entire gestation at 1.02(95% CI: 0.87-1.19), 1.03 (95% CI: 0.91-1.16) , 1.07 (95%CI: 1.04-1.11) and 1.09 (95%CI: 1.04-1.15), respectively. And 10 μg/m³ increase in PM₁₀ was associated with combined OR values of 1st trimester, 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester and entire gestation at 1.66 (95%CI: 1.06-2.61), 1.58 (95%CI:1.28-1.95) , 1.38 (95%CI: 1.23-1.56) and 1.04 (95%CI: 0.99-1.09), respectively. After adjusting the bias of publication, each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 was associated with the risk of low birth weight at 1.11 (95%CI: 1.02-1.21). Conclusion This meta analysis supports an adverse impact of maternal exposure to particulate air pollution on low birth weight, varying in effects by exposure period.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-218-1-3p on the proliferation,cycle,and apoptosis of A549 cells in non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods miR-218-1-3p was transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by LipofectamineTM 2000 Reagent,and the expression of miR-218-3p was detected by real-time PC R.Invasion and migration were assayed using the Transwell method.The effect of miR-218-1-3p on the proliferation of A549 cells was assayed by the MTS method.Changes in the cell cycle and apoptosis of A549 cells transfected with miR-218-1-3p was detected by flow cytometry.Changes in indicators related to cell proliferation,cycle,and apoptosis were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results Compared to the control group,the cell proliferation of A549 cells was significantly inhibited (P ＜ 0.05) and the proportion of cells in the S and G2-M phases was significantly decreased when miR-218-1-3p was up-regulated.In addition,compared with the control group,the early apoptotic rate was significantly increased by up-regulating miR-218-1-3p.We further detected indicators related to cell proliferation,cycle,and apoptosis and found that CYCLIN-D1 and BCL-2 were significantly downregulated.Conclusion miR-218-1-3p may inhibit proliferation,induce cell cycle arrest,and promote cell apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by regulating CYCLIN-D 1 and BCL-2.

Blood oxygen saturation is one of the important index of clinical care. In this paper, a pulse oximetry method based on android smartphone was proposed, by which oxygen saturation could be monitored anywhere. The non-intrusive reflective optical measuring principle was used in the new method. After the sampled images were analyzed and processed, value of blood oxygen saturation was calculated in real time. The experimental results show that the method has high reliability and consistency.

Objective To investigate the incidence of depression and the distribution of constitutional pattern among the cadres who stayed in the hot spring convalescent hospital.Methods A survey was made on the incidence of depression and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution type among the 217 cadres who stayed in the hot spring convalescent hospital from January 2013 to February 2014,by using self-rating depression scale (SDS) and TCM constitution type questionnaire.A total of 217 copies of questionnaire were issued and 183 were recovered,with a recovery rate of 84.3％.Results Of the 183 convalescent cadres who took part in the survey,16 had depression symptoms,accounting for 8.7 ％.No statistical significance could be seen in the incidence of depression,when comparisons were made between the 3 age-group people,i.e.the 60-year group,the 60 to 69-year group and the 70 to 79-year group (P ＞ 0.05).In the people with depression,the first 4 constitution types were qi deficiency,yin deficiency,yang deficiency and phlegm-wetness type.In those people without depression,the first 3 constitution types were gentleness type,yang deficiency and qi deficiency type.There was statistical significance in the distribution of depression,when comparisons were made between those cadres with yin deficiency and without yin deficiency.There were 6 cases of light depression in convalescent cadres with blood stasis constitution(accounting for 85％),with a higher incidence,as compared with that of the cadres with moderate depression (only one case,accounting for 15％),and statistical significance could be noted,when comparisons were made between them (P =0.046).Linear regression analysis showed there was positive correlation between blood stasis constitution and the depression scores(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The incidence of depression among cadres who stayed in the hot spring convalescent hospital was relatively lower,and the severity of depression was closely associated with the constitution type.

Objective To investigate the incidence of depression and the distribution of constitutional pattern among the cadres who stayed in the hot spring convalescent hospital.Methods A survey was made on the incidence of depression and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution type among the 217 cadres who stayed in the hot spring convalescent hospital from January 2013 to February 2014,by using self-rating depression scale (SDS) and TCM constitution type questionnaire.A total of 217 copies of questionnaire were issued and 183 were recovered,with a recovery rate of 84.3％.Results Of the 183 convalescent cadres who took part in the survey,16 had depression symptoms,accounting for 8.7 ％.No statistical significance could be seen in the incidence of depression,when comparisons were made between the 3 age-group people,i.e.the 60-year group,the 60 to 69-year group and the 70 to 79-year group (P ＞ 0.05).In the people with depression,the first 4 constitution types were qi deficiency,yin deficiency,yang deficiency and phlegm-wetness type.In those people without depression,the first 3 constitution types were gentleness type,yang deficiency and qi deficiency type.There was statistical significance in the distribution of depression,when comparisons were made between those cadres with yin deficiency and without yin deficiency.There were 6 cases of light depression in convalescent cadres with blood stasis constitution(accounting for 85％),with a higher incidence,as compared with that of the cadres with moderate depression (only one case,accounting for 15％),and statistical significance could be noted,when comparisons were made between them (P =0.046).Linear regression analysis showed there was positive correlation between blood stasis constitution and the depression scores(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The incidence of depression among cadres who stayed in the hot spring convalescent hospital was relatively lower,and the severity of depression was closely associated with the constitution type.