Compilation instruction for Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Binghuang Fule Ointment elaborates on the formulation methods and evidence-based basis of the consensus. To address the problems of insufficient evidence on efficacy， vague indications， and a lack of uniform standard for Binghuang Fule Ointment in clinical application， 34 experts from 29 medical institutions across China participated in the compilation under the lead of the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine and Xiyuan Hospital， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， as well as China-Japan Friendship Hospital. The compilation strictly adhered to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development （GB/T 1.1—2020）， and the Guidance of Instructions for Compiling Expert Consensus on Clinical Practice of Chinese Patent Medicine. Through multidisciplinary collaboration， the compilation was completed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development and Evaluations （GRADE） evidence grading system. The detailed workflow included various key links. In clinical question construction， 15 items were screened by the nominal group method. In evidence retrieval， Chinese and English databases， along with gray literature， were covered to obtain 116 clinical and 33 pharmaceutical studies. In safety assessment， drug monitoring data and clinical research results were integrated， clarifying local adverse skin reactions and contraindications. Ultimately， 8 recommendations were formed by the GRADE grid method， while 16 consensus suggestions were reached via the majority vote rule. The results showed that the Binghuang Fule Ointment was applicable to eczema， psoriasis， neurodermatitis， tinea pedis， and other diseases. The Consensus also elucidated the syndrome differentiation points， usage and dosage for different diseases （such as adjustment of course and application frequency）， as well as the indications of combination medication. Additionally， safety assessment suggested that the Ointment should be used with caution in individuals with skin ulceration or hypersensitivity. To ensure methodological rigor， the compilation process went through three rounds of internal and external expert reviews， while a comprehensive analysis was conducted by literature analysis， the Delphi method， and other methods. This compilation instruction provided methodological support for the clinical transformation of the Consensus through key links， including project initiation， international registration， informed consent， conflict-of-interest statements， evidence evaluation， and popularization. The Consensus will be continuously improved through a dynamic revision mechanism in the future.

Compilation instruction for Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Binghuang Fule Ointment elaborates on the formulation methods and evidence-based basis of the consensus. To address the problems of insufficient evidence on efficacy， vague indications， and a lack of uniform standard for Binghuang Fule Ointment in clinical application， 34 experts from 29 medical institutions across China participated in the compilation under the lead of the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine and Xiyuan Hospital， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， as well as China-Japan Friendship Hospital. The compilation strictly adhered to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development （GB/T 1.1—2020）， and the Guidance of Instructions for Compiling Expert Consensus on Clinical Practice of Chinese Patent Medicine. Through multidisciplinary collaboration， the compilation was completed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development and Evaluations （GRADE） evidence grading system. The detailed workflow included various key links. In clinical question construction， 15 items were screened by the nominal group method. In evidence retrieval， Chinese and English databases， along with gray literature， were covered to obtain 116 clinical and 33 pharmaceutical studies. In safety assessment， drug monitoring data and clinical research results were integrated， clarifying local adverse skin reactions and contraindications. Ultimately， 8 recommendations were formed by the GRADE grid method， while 16 consensus suggestions were reached via the majority vote rule. The results showed that the Binghuang Fule Ointment was applicable to eczema， psoriasis， neurodermatitis， tinea pedis， and other diseases. The Consensus also elucidated the syndrome differentiation points， usage and dosage for different diseases （such as adjustment of course and application frequency）， as well as the indications of combination medication. Additionally， safety assessment suggested that the Ointment should be used with caution in individuals with skin ulceration or hypersensitivity. To ensure methodological rigor， the compilation process went through three rounds of internal and external expert reviews， while a comprehensive analysis was conducted by literature analysis， the Delphi method， and other methods. This compilation instruction provided methodological support for the clinical transformation of the Consensus through key links， including project initiation， international registration， informed consent， conflict-of-interest statements， evidence evaluation， and popularization. The Consensus will be continuously improved through a dynamic revision mechanism in the future.

SkinPro Ointment is an emulsion-based preparation derived from a traditional Tibetan medical empirical formula and developed using modern pharmaceutical technology. It is an exclusive patented product of Tibet Hairong Tangguo Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. and has been listed as a National Protected Traditional Chinese Medicine Variety， the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China， and classified as a Category B product in the National Basic Medical Insurance Catalog. The ointment possesses the functions of clearing heat and drying dampness， activating blood circulation and dispelling wind， relieving itching and reducing inflammation. Clinically， it is used for skin pruritus caused by dampness-heat accumulation or blood-heat with wind-dryness， as well as pruritic skin diseases such as neurodermatitis， eczema， tinea pedis， and psoriasis. To clarify the standards for its clinical application and promote rational drug use， a consensus working group comprising 34 national experts in dermatology， evidence-based medicine， and pharmacy was established. Through expert interviews， the nominal group technique， and questionnaire surveys， 15 clinical issues were identified. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development and Evaluation （GRADE） evidence grading system was employed to assess the quality of evidence， leading to the formulation of the Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of SkinPro Ointment. This consensus specifies that the intended users are physicians and pharmacists in medical institutions at all levels. It standardizes the clinical application of the ointment， including syndrome characteristics， dosage and course of treatment， combination therapy， precautions， and contraindications. Recommendations and consensus suggestions were formed addressing the 15 clinical issues， covering the following key areas： ①Indications and TCM syndromes： In TCM， the ointment mainly treats conditions such as "damp sores" （Shichuang）， "white scaling" （Baibi）， "collar sores" （Shelingchuang）， and "damp foot Qi" （Jiaoshiqi）， corresponding to eczema， psoriasis， neurodermatitis， and tinea pedis in Western medicine. The relevant TCM syndromes are identified as dampness-heat accumulation or blood-heat with wind-dryness. ②Usage and dosage： For external use， apply to the affected area 3 times daily. The dosage should follow the fingertip unit （FTU） principle. A treatment course of 1-2 weeks is recommended for mild to moderate cases； for serious cases， the course should be followed as prescribed by a physician. ③Combined therapy： The ointment can be used as monotherapy for mild cases. For moderate to severe cases， combination therapy is recommended， with reference to relevant clinical guidelines. ④Safety： Common adverse reactions include skin rashes， pruritus， and erythema. The ointment is contraindicated in patients with broken skin or obvious exudation at the affected area， as well as in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components. Contact with sensitive areas such as the eyes and oral mucosa should be avoided. Modern research shows that the ointment also has potential efficacy in other dermatological conditions， such as adult atopic dermatitis， tinea cruris， exfoliative keratolysis， acne vulgaris， and Malassezia folliculitis. This consensus provides a scientific basis for promoting the rational clinical use of SkinPro Ointment， improving its therapeutic efficacy， and reducing medication risks. Future updates will be dynamically revised according to emerging clinical issues and new evidence.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the use of intrapartum ultrasound （IPUS） to monitor the labor process， as alternative method of traditional vaginal examination （VE）， could reduce the incidence of postpartum complications associated with vaginal delivery. MethodsA total of 360 primiparas who underwent cervical dilation balloon induction of labor （IOL） and achieved successful vaginal delivery after childbirth at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2022 and December 2023， were included in the retrospective study with half assessed for labor progress using IPUS （n=180） and the other half using VE （n=180）. The differences in the relevant indicators of the labor process and the complications of vaginal delivery were compared between the two groups of pregnant women. ResultsThere was no significant difference in the duration of membrane rupture， the first stage of labor and the second stage of labor between the two groups. However， the number of VE in the IPUS group was significantly lower ［nulliparous： 4 （3-4） vs. 6 （5-8）， P＜0.001； multiparous： 2 （2-3） vs. 4 （3-5）， P＜0.001］. The IPUS group experienced a lower incidence of postpartum fever compared to the VE group ［1.67%（3/180） vs. 7.22%（13/180）， P=0.006］， while other complications of vaginal delivery， such as fever during labor， postpartum hemorrhage （PPH）， laceration， poor wound healing and uroschesis， were not significantly different （all P ＞ 0.05）. The logistic regression analysis confirmed that the use of IPUS served as a protective factor for postpartum fever with an OR of 0.06 ［95% CI （0.01， 0.36）； P=0.002］， while the duration of membrane rupture was a risk factor ［OR： 1.12； 95% CI （1.03， 1.22）； P = 0.011］. ConclusionsIPUS， as an alternative to traditional VE， does not affect the progress of labor. However， it can significantly reduce the frequency of VE and the incidence of postpartum fever， thereby facilitating the rapid recovery of postpartum women， which makes it clinically valuable for application.

A pyrene-phenol-based fluorescent probe PyP which showed typical intramolecular charge transfer(ICT)and monomer-excimer activities was synthesized by using pyrene carboxaldehyde hydrazone and 4-tert-butyl-2,6-diformylphenol as the raw materials.The effects of solvents on PyP were studied,and the results showed that the color of protic polar solvents(Ethanol,N,N-dimethylformamide,methanol and H2O)were successfully identified.Based on the solvent polarity-regulated PyP monomer-excimer switching,the rapid and highly sensitive ratiometric probe,"Turn-off"and"Turn-on"multimodal probes were established for detection of trace water content in organic solvents(Dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethylformamide,ethanol and methanol),with detection limits(3σ/k)of 0.0021％,0.046％,0.062％and 0.024％.The method was successfully used to detect water content in dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethy lformamide,ethanol and methanol commercial organic solvents,with recoveries ranging from 97.2％to 108.0％.The developed method showed good accuracy and stability,and had good application prospect.

Widespread utilization of glyphosate has led to environmental residues,posing potential threats to ecological systems and human health.Traditional methods for detection of glyphosate are limited by specialized equipment and operational techniques,resulting in inefficient responses.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a convenient,sensitive and accurate detection method for detection of glyphosate.Herein,a new naphthalenesulfonamide-based"Turn-on"fluorescent probe was synthesized using 2-chloroaniline and dansyl chloride as raw materials through a one-step process,which showed a good linear relationship between the glyphosate concentration in concentration range of 0.003-70 μmol/L and the fluorescence intensity(R2=0.995),with a detection limit of 2.73 nmol/L(S/N=3).Analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS)were used to investigate the interaction mechanism between the fluorescent probe and glyphosate.The results indicated that a nucleophilic substitution reaction occurred between the probe and the secondary amine(—NH—)of glyphosate,inducing a photoinduced electron transfer(PET)effect which enhanced the fluorescence intensity by 11.2 times.The probe showed good anti-interference ability towards coexisting metal ions,anions and pesticides in water.When applied to determination of glyphosate in the samples such as tap water,river water(Xiangxi River Reservoir),soil,soybeans,and corn,the spiking recoveries ranged from 94.7％to 109.9％,demonstrating the high accuracy and broad applicability of this detection method.A portable test strip based on this fluorescent probe was developed for rapid semi-quantitative analysis of glyphosate.The developed method was rapid,sensitive,and portable,providing theoretical and technical support for on-site measurement of environmental contaminants.

Real-time analysis of major element content in raw ore slurry represents a crucial part in mining extraction processes.A self-developed real-time online detection system based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)was applied for rapid detection of primary elements in raw ore slurry.Using 72 synchronized samples collected from mining enterprises,with 58 samples allocated for model construction and 14 for validation,this research focused on addressing the industrial requirements for real-time monitoring of sulfur(S),arsenic(As),and copper(Cu)elements.Multiple characteristic spectral lines were selected from LIBS detection system's spectral data.The analytical approach combined multiple linear regression(MLR)for initial model development with partial least squares(PLS)full-spectrum analysis for model refinement,ultimately establishing calibration and prediction models for the three target elements.The results demonstrated that the integrated MLR-PLS methodology achieved high precision,with calibration model determination coefficients(R2)of 0.95,0.97,and 0.99,and prediction model R2 values of 0.96,0.94,and 0.99 for S,As and Cu,respectively.The mean relative prediction errors were 1.65%,2.10%and 0.86%,respectively,which could meet the practical production requirements of mining operations.This approach provided an effective technical solution for real-time quality monitoring in mineral slurry processing.

Objective:To compare the effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine for sedation on the outcome in mechanically ventilated patients with severe pulmonary infection.Methods:Patients with severe pulmonary infection (Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score >7) requiring mechanical ventilation from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Ⅳ database between 2008 and 2020 were selected and divided into propofol group and dexmedetomidine group based on the sedative agent used. The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes included 90-day all-cause mortality and duration of mechanical ventilation. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to adjust for baseline confounders, and logistic regression and linear regression were applied to analyze the effects of the two sedative drugs on the outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients with pulmonary infection. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze survival outcomes.Results:A total of 6 204 critically ill patients with pulmonary infection requiring mechanical ventilation were included, with 3 439 cases in propofol group and 2 765 cases in dexmedetomidine group. The baseline characteristics between the two groups were well balanced (standardized mean difference < 0.1) after IPTW adjustment. In the IPTW-adjusted cohort, the in-hospital all-cause mortality and 90-day all-cause mortality were significantly lower in dexmedetomidine group than in propofol group (439.2[18.7%] vs 563.6[24.1%], 618.0[26.3%] vs 733.6[31.3%], P<0.001), the results of Further Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the 90-day all-cause mortality was significantly lower in dexmedetomidine group than in propofol group ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Compared with propofol, dexmedetomidine can decrease the mortality rate and improve the prognosis in mechanically ventilated patients with severe pulmonary infection when used for sedation.

Objective:To assess the impacts of abdominal spectral computed tomography (CT) scans on radiation dose in order to validate the feasibility of low-dose spectral CT imaging.Methods:Using varying scanning protocols on the Discovery CT750 HD device, the abdomen of an adult male dose-specific phantom was scanned in two modes: conventional single-energy CT (SECT) and gemstone spectral imaging (GSI). Specifically, the conventional SECT mode featured tube voltages of 120 and 80 kVp, automatic tube current modulation technology, and a noise index (NI) of 10 HU. In contrast, the GSI mode was characterized by the automatic spectral imaging protocol selection (ASIS) technique, rapid switching of the tube voltage between 80 and 140 kVp, and Nis for non-spectral scanning of 8, 10, 15, and 20 HU. Then, various radiation dose metrics and objective image quality were compared across different scanning protocols.Results:In the case of the same NI, the three scanning dose modes (SECT with tube voltages of 120 and 80 kVp, and GSI with a tube voltage of 80/140 kVp) presented similar volume CT dose index (CTDI vol) and dose length product (DLP). However, the SECT with a tube voltage of 80 kVp showed the lowest measured organ absorbed dose ( DT; 5.89 mSv). Effective dose ( E) was determined using DLP and organ DT. The result indicated that, under the three modes except for SECT with a tube voltage of 80 kVp, the E values calculated using DLP were lower than those determinized using the organ DT, with deviations ranging from 9% to 20%. The differences in image noise levels and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of the three scanning modes were statistically significant ( F = 65.52, 35.09, P < 0.001). Conclusions:Spectral CT using ASIS technology can achieve low-dose spectral scanning while ensuring image quality.

Aim To design and synthesize a series of glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives by using glycyrrhetinic acid as the parent nucleus,screen their antitumor activ-ities,and investigate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects and mechanisms of the most active compound.Methods MTT assay was used to screen for the com-pound with the most potent antitumor activity.MTT as-say,wound healing assay,colony formation assay and Transwell migration assay were used to evaluate the effects of the compound on tumor cell viability and mi-gration.Flow cytometry was employed to assess the im-pact of the compound on tumor cell cycle progression and apoptosis.Western blot was conducted to verify the effects on the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax,caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3.A mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma ascites tumor was estab-lished to examine the antitumor effects of the compound in vivo.Results Compound C22 was identified as having the most significant inhibitory effect on hepato-cellular carcinoma cells.C22 inhibited the viability and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner.C22 upreg-ulated the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax,caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in hepatocellular car-cinoma cells,induced apoptosis,and arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 and S phases.C22 significantly re-duced the growth of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma as-cites tumors and prolonged survival.Conclusion Glycyrrhetinic acid derivative C22 significantly inhibits the viability and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo,and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.