BACKGROUND: The creatinine (Cre) concentration in urine is used as an adjustment factor in chemical exposure and nutritional intake assessments. Because Cre excretion varies by sex, age, race, and anthropometric measurements such as height and weight, developing a method suitable for estimating one-day Cre excretion is necessary. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop a predictive equation for individual one-day Cre excretion in Japanese school children. METHODS: Urine samples were collected from 113 boys and 91 girls (aged 6-12 years) from the Aichi Prefecture, Japan, who were free from diseases affecting the renal, muscle, or nervous systems. Urinary concentrations and one-day excreted amounts of Cre were measured and compared with the values obtained using previously reported equations or a fixed value, totaling 11 methods. Subsequently, we developed a new equation using machine learning and multiple regression analyses. Additionally, the estimated one-day sodium excretion value calculated using this equation was compared with the measured value. RESULTS: Among the 11 methods to predict Cre excretion, 7 overestimated-5 of which showed a positive trend bias with larger differences at higher average concentrations-and 3 underestimated-2 of which showed a negative trend bias with larger differences at lower average concentrations. A new machine learning model using sex, age, and body surface area (calculated from height and weight) yielded the most accurate prediction. Multiple regression analysis, which demonstrated the most accurate prediction, used sex, age, and body surface area as independent variables with or without the first void Cre concentration divided by urination duration from the previous night's urination to the first void. Moreover, the difference in one-day sodium excretion from first-void urine predicted using our newly developed Cre equation increased as the measured values increased. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the estimation of one-day Cre excretion based on sex, age, and body surface area is most appropriate for Japanese schoolchildren, particularly in assessing their chemical exposure and dietary nutrient intake. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration is not applicable as this observational study did not involve any intervention or randomization requiring registration in a clinical trials registry.
Humans ; Child ; Female ; Male ; Japan ; Creatinine/urine* ; Anthropometry ; East Asian People

Oliguria or anuria in the postoperative period of a post-transplant patient must alert the transplant team for a possibility of vascular problem and requires high clinical suspicion for early diagnosis and prompt decision making.

We report a case of sudden anuria in a renal transplant recipient during the immediate post-operative period, wherein prompt decision to re-operate and explore identified an external iliac artery dissection compromising the perfusion to the renal allograft. The dissected segment was irreparable, hence, was resected and reconstructed using a non-autogenous graft, restoring the perfusion to the allograft and lower limb. The renal graft was explanted, re-perfused and subsequent end to side anastomosis of the allograft arteries to the vascular graft was done. The patient had improved diuresis and decreasing creatinine trend as well as absence of lower extremity ischemic symptoms during the postoperative period.

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) interposition is an essential salvage technique for restoring blood flow in cases of external iliac artery dissection during renal transplantation.

OBJECTIVES: Augmented renal clearance (ARC), in contrast to renal dysfunction, refers to enhanced renal elimination of circulating solutes compared to the expected baseline. Although patients may present with normal serum creatinine (Scr) levels, the incidence of ARC is high in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. ARC is associated with subtherapeutic exposure and treatment failure of renally cleared antibiotics. However, limited research exists on the incidence and risk factors of ARC in the ICU, and even fewer data are available specifically for neurological ICU (NICU). This study aims to determine the incidence and risk factors of ARC in neurocritically ill patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed all available Scr data of neurocritical care patients admitted to the NICU of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between December 2020 and January 2023. Creatinine clearance (CrCl) was calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault equation. ARC was defined as a CrCl≥130 mL/(min·1.73 m²) sustained for more than 50% of the duration of the NICU stay. A total of 208 neurocritically ill patients were assigned into an ARC group (n=52) and a non-ARC (N-ARC) group (n=156). Clinical characteristics were compared between the 2 groups. Variables with P<0.05 in univariate analysis were included in binary Logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for ARC. RESULTS: The incidence of ARC among neurocritically ill patients was 25.00%. Of the 74 patients with normal CrCl, 20 (27.03%) gradually developed ARC during hospitalization. Compared with the N-ARC group, the patients of the ARC group were younger (P<0.001), with a higher proportion of females (P=0.048) and a lower admission mean arterial pressure (MAP) (P=0.034). Moreover, patients of the ARC group were commonly complicated with severe bacterial infections compared with the patients of the N-ARC group (P<0.001). In binary Logistic regression analysis, younger age (OR=0.903, 95% CI 0.872 to 0.935) and severe bacterial infections (OR=6.270, 95% CI 2.568 to 15.310) were significant predictors of ARC. CONCLUSIONS ARC is relatively common in the NICU. A considerable number of patients with initially normal renal function developed ARC during hospitalization. Younger age and concurrent severe bacterial infection are important risk factors of ARC in neurocritically ill patients.
Humans ; Risk Factors ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Creatinine/blood* ; Middle Aged ; Intensive Care Units ; Aged ; Adult ; Incidence ; Critical Illness ; Renal Elimination ; Kidney/metabolism*

Humans ; Albumins ; Albuminuria/urine* ; Blood Pressure ; China/epidemiology* ; Creatinine ; Risk Factors ; Aged

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with hematologic diseases complicated with carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) infection and analyze the risk factors of 30-day all-cause mortality. METHODS: The clinical data and laboratory test data of 77 hospitalized patients with hematologic diseases complicated with CRO infection in department of hematology of the Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analysed, the risk factors of 30-day all-cause mortality after CRO infection were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Among the total of 77 patients with hematologic diseases complicated with CRO infection, 29 died and 48 survived within 30 days of infection, with a case fatality rate of 37.66%. A total of 93 strains of CRO were isolated from these patients, of which Acinetobacter baumannii had the highest detection rate (25.81%, 24/93), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.28%, 17/93). The lung was the most common site of CRO infection. The detected pathogens were highly resistant to carbapenems, and 64.52% (60/93) of the pathogens were resistant to imipenem with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)≥16 μg/ml. The results of the univariate analysis showed that albumin concentration <25 g/L (P =0.048), serum creatinine concentration≥120 μmol/L (P =0.023), age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) (P =0.037) and primary treatments (supportive treatment, immunosuppressive therapy, chemotherapy, HSCT) (P =0.048) were significantly associated with 30-day all-cause mortality after infection. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that when CRO infection confirmed, albumin concentration <25 g/L (P =0.014, OR=6.171), serum creatinine concentration≥120 μmol/L (P =0.009, OR=10.867) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality of patients with hematologic diseases complicated with CRO infection. CONCLUSION The mortality rate of CRO-infected patients with hematologic diseases is high. The detected pathogenic bacteria are highly resistant to imipenem. The albumin concentration <25 g/L and the serum creatinine concentration≥ 120 μmol/L at diagnosis of CRO infection were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality of the patients with hematologic diseases.
Humans ; Carbapenems/pharmacology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Creatinine ; Hematologic Diseases ; Risk Factors ; Imipenem ; Albumins

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value of hemoglobin to serum creatinine ratio (Hb/SCr) combined with blood uric acid (SUA) in predicting in-hospital mortality after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: The clinical data of AMI patients who underwent emergency PCI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The general information, underlying medical history, blood routine, liver and kidney function, blood coagulation routine, SUA and other indicators were collected from patients. The primary composite endpoint was defined as in-hospital death, including in-hospital all-cause death during PCI and 15-day post-procedure hospitalization. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with in-hospital death after emergency PCI in patients with AMI. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent related factors and construct a risk prediction model. The Hosmer-Lemeshow method and receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) were used to test the goodness of fit and predictive effect of the model and correlates, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 1 976 patients were enrolled, 92 died in hospital and 1 884 survived. SUA was higher in the death group than that in the survival group (μmol/L: 476.88±132.04 vs. 354.87±105.31, P < 0.01), and the Hb/SCr ratio was significantly lower than that in the survival group (13.84±5.48 vs.19.20±5.74, P < 0.01). Pearson analysis showed a linear negative correlation between SUA and Hb/SCr ratio (r = -0.502, P < 0.01). Logistic regression risk model analysis finally included age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.916], Hb/SCr ratio (OR = 0.182), white blood cell count (WBC, OR = 2.733), C-reactive protein (CRP, OR = 3.611), SUA (OR = 4.667), blood glucose (Glu, OR = 2.726), homocysteine (Hcy, OR = 2.688) 7 factors to construct a risk prediction model, which were independent correlation factors for in-hospital death in AMI patients after emergency PCI (all P < 0.05). Hosmer-Lemeshow test verified the fitting effect of the model, and the result showed P = 0.447. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the model for predicting in-hospital death in AMI patients after emergency PCI was 0.764 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.712-0.816, P = 0.001]. When the cut-off value was 0.565 8, the sensitivity was 70.7%, the specificity was 70.2%, and the Yoden index was 0.410. When Hb/SCr ratio+SUA, SUA, Hb/SCr ratio, Hb and SCr were used to predict in-hospital death in AMI patients after emergency PCI, the AUC of Hb/SCr ratio+SUA was the largest, which was 0.810. When the optimal cut-off value was -0.847, the sensitivity was 77.7%, the specificity was 74.5%, and the Youden index was 0.522. CONCLUSIONS Age, SUA, Hb/SCr ratio, WBC, CRP, Glu, and Hcy are independent risk factors for in-hospital death after emergency PCI in AMI patients. The lower the Hb/SCr ratio and the higher the SUA at admission, the higher the risk of in-hospital death after emergency PCI in AMI patients. Hb/SCr ratio combined with SUA has a higher predictive value for in-hospital death after emergency PCI in AMI patients than single index, which is helpful for early identification of high-risk patients.
Humans ; Hospital Mortality ; Uric Acid ; Creatinine ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Retrospective Studies ; Myocardial Infarction/therapy* ; Prognosis

Humans ; Aged ; Acute Kidney Injury ; Risk Factors ; Creatinine

BACKGROUND: Few studies have explored the impact of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate (PNT) on kidney function. This study aimed to evaluate the association of urinary levels of PNT with renal function as well as the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the general population in the United States. METHODS: This analysis included data from 13,373 adults (≥20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2016. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression, to explore the associations of urinary PNT with kidney function. Restricted cubic splines were used to assess the potentially non-linear relationships between PNT exposure and outcomes. RESULTS: After traditional creatinine adjustment, perchlorate (P-traditional) was positively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (adjusted β: 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.25 to 3.26; P  < 0.001), and negatively associated with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) (adjusted β: -0.05; 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.02; P  = 0.001) in adjusted models. After both traditional and covariate-adjusted creatinine adjustment, urinary nitrate and thiocyanate were positively associated with eGFR (all P values <0.05), and negatively associated with ACR (all P values <0.05); higher nitrate or thiocyanate was associated with a lower risk of CKD (all P values <0.001). Moreover, there were L-shaped non-linear associations between nitrate, thiocyanate, and outcomes. In the adjusted models, for quartiles of PNT, statistically significant dose-response associations were observed in most relationships. Most results were consistent in the stratified and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Exposures to PNT might be associated with kidney function, indicating a potential beneficial effect of environmental PNT exposure (especially nitrate and thiocyanate) on the human kidney.
Adult ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology* ; Nitrates/adverse effects* ; Nutrition Surveys ; Thiocyanates/urine* ; Perchlorates/urine* ; Creatinine ; Environmental Exposure ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology* ; Logistic Models

OBJECTIVES: To study the correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D] and nephroblastoma in children and its value in assessing the prognosis of the disease. METHODS: A total of 50 children with nephroblastoma who were admitted from January 2018 to December 2022 were included as the nephroblastoma group, and according to the postoperative pathological type, they were divided into a good prognosis group with 38 children and a poor prognosis group with 12 children. A total of 50 healthy children who underwent physical examination during the same period of time served as the healthy control group. The above groups were compared in terms of serum creatinine and 25-(OH)D level. A Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between serum 25-(OH)D level and therapeutic effect reaction. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors affecting the prognosis of nephroblastoma in children. RESULTS: The nephroblastoma group had significantly lower levels of serum creatinine and 25-(OH)D than the healthy control group (P<0.05). Compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had a significantly larger tumor diameter, a significantly higher proportion of children with stage III-IV tumors, a significantly higher rate of tumor metastasis, and significantly lower serum levels of creatinine and 25-(OH)D (P<0.05). The Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum 25-(OH)D level was negatively correlated with therapeutic effect reaction (r_s=-0.685, P<0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor diameter ≥10 cm, stage III-IV tumors, presence of tumor metastasis, and 25-(OH)D <19 ng/mL were closely associated with the poor prognosis of nephroblastoma in children (P<0.05). Serum 25-(OH)D level had an area under the curve of 0.805 (95%CI: 0.706-0.903, P<0.001) in evaluating the prognosis of nephroblastoma in children, with a Youden index of 0.512, a sensitivity of 0.938, and a specificity of 0.575 at the optimal cut-off value of 1.764 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant correlation between 25-(OH)D level and the prognosis of nephroblastoma in children, and 25-(OH)D can be used for prognosis prediction.
Humans ; Child ; Creatinine ; Vitamin D Deficiency/complications* ; Vitamin D ; Calcifediol ; Prognosis ; Wilms Tumor ; Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

OBJECTIVE: To monitor the changes of voriconazole minimum concentration(C_min) in patients with hematological diseases, and evaluate the factors influencing and adverse reactions of voriconazole clearance in patients with hematological diseases, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reasonable clinical use of voriconazole. METHODS: 136 patients with hematological diseases who used voriconazole in Wuhan NO.1 Hospital from May 2018 to December 2019 were selected. The correlation between C-reactive protein, albumin, creatinine and voriconazole C_min were analyzed, and the changes of voriconazole C_min after glucocorticoid treatment was also detected. In addition, stratified analysis was used to explore the adverse events of voriconazole. RESULTS: Among 136 patients, 77 were male (56.62%) and 59 were female (43.38%). There were positive correlations between voriconazole C_min and C-reactive protein and creatinine levels (r=0.277, r=0.208), while voriconazole C_min was negatively correlated with albumin level (r=-2.673). Voriconazole C_min in patients treated with glucocorticoid was decreased significantly (P<0.05). In addition, sratified analysis of voriconazole C_min showed that compared with voriconazole C_min 1.0-5.0 mg/L group, the incidence of adverse reactions of visual impairment in voriconazole C_min> 5.0 mg/L group was increased (χ²=4.318, P=0.038). CONCLUSION The levels of C-reactive protein, albumin and creatinine are closely related to the voriconazole C_min, which indicate that inflammation and hyponutrition may prevent the clearance of voriconazole in patients with hematological diseases. It is necessary to monitor the voriconazole C_min of patients with hematological diseases, and adjust the dosage in time to reduce adverse reactions.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Voriconazole/therapeutic use* ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use* ; C-Reactive Protein ; Creatinine ; Glucocorticoids ; Retrospective Studies ; Drug Monitoring ; Hematologic Diseases