The chemical constituents were systematically separated from the roots of Berberis polyantha by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel column chromatography, HP20 column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography, reversed-phase C_(18) column chromatography, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic techniques(1D NMR, 2D NMR, UV, MS, and CD). Four phenylpropanoids were isolated from the methanol extract of the roots of B. polyantha, and they were identified as(2R)-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1), methyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate(2),(+)-syringaresinol(3), and syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4). Compound 1 was a new compound, and other compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated based on the release of nitric oxide(NO) in the culture of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. At a concentration of 10 μmol·L~(-1), all the four compounds inhibited the LPS-induced release of NO in RAW264.7 cells, demonstrating potential anti-inflammatory properties.
Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Animals ; Mice ; Berberis/chemistry* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Macrophages/immunology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism* ; Molecular Structure ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of lengthened proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and InterTan in the treatment of subtrochanteric femur fractures in the elderly. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 65 elderly patients diagnosed with subtrochanteric femoral fractures who met the inclusion criteria between October 2016 and January 2022. The enrolled patients were categorized into two groups according to the type of internal fixation used: the lengthened proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) group and the InterTan group. There were 32 patients in the PFNA group, comprising 20 males and 12 females, with ages ranging from 60 to 85 years old with an average of (69.3±6.7 ) years old. Among these patients, 15 patients resulted from traffic accidents and 17 patients were caused by falls. According to the Seinsheimer classification system, there were 11 patients as type Ⅱ, 14 patients as type Ⅲ, 6 patients as type Ⅳ, and 1 patient as type Ⅴ. The InterTan group comprised 33 patients, including 20 males and 13 females, aged from 60 to 85 years old with an average of (69.8±7.8 ) years old. Of these, 15 patients resulted from traffic accidents, while 18 patients were caused by falls. According to the Seinsheimer classification system, 10 patients as type Ⅱ, 15 patients as type Ⅲ, 7 patients as type Ⅳ, and 1 patient as type Ⅴ. The intraoperative blood loss, operative duration, and fracture healing time were recorded and compared between two groups. The quality of fracture reduction was assessed using Chang's criteria. Additionally, the Harris hip score was utilized to evaluate hip function in both groups at 3 months postoperatively and at the final follow-up. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for a period ranging from 10 to 20 months with an average of (14.6±4.5) months. No statistically significant differences were observed between two groups in terms of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, quality of fracture reduction, or reduction methods (P>0.05). Three months after the surgery, the Harris hip score in the InterTan group was 80.0(78.0, 83.5) points, which was significantly higher than that in the PFNA group, which recorded a score of 77.5(75.0, 81.8) points. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the final follow-up, the Harris hip score in the InterTan group was 80.0(76.5, 87.0), while that in the PFNA group was 78.0(74.3, 82.8). No statistically significant difference was observed between two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The use of lengthened PFNA and InterTan in the treatment of elderly subtrochanteric femur fractures can both achieve good treatment results, with the advantages of simple operation, firm fixation, and low failure rate of internal fixation. The lengthened InterTan can achieve better hip function than PFNA.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Retrospective Studies ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/instrumentation* ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; Femoral Fractures/surgery*

Background and aims:Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by complex pathogenesis and limited available therapeutic options.The mechanisms underlying the development and progression of PSCs remain unclear.Liver X receptor beta(LXR-β)is recognized to modulate lipid metabolism and immune response,but its specific involvement in the PSC has not been elucidated.Here,we explored the role and mechanism of LXR-β in PSC induced by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-collidine(DDC).Methods:CRISPR-Cas9 technology was applied to generate Abcb4(coding MDR2,next named as Mdr2),Nr1h2(coding LXR-β,next named as Lxrβ),and Rag2(coding RAG2)knockout mice.DDC was used to induce PSC.Hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius red staining were used to assess the extent of hepatic injury and fibrosis.Flow cytometry was used to observe immune cell subsets.Results:We observed a declining trend in hepatic Lxrβ in the PSC model.Unexpectedly,Lxrβ knockout failed to modulate DDC-induced PSC pathogenesis.Concomitantly,assessment of the influence of Rag2 deficiency on PSC progression revealed the absence of aggravated or alleviated hepatic injury or fibrosis in the Rag2-/-DDC mice.However,Lxrβ depletion intensified DDC-induced PSC in the Rag2-/-mice,with more abundant infiltrative inflammatory cells and more severe liver fibrosis.Compared with Rag2-/-DDC mice,Lxrβ-/-Rag2-/-DDC mice had higher serum ALT and AST levels and mRNA expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic genes.Flow cytometry showed that LXR-β deficiency resulted in a diminished population of hepatic innate immune cells.Conclusion:This study indicated innate immune cell LXR-β deficiency can exacerbate hepatic injury and fibrosis in murine models of PSC suggesting that LXR-β may regulate the function of innate immunity in the fibrotic advancement of PSC.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the safety of empirical or experimental medication (EEM) for adult-onset Still disease (AOSD) before diagnosis.Methods:The AOSD inpatients admitted to the Second Hospital of Jilin University from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2023 were collected through hospital information system, and those who were misdiagnosed on admission were screened out. The main clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, misdiagnosis situation, the use of EEM and their adverse drug reactions (ADR), and the potential drug-drug interactions in the misdiagnosed patients were analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results:During the set time period, a total of 49 patients with AOSD were admitted to the hospital, of which 16 (32.7%) were misdiagnosed with other diseases on admission. Among the 16 patients, 10 were male and 6 were female, with a median age of 53 years. The main clinical manifestations were fever (in 15 patients), arthralgia/arthritis (in 10 patients), lymphadenopathy (in 10 patients), rash (in 9 patients), pleural or pericardial effusion (in 6 patients), pneumonia (in 5 patients), splenomegaly (in 4 patients) and sore throat (in 4 patients). Abnormalities in laboratory tests included white blood cell count elevation (in 13 patients), platelets count elevation (in 8 patients), serum ferritin elevation (>500 μg/L, in 12 patients), and abnormal liver function (in 9 patients). The median time of treatment before admission was 5.5 months (11 days to 27.0 months), and the median time from admission to diagnosis of AOSD was 12 days. Before the diagnosis of AOSD, all patients received a long time of EEM, including antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine preparations, liver-protection drugs, anti-allergic drugs and antiviral drugs in 15, 12, 11, 3 and 2 patients, respectively. Four patients experienced ADRs related to EEM, all of which were caused by antibiotics. There were potential interactions in the therapeutic drugs in 4 patients.Conclusion:The misdiagnosis rate of AOSD was high. Patients might had accepted multiple EEMs before the definite diagnosis, which posed risks of ADRs and drug interactions.

Objective:To investigate and analyze the safety of empirical or experimental medication (EEM) for adult-onset Still disease (AOSD) before diagnosis.Methods:The AOSD inpatients admitted to the Second Hospital of Jilin University from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2023 were collected through hospital information system, and those who were misdiagnosed on admission were screened out. The main clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, misdiagnosis situation, the use of EEM and their adverse drug reactions (ADR), and the potential drug-drug interactions in the misdiagnosed patients were analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results:During the set time period, a total of 49 patients with AOSD were admitted to the hospital, of which 16 (32.7%) were misdiagnosed with other diseases on admission. Among the 16 patients, 10 were male and 6 were female, with a median age of 53 years. The main clinical manifestations were fever (in 15 patients), arthralgia/arthritis (in 10 patients), lymphadenopathy (in 10 patients), rash (in 9 patients), pleural or pericardial effusion (in 6 patients), pneumonia (in 5 patients), splenomegaly (in 4 patients) and sore throat (in 4 patients). Abnormalities in laboratory tests included white blood cell count elevation (in 13 patients), platelets count elevation (in 8 patients), serum ferritin elevation (>500 μg/L, in 12 patients), and abnormal liver function (in 9 patients). The median time of treatment before admission was 5.5 months (11 days to 27.0 months), and the median time from admission to diagnosis of AOSD was 12 days. Before the diagnosis of AOSD, all patients received a long time of EEM, including antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine preparations, liver-protection drugs, anti-allergic drugs and antiviral drugs in 15, 12, 11, 3 and 2 patients, respectively. Four patients experienced ADRs related to EEM, all of which were caused by antibiotics. There were potential interactions in the therapeutic drugs in 4 patients.Conclusion:The misdiagnosis rate of AOSD was high. Patients might had accepted multiple EEMs before the definite diagnosis, which posed risks of ADRs and drug interactions.

Objective To investigate the serum S100 calcium-binding protein A4(S100A4)and fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing 5(FNDC5)levels in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and their relationship with pregnancy outcomes.Methods From June 2020 to June 2022,a total of 126 patients with GDM in the hospital were included into GDM group,and 126 healthy pregnant women who underwent prena-tal check ups during the same period were selected as the control group.According to the pregnancy outcome of GDM patients,they were grouped into a good pregnancy outcome group(76 cases)and a adverse pregnancy outcome group(50 cases).The levels of S100A4 and FNDC5 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the influencing factors of pregnancy outcome in GDM pregnant women.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to e-valuate the value of serum S100A4 and FNDC5 in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM pregnant women.Spearman correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between serum S100A4,FNDC5 and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results The serum S100A4 level in GDM group was higher than that in control group(P<0.05),while the serum FNDC5 level was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The serum S100A4 level in the good pregnancy outcome group was lower than that in the adverse pregnancy out-come group(P<0.05),while the serum FNDC5 level was higher than that in the adverse pregnancy outcome group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum S100A4 level in GDM patients was posi-tively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes(P<0.05),while FNDC5 level was negatively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that serum S100A4,fasting blood glucose,and HOMA-IR were risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients(P<0.05),and FNDC5 was a protective factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients(P<0.05).The area un-der the curve of the combination of serum S100A4 and FNDC5 in predicting pregnancy outcomes in GDM was greater than that of S100A4 alone(Z=2.045,P=0.041)and FNDC5 alone(Z=2.010,P=0.044).Conclu-sion The level of S100A4 in the serum of GDM patients is high,and the level of FNDC5 is low.Both have certain reference value for evaluating the pregnancy outcome of GDM pregnant women.

Objective To explore the correlation between serum microRNA-29a-3p(miR-29a-3p),throm-bospondin 2(THBS2)and cardiopulmonary function in children with chronic pulmonary heart disease.Meth-ods A total of 136 children with chronic pulmonary heart disease treated in Shijiazhuang Hospital of Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine from July 2019 to September 2023 were selected as the study subjects.Based on their clinical signs,cardiopulmonary function,and symptoms,they were divided into a compensated group(74 ca-ses)and a decompensated group(62 cases).Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was applied to detect serum miR-29a-3p level,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to detect serum THBS2 level.Moreover,ultrasound diagnostic equipment was applied to detect cardiac function indicators such as left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and cardiac output(CO).Creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB)and troponin(cTnl)were detected by electroluminescence analysis.Pulmonary function indicators were detected by pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP),mean pulmonary artery pressure(MPAP)and pulmonary artery diastolic pressure(PADP).Pearson correlation was used to analyze the corre-lation between serum miR-29a-3p and THBS2 levels and cardiopulmonary function indexes in children with chronic pulmonary heart disease,and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influen-cing factors of the disease in children with chronic pulmonary heart disease.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the evaluation value of serum miR-29a-3p and THBS2 levels in children with chronic pulmonary heart disease.Results The THBS2,CK-MB,cTnI,PASP,MPAP,and PADP in the decompensated group were higher than those in the compensated group(P＜0.05),while miR-29a-3p,LVEF,and CO were lower than those in the compensated group(P＜0.05).Serum miR-29a-3p in children with chro-nic pulmonary heart disease was positively correlated with LVEF and CO(P＜0.05),but negatively correla-ted with CK-MB,cTnI,PASP,MPAP,and PADP(P＜0.05).THBS2 was negatively correlated with LVEF and CO(P＜0.05),but positively correlated with CK-MB,cTnI,PASP,MPAP,and PADP(P＜0.05).MiR-29a-3p was a protective factor for exacerbation of chronic pulmonary heart disease in children(P＜0.05),while THBS2 was an independent risk factor for exacerbation of chronic pulmonary heart disease in children(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of serum miR-29a-3p and THBS2 levels alone and in combination for evaluating the severity of chronic pulmonary heart disease in children were 0.827,0.817 and 0.915,respectively.Conclusion Serum miR-29a-3p and THBS2 levels are both factors affecting the disease of children with chronic pulmonary heart disease,and are closely related to the disease and cardiopulmonary function of children with chronic pulmonary heart disease.

Objective To evaluate the ability of the ratio of peripheral blood white blood cell(WBC)counts to platelet counts to predict the onset of radiation-induced thymic lymphoma(TL)in a mouse model.Methods Mice were subjected to fractionated total-body irradiation(TBI)to established a TL model before the changes of the WBC-to-platelet ratio during the development and progression of TL were investigated.Four-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized into the normal(non-irradiation)group and radiation exposure group that was subjected to 1.8 Gy TBI once weekly for four consecutive weeks.The survival and TL-incidence of those two groups were compared within 370 days of TBI.Histomorphology and hematoxylin & eosin(H&E)staining of the thymus were used for definite diagnosis of TL while flow cytometry was adopted to detect the frequency changes of T cells in the thymus,bone marrow and spleen.Peripheral blood(PB)cell counts were measured to analyze the changes of peripheral hemogram during TL pathogenesis.Results No mice in the normal group were diagnosed with TL while 83％of the irradiated mic suffered from TL within 370 days of fractionated TBI(P＜0.0001).Using histopathologic technology,medium-sized tumor cells were observed in the thymus of irradiated mice diagnosed with TL.Cytometric analysis showed decreased frequencies of CD4 mono-positive cells and increased frequencies of CD8 mono-positive cells in the thymus,bone marrow and spleen of mice diagnosed with TL.PB analysis displayed a significant increase in the WBC-to-platelet ratio one week prior to the TL-caused death in the irradiated mice(P＜0.01).Conclusion Elevation of the peripheral blood WBC-to-platelet ratio can help predict the onset of IR-induced TL of mice.

Objective To investigate the effects of Licorice chalcone A(LCA)on proliferation,migration,invasion and antioxidant capacity of human glioma U87 cells and its mechanism.Methods Glioma U87 cells cultured in vitro were divided into 4 groups,blank control group(conventional culture)and experimental-L,-M,-H groups(5,10,20 μmol·L-1 LC A).Cell proliferation capacity was detected by cell counting kit-8,cell clonogenesis ability was detected by clonogenesis assay,cell migration ability was detected by scratch assay,and cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell assay.Colorimetric assay was used to detect total glutathione(T-GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt).Results The cell proliferation activities of blank control group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were(90.20±2.17)％,(79.06±1.57)％,(66.13±2.11)％and(49.52±1.82)％;cell clone formation rates were(76.83±2.30)％,(42.33±2.09)％,(17.71±1.84)％and(12.12±1.97)％;12 h cell mobility rates were(34.92±2.24)％,(27.90±1.89)％,(18.76±1.14)％and(14.87±0.82)％;24 h cell mobility rates were(50.37±2.61)％,(39.43±2.56)％,(21.11±2.33)％and(18.32±2.39)％;the number of perforated cells were 120.39±4.16,79.95±3.83,45.67±3.55 and 18.14±2.85;T-GSH levels were(71.43±2.39),(58.51±2.91),(49.43±2.78)and(35.44±2.76)μmol·L-1;MDA levels were(4.14±0.91),(7.23±1.75),(9.20±1.56)and(11.37±1.90)nmol·mL-1;SOD levels were(41.44±2.10),(35.43±2.91),(28.56±2.32)and(20.62±2.05)U·mg-1;the relative expression levels of p-Akt were 1.27±0.03,1.06±0.02,0.89±0.01 and 0.60±0.02,respectively.The above indexes were statistically significant between experimental-L,-M,-H groups and blank control group(all P＜0.01).Conclusion LCA can inhibit the proliferation,migration,invasion and induce oxidative damage of glioma U87 cells,and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of p-Akt protein expression in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of acute exacerbation (AE) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and whether Eosinophil (EOS) in peripheral blood can guide the treatment of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).Methods:This study was a single center, Prospective cohort study. The subjects of this study were from stable COPD patients who were treated in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University from January 2020 to December 2021. Patient general information, past year AE status, exposure risk factors, modified version of the British Medical Research Council Respiratory Difficulty Questionnaire (mMRC) score, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Questionnaire (CAT) score, ICS usage, lung function, blood routine, etc. were collected. We followed up the patient for one year. During the follow-up period, the clinical characteristics of patients with and without AE were compared to analyze the correlation between blood EOS and ICS use.Results:The median blood EOS of 617 stable COPD patients was 0.13×10 9/L, 289 patients (46.8%) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had a history of AE, and 207 patients (33.5%) experienced AE during 1-year follow-up. The results of univariate analysis showed that the future occurrence of AE in COPD was correlated with body mass index (BMI), AE history, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grading, GOLD grouping, mMRC score, and CAT score (all P<0.05). The results of logistic multiple factor regression analysis showed that patients with BMI<24 kg/m 2, AE in the past year, severe AE in the past year, smoking history and other exposure factors, GOLD level 2 or above, GOLD C and D groups, and mMRC score≥ 2 had a higher risk of future AE (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of AE between patients with COPD with different levels of EOS and those without ICS during a 1-year follow-up period (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The past 1-year AE history, BMI, exposure risk factors, degree of airflow restriction, and respiratory symptoms of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can predict future AE risk. There is no significant difference in future AE risk among patients with different levels of EOS, and EOS cannot guide ICS treatment to reduce AE risk.