Objective To give references for future study,the current state of research and identify key areas of interest,and development trends in the field of Chinese Materia Medica interventions for PD were examined.Methods Literature on Chinese Materia Medica treatment of PD published between 2004 and 2024 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.After screening,689 articles were included(412 in Chinese,277 in English).CiteSpace software was used for bibliometric and knowledge graph analysis,generating author collaboration networks,institutional collaboration networks,keyword clustering,timeline maps,and keyword burst analysis.Results Over the past two decades,the number of publications has continued to grow globally.Chinese-language studies focused primarily on clinical research,with core authors such as Yi Liu,Jiancheng He,and Jianfen Liang,and institutions like Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine making significant contributions.English-language literature emphasized mechanistic studies,with Kyung Hee University and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as leading research teams.High-frequency keywords included"Parkinson's disease"(346 occurrences),"traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)"(60 occurrences),and"oxidative stress"(11 occurrences).Keyword clustering revealed research hotspots in TCM formulas(e.g.,Zhichan decoction),mechanisms(e.g.,oxidative stress),and integrated TCM-Western medicine therapies(e.g.,Madopar).Burst analysis indicated emerging frontiers in the gut-brain axis,iron metabolism,molecular docking,gut microbiota,and signaling pathways.Conclusions Although there is a lot of potential for treating PD in TCM,there are also a lot of challenges.In order to realize the transformation of TCM from a supportive to a mainstream treatment for PD,and to bring better efficacy to patients in the future,it is necessary to strengthen evidence-based research,deepen the research of mechanisms,promote the construction of standards,explore the integration of Chinese and Western medicine,and improve the evaluation system.

We took the surface spike S protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV)as the research object.Based on the Gram-positive enhancer matrix(GEM)-anchor protein(PA)display platform,two kinds of bacteria-like particles(BLPs)with surface-displayed TGEV DA and S1 were prepared using the insect cell-baculovirus expression system.The results showed that the lev-els of IL-4,IFN-γ,IgG,IgA,and sIgA induced by 50 μg BLP-DA were higher than those of the 25μg group.The levels of IL-4,IFN-γ,and sIgA induced by 50 μg BLP-S1 were higher than those of the 25 μg group,while the levels of IgG and IgA were lower than those of the 25 μg group.Under the same dose,when the dose was 25 μg,the levels of IFN-γ,IgG,IgA,and sIgA induced by BLP-S1 were higher than those of BLP-DA,while the level of IL-4 was lower than that of BLP-DA.When the dose was 50 μg,the level of IgG induced by BLP-DA was higher than that of BLP-S1,while the other indicators were lower than those of BLP-S1.Under different immunization routes,the levels of IgA and sIgA in the gavage group were higher than those in the intramuscular injec-tion group,and the levels of some cytokines were significantly higher in the gavage group than in the intramuscular injection group at specific time points,but there was no significant difference in the levels of IgG antibodies.In conclusion,the two types of TGEV BLPs constructed in this study both have good immunogenicity and can induce cellular and humoral immunity in mice.When the immunization doses are the same,the immunogenicity of BLP-S1 is better than that of BLP-DA.

We took the surface spike S protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV)as the research object.Based on the Gram-positive enhancer matrix(GEM)-anchor protein(PA)display platform,two kinds of bacteria-like particles(BLPs)with surface-displayed TGEV DA and S1 were prepared using the insect cell-baculovirus expression system.The results showed that the lev-els of IL-4,IFN-γ,IgG,IgA,and sIgA induced by 50 μg BLP-DA were higher than those of the 25μg group.The levels of IL-4,IFN-γ,and sIgA induced by 50 μg BLP-S1 were higher than those of the 25 μg group,while the levels of IgG and IgA were lower than those of the 25 μg group.Under the same dose,when the dose was 25 μg,the levels of IFN-γ,IgG,IgA,and sIgA induced by BLP-S1 were higher than those of BLP-DA,while the level of IL-4 was lower than that of BLP-DA.When the dose was 50 μg,the level of IgG induced by BLP-DA was higher than that of BLP-S1,while the other indicators were lower than those of BLP-S1.Under different immunization routes,the levels of IgA and sIgA in the gavage group were higher than those in the intramuscular injec-tion group,and the levels of some cytokines were significantly higher in the gavage group than in the intramuscular injection group at specific time points,but there was no significant difference in the levels of IgG antibodies.In conclusion,the two types of TGEV BLPs constructed in this study both have good immunogenicity and can induce cellular and humoral immunity in mice.When the immunization doses are the same,the immunogenicity of BLP-S1 is better than that of BLP-DA.

Objective To give references for future study,the current state of research and identify key areas of interest,and development trends in the field of Chinese Materia Medica interventions for PD were examined.Methods Literature on Chinese Materia Medica treatment of PD published between 2004 and 2024 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.After screening,689 articles were included(412 in Chinese,277 in English).CiteSpace software was used for bibliometric and knowledge graph analysis,generating author collaboration networks,institutional collaboration networks,keyword clustering,timeline maps,and keyword burst analysis.Results Over the past two decades,the number of publications has continued to grow globally.Chinese-language studies focused primarily on clinical research,with core authors such as Yi Liu,Jiancheng He,and Jianfen Liang,and institutions like Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine making significant contributions.English-language literature emphasized mechanistic studies,with Kyung Hee University and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as leading research teams.High-frequency keywords included"Parkinson's disease"(346 occurrences),"traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)"(60 occurrences),and"oxidative stress"(11 occurrences).Keyword clustering revealed research hotspots in TCM formulas(e.g.,Zhichan decoction),mechanisms(e.g.,oxidative stress),and integrated TCM-Western medicine therapies(e.g.,Madopar).Burst analysis indicated emerging frontiers in the gut-brain axis,iron metabolism,molecular docking,gut microbiota,and signaling pathways.Conclusions Although there is a lot of potential for treating PD in TCM,there are also a lot of challenges.In order to realize the transformation of TCM from a supportive to a mainstream treatment for PD,and to bring better efficacy to patients in the future,it is necessary to strengthen evidence-based research,deepen the research of mechanisms,promote the construction of standards,explore the integration of Chinese and Western medicine,and improve the evaluation system.

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of Dayuanyin on acute lung injury induced by H1N1 infection and decipher the potential mechanism. MethodThe constituents in Dayuanyin were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry （UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS）. Forty-eight female BALB/c mice were randomized into normal， model， oseltamivir （19.5 mg·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （2.73， 5.46， 10.92 g·kg^-1） Dayuanyin groups. The normal and model groups were administrated with deionized water by gavage， and the other groups were administrated with the corresponding drugs by gavage. On day 3 of drug administration， the normal group received nasal inhalation of normal saline， and the other groups were inoculated intranasally with A/RP/8/34 （H1N1） for the modeling of influenza virus infection. Mice were administrated with drugs continuously for 7 days and weighed daily. Sampling was performed 12 h after the last administration， and the lung tissue was weighed to calculate the lung index. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe the pathological and morphological changes of the lung tissue and bronchi. The cytometric bead array （CBA） was used to measure the serum levels of interferon-gamma （IFN-γ）， C-X-C motif ligand 1 （CXCL1）， tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， chemokine ligand 2 （CCL2）， interleukin-12p70 （IL-12p70）， chemokine ligand 5 （CCL5）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， chemokine （C-X-C motif） ligand 10 （CXCL10）， granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor （GM-CSF）， interleukin-10 （IL-10）， interferon-beta （IFN-β）， interferon-alpha （IFN-α）， and interleukin-6 （IL-6）. According to the results of mass spectrometry and network pharmacology， we analyzed the mechanism of Dayuanyin in treating acute lung injury caused by H1N1. The protein levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2）， p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK）， nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB）， and their phosphorylated forms were determined by Western blot. The mRNA levels of myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）， Toll-like receptor 3 （TLR3）， Toll-like receptor 7 （TLR7）， and Toll-like receptor 8 （TLR8） in the lung tissue were measured by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. ResultA total of 57 compounds， including paeoniflorin and baicalein， were detected in Dayuanyin. Compared with the normal group， the model group showed decreased body weight （P<0.01）， lung edema and hemorrhage， increased lung index （P<0.01）， and elevated levels of IFN-γ， IL-12p70， CCL5， IL-1β， CXCL10， GM-CSF， IFN-β， and IL-6 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Dayuanyin attenuated alveolar wall thickening， capillary congestion， and immune cell infiltration， reduced the alterations in body weight and lung index （P<0.01）， and down-regulated the protein levels of IFN-γ， IL-12p70， CCL5， IL-1β， CXCL10， GM-CSF， IFN-β， and IL-6 （P<0.01）. A total of 57 key genes were predicted by network pharmacological analysis， of which the MAPK signaling pathway was the main target signaling pathway. Compared with the normal group， the model group showed up-regulation in the protein levels of phosphorylation （p）-ERK1/2， p-p38 MAPK， and p-NF-κB （P<0.01） and the mRNA levels of TLR7， TLR8， MyD88， and TLR3 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Dayuanyin lowered the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2， p38 MAPK， and NF-κB p65 in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.01） and down-regulated the mRNA levels of TLR3， TLR7， TLR8， and MyD88 （P<0.01）. ConclusionDayuanyin can prevent and control H1N1 infection-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the TLR/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) for treating depression and to explore the role of brevican in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in modulating stress susceptibility and the antidepressant effects of EA in rats. Methods: Twenty-four Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into three groups: green fluorescent protein (GFP) + control, GFP + chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS), and short-hairpin RNA targeting on brevican (shBcan) + CUMS. Another 24 SD rats were equally divided into CUMS + GFP, CUMS + GFP + EA, and CUMS + shBcan + EA groups. Behavioral tests were conducted to assess depression-like behavior. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the expression of brevican, aggrecan, GLuA1, and PSD95 in mPFC subregions. Results: Behavioral parameter evaluation show that rats in the shBcan + CUMS group exhibited a significantly reduced sucrose preference (P = .0002) and increased immobility time (P = .0011) compared to those in rats in the GFP + CUMS group. Western blotting showed that brevican expression was significantly downregulated in the PrL of the shBcan + CUMS group compared with that in the GFP + CUMS group (P = .0192). Furthermore, compared to the CUMS + GFP + EA group, the CUMS + shBcan + EA group exhibited a significantly decreased sucrose preference (P = .0334), increased immobility time (P = .0465), and increased latency to food (P = .0261). In the CUMS + shBcan + EA group, the EA-induced brevican and PSD95 overexpression was reversed, compared with that in the CUMS + GFP + EA group (P = .0454 and P = .0198, respectively). Conclusion EA exerts its antidepressant effects through the modulation of brevican expression in rats. Our findings highlight the important role for brevican in stress susceptibility, which could be a potential target for treating depression.

Objective:To assess the feasibility, efficacy, and therapeutic advantages of radioactive 125I seed implantation for the treatment of abdominal metastases. Methods:The clinical data of eight patients with abdominal metastases treated with radioactive 125I seed implantation were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Of the three pelvic metastasis cases, two patients with grade II pain had postoperative pain relief, and one patient with grade III pain had a gradual decrease in pain to grade I one week after surgery. One patient with lower extremity edema had complete disappearance of edema one month after surgery. The lumbar back pain disappeared after ureteral stent implantation in one patient with ureteral compression. In three patients with perineal drop sensation, the discomfort disappeared at the 2-month postoperative follow-up. In two patients with abdominal wall metastases, the pain disappeared one day after surgery, and the metastatic lesions gradually decreased in size. Postoperative re-evaluation of patients with multiple peripancreatic and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases showed the disappearance of lymph node enlargement.Conclusion:Radioactive 125I seed implantation can effectively improve the life quality of patients with abdominal metastases.

Infectious bronchitis in chickens is a serious threat to the global poultry industry.Despite the availability of commercial vaccines,the epidemic has not been effectively controlled.Therefore,the development of novel vaccines may provide new ways to prevent and control this disease.In this study,BLP-S1,a bacterium-like particle displaying the S1 subunit of infectious bronchitis virus on its surface,was constructed using the GEM-PA system.The immunoprotection results showed that BLP-S1 effectively induced the production of specific IgG and sIgA in commercial chickens and provided effective protection against a heterologous strain with a protection rate of up to 90％.This study demonstrated that BLP-S1 has good immunogenicity and immunoprotection,with the poten-tial to develop a novel vaccine against infectious bronchitis.

Aim To investigate the effect of quercetin(Que)on podocyte inflammatory injury and the under-lying mechanism.Methods MPC5 cells were divided into normal glucose group(NG),mannitol group(MA),high glucose group(HG)and high glucose+quercetin group(HG+Que).Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometry.The expression of SIRT1,STAT3,apoptosis-related proteins(Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-3)and pyroptosis pro-tein GSDME was detected by Western blot.The ex-pression levels of inflammatory factors(IL-6,TNF-α,IL-18,IL-1β)in cell supernatants were detected by ELISA.Then small interfering RNA technology was used to knockdown SIRT1 expression.To further eval-uate the biological significance of SIRT1 in response to high glucose and Que treatment,negative control group(HG+si-NC+Que)and SIRT1 interference group(HG+si-SIRT1+Que)were added in the presence of high glucose and Que.Results Compared with the high glucose group,40 μmol·L-1 Que could alleviate the apoptosis of MPC5 cells induced by high glucose,decrease the expression of apoptosis related protein Bax and caspase-3,as well as increase the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2;ELISA results showed that Que could decrease the expression of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1 β and IL-18 induced by high glucose.Mechanical-ly,Que could alleviate the inhibitory effect of high glu-cose on the expression of SIRT1,and further decrease the activation of STAT3 and N-GSDME,and inhibit pyroptosis.Compared with the si-NC group,si-SIRT1 group could reverse the protective effect of Que on the high glucose induced inflammatory damage of podo-cytes,the expression of apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3 increased,while the expression of anti-apop-totic protein Bcl-2 decreased.At the same time,the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1 βand IL-18 in supernatants increased,and the expres-sion of STAT3 and N-GSDME increased.Conclusion Que could inhibit pyroptosis and relieve the inflam-matory damage of podocytes through SIRT1/STAT3/GSDME pathway.

AIM To optimize the stir-frying with sand process for Aconitum brachypodum Diels.,and to investigate its acute toxicity,anti-arrhythmic activity.METHODS With frying temperature,frying time and drug-sand ratio as influencing factors,comprehensive score for total contents of diester alkaloids (aconitine,yunaconitine) and monoester alkaloids (benzoylaconitine,16-epi-pyroaconitine,8-deacetylyunaconitine,pyroyunaconitine) as evaluation indices,the stir-frying with sand process was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method.Acute toxicity test was adopted in the calculation of LD50 of raw product and stir-frying with sand-processed product.The model for rat arrhythmia was established,after which ventricular premature beat latency and incidence of ventricular tachycardia were determined.RESULTS The optimal conditions were determined to be 210℃ for frying temperature,15 min for frying time was,and 1∶15 for drug-sand ratio,the comprehensive score was 93.932.The LD50 of raw product,stir-frying with sand-processed product were 0.076,0.799 g/kg,respectively.Compared with the model group,different doses (5,8,12,16 mg/kg) of stir-frying with sand-processed product groups demonstrated prolonged ventricular premature beat latencies (P<0.05).Compared with the 5 mg/kg dose group,the 12-16 mg/kg dose group displayed decreased incidence of ventricular tachycardia (P<0.05).CONCLUSION Reduced acute toxicity of A.brachypodum is observable after stir-frying with sand,which exhibits strong anti-arrhythmic activity at high dose.