Objective:To explore the aperiodic components(1/f slopes)and their associations with cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Nineteen patients with schizophrenia according to the Interna-tional Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problem,Tenth Revision(ICD-10)and 21 normal controls were administrated the total Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia(BACS)to measure the cogni-tive performance.The 5-minute eyes-closed and eyes-open resting EEG signals were collected and parameterized in-to aperiodic components(1/f slope).Finally,Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationships between the 1/f slope and cognition assessment scores.Results:The patients with schizophrenia had higher 1/f slope compared to HC on central location of scalp(P＜0.05).The vocal memory scores showed a significantly positive relation with 1/f slopes in patients with schizophrenia(anterior location:r=-0.68,P＜0.05;central location:r=-0.44,P＜0.05),but a significantly negative relation in normal controls(anterior location:r=0.57,P＜0.05;posterior lo-cation:r=0.54,P＜0.05).Conclusion:The 1/f slopes of EEG in schizophrenia were steeper than normal control,suggesting its strong cognitive functional significance and complex mechanisms in schizophrenia.

AIM: To investigate the abnormal conditions and change patterns of accommodative facility in patients with different refractive states before and after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)surgery.METHODS:A prospective clinical cohort study was conducted. A total of 59 patients(118 eyes)who underwent SMILE surgery and had visual function files established in our hospital from June to December 2023 were randomly selected, including 37 males and 22 females, aged 18-35 years(with an average age of 25.19±5.65 years). According to the preoperative spherical equivalent(SE), they were divided into two groups: the low-to-moderate myopia group(SE≥-6.00 DS)with 40 patients(80 eyes), and the high myopia group(SE<-6.00 DS)with 19 patients(38 eyes). The monocular and binocular accommodative facility before surgery and at 1 wk and 1 mo after surgery were compared, and the changes in accommodative facility before and after SMILE surgery in the two groups of patients were analyzed.RESULTS:All surgeries were completed successfully. In the low-to-moderate myopia group, 33 cases(66 eyes)completed the 1-month follow-up after surgery, with a loss to follow-up rate of 17.5%(7/40). In the high myopia group, 15 patients(30 eyes)completed the 1-month follow-up after surgery, with a loss to follow-up rate of 21.1%(4/19). After SMILE surgery, the uncorrected visual acuity and SE of both low-to-moderate myopia and high myopia were significantly improved(all P<0.05). The accommodative facility of the right eyes in all the patients at 1 mo after surgery was better than that before surgery and at 1 wk after surgery(P=0.002, 0.006), the accommodative facility of the left eyes was significantly increased at 1 mo after surgery than that at 1 wk after surgery(P=0.005), and the binocular accommodative facility at 1 mo after surgery was significantly increased compared with that before surgery(P<0.017). Furthermore, there were statistical significance in accommodative facility of the right eyes in the low-to-moderate group at 1 mo compared with that before surgery and at 1 wk after surgery(P=0.011, 0.004); it was significantly increased in the left eyes at 1 mo after surgery compared with that at 1 wk after surgery(P=0.001), and binocular accommodative facility at 1 mo after surgery was significantly better than that before surgery(P<0.001). Furthermore, there was no statistical significance in the right, left and binocular accommodative facility of patients in the high myopia group(all P>0.017).CONCLUSION: After SMILE surgery, the monocular accommodative facility shows a transient decrease and then exceeds the preoperative level at 1 mo after surgery, and the binocular accommodative facility gradually improves after surgery. SMILE surgery has a positive impact on the monocular and binocular accommodative facility in patients with low-to-moderate myopia, but has no significant impact on the accommodative facility in patients with high myopia. It is of clinical significance to strengthen the detection of monocular and binocular accommodative facility before and after SMILE surgery.

Objective:To explore the aperiodic components(1/f slopes)and their associations with cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Nineteen patients with schizophrenia according to the Interna-tional Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problem,Tenth Revision(ICD-10)and 21 normal controls were administrated the total Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia(BACS)to measure the cogni-tive performance.The 5-minute eyes-closed and eyes-open resting EEG signals were collected and parameterized in-to aperiodic components(1/f slope).Finally,Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationships between the 1/f slope and cognition assessment scores.Results:The patients with schizophrenia had higher 1/f slope compared to HC on central location of scalp(P＜0.05).The vocal memory scores showed a significantly positive relation with 1/f slopes in patients with schizophrenia(anterior location:r=-0.68,P＜0.05;central location:r=-0.44,P＜0.05),but a significantly negative relation in normal controls(anterior location:r=0.57,P＜0.05;posterior lo-cation:r=0.54,P＜0.05).Conclusion:The 1/f slopes of EEG in schizophrenia were steeper than normal control,suggesting its strong cognitive functional significance and complex mechanisms in schizophrenia.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal delivery of compound glycyrrhizin injection as an adjunctive treatment for erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR).Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial conducted from March to October 2024. At Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital, 60 patients with newly diagnosed ETR were prospectively enrolled and randomized by a random number table into study group [ n=30; 6 male and 24 female; aged 18-60 (38.9±9.8) years] and control group [ n=30; 4 male and 26 female; aged 18-60 (35.7±10.1) years]. The study group received transdermal delivery of compound glycyrrhizin injection by a medium-frequency drug-delivery therapeutic apparatus together with oral azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine sulfate, whereas the control group received oral azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine sulfate. The efficacy evaluations were conducted at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 post-treatment. Outcome measures included percentage of erythema area, stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), clinician′s erythema assessment (CEA), erythema and telangiectasia scores, dermatology life quality index (DLQI), and efficacy rate. Adverse reactions during treatment were also recorded. Results:Compared with baseline, both groups exhibited significant reductions in percentage of erythema area, TEWL, CEA, erythema and telangiectasia score, and DLQI, and significant increases in stratum corneum hydration at each post-treatment time point (all P<0.05). After 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of treatment, the percentage of erythema area, erythema and telangiectasia scores in the study group were all lower than those in the control group, while the stratum corneum hydration level in the study group was higher than that in the control group (all P<0.05). After 4, 6, and 8 weeks of treatment, TEWL, CEA, and DLQI in the study group were all lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the efficacy rate in the study group was 56.7% (17/30), which was higher than that of the control group at 23.3% (7/30, P=0.046). After 6 weeks of treatment, the efficacy rate in the study group was 83.3% (25/30), higher than that of the control group at 50.0% (15/30, P=0.020). After 8 weeks of treatment, the efficacy rate in the study group was 86.7% (26/30), higher than that of the control group at 66.7% (20/30, P<0.001). No severe adverse reactions were observed in either group. Conclusion:Transdermal delivery of compound glycyrrhizin injection as an adjunctive treatment for ETR demonstrates favorable efficacy and good safety.

Objective:To analyze the composition and diversity characteristics of facial microbial communities in patients with moderate acne.Methods:This prospective study enrolled 30 patients with moderate acne [12 males, 18 females; aged 21-30 (25.4±2.5) years] from the Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital from March to July 2021. Thirty healthy controls [13 males, 17 females; aged 24-29 (25.2±1.4) years] were included during the same period. Facial skin swabs were collected from both groups. Total DNA was extracted, followed by PCR amplification, library preparation, and PE250 sequencing. After splicing, filtering, denoising, and chimera removal, amplicon sequence variants (ASV) feature tables and representative sequences were generated to compare microbial community differences between the two groups.Results:A total of 60 samples were sequenced, yielding 2 021 342 valid sequences. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were clustered into 8 379 ASV, with 589 ASV shared between the two groups, while 6 445 ASV were uniquely identified in healthy controls. At the phylum level, both groups showed similar dominant phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the acne group was predominantly colonized by Ralstonia (relative abundance 31.85%) and Staphylococcus (28.04%), while healthy controls exhibited more balanced distributions, primarily Staphylococcus (9.18%) and Enhydrobacter (7.37%). Alpha diversity analysis, Beta diversity analysis, and LefSe analysis revealed statistically significant differences in microbial communities between groups ( R2=0.157, P<0.001). The acne group showed lower microbial richness and evenness compared to healthy controls (both P<0.001). Conclusion:Patients with moderate acne exhibit microecological imbalance in facial microbial communities, characterized by reduced microbial richness and evenness.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal delivery of compound glycyrrhizin injection as an adjunctive treatment for erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR).Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial conducted from March to October 2024. At Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital, 60 patients with newly diagnosed ETR were prospectively enrolled and randomized by a random number table into study group [ n=30; 6 male and 24 female; aged 18-60 (38.9±9.8) years] and control group [ n=30; 4 male and 26 female; aged 18-60 (35.7±10.1) years]. The study group received transdermal delivery of compound glycyrrhizin injection by a medium-frequency drug-delivery therapeutic apparatus together with oral azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine sulfate, whereas the control group received oral azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine sulfate. The efficacy evaluations were conducted at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 post-treatment. Outcome measures included percentage of erythema area, stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), clinician′s erythema assessment (CEA), erythema and telangiectasia scores, dermatology life quality index (DLQI), and efficacy rate. Adverse reactions during treatment were also recorded. Results:Compared with baseline, both groups exhibited significant reductions in percentage of erythema area, TEWL, CEA, erythema and telangiectasia score, and DLQI, and significant increases in stratum corneum hydration at each post-treatment time point (all P<0.05). After 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks of treatment, the percentage of erythema area, erythema and telangiectasia scores in the study group were all lower than those in the control group, while the stratum corneum hydration level in the study group was higher than that in the control group (all P<0.05). After 4, 6, and 8 weeks of treatment, TEWL, CEA, and DLQI in the study group were all lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the efficacy rate in the study group was 56.7% (17/30), which was higher than that of the control group at 23.3% (7/30, P=0.046). After 6 weeks of treatment, the efficacy rate in the study group was 83.3% (25/30), higher than that of the control group at 50.0% (15/30, P=0.020). After 8 weeks of treatment, the efficacy rate in the study group was 86.7% (26/30), higher than that of the control group at 66.7% (20/30, P<0.001). No severe adverse reactions were observed in either group. Conclusion:Transdermal delivery of compound glycyrrhizin injection as an adjunctive treatment for ETR demonstrates favorable efficacy and good safety.

Objective:To analyze the composition and diversity characteristics of facial microbial communities in patients with moderate acne.Methods:This prospective study enrolled 30 patients with moderate acne [12 males, 18 females; aged 21-30 (25.4±2.5) years] from the Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital from March to July 2021. Thirty healthy controls [13 males, 17 females; aged 24-29 (25.2±1.4) years] were included during the same period. Facial skin swabs were collected from both groups. Total DNA was extracted, followed by PCR amplification, library preparation, and PE250 sequencing. After splicing, filtering, denoising, and chimera removal, amplicon sequence variants (ASV) feature tables and representative sequences were generated to compare microbial community differences between the two groups.Results:A total of 60 samples were sequenced, yielding 2 021 342 valid sequences. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were clustered into 8 379 ASV, with 589 ASV shared between the two groups, while 6 445 ASV were uniquely identified in healthy controls. At the phylum level, both groups showed similar dominant phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the acne group was predominantly colonized by Ralstonia (relative abundance 31.85%) and Staphylococcus (28.04%), while healthy controls exhibited more balanced distributions, primarily Staphylococcus (9.18%) and Enhydrobacter (7.37%). Alpha diversity analysis, Beta diversity analysis, and LefSe analysis revealed statistically significant differences in microbial communities between groups ( R2=0.157, P<0.001). The acne group showed lower microbial richness and evenness compared to healthy controls (both P<0.001). Conclusion:Patients with moderate acne exhibit microecological imbalance in facial microbial communities, characterized by reduced microbial richness and evenness.

Objective To provide a reference for the selection of frailty assessment tools for stroke patients by conducting a literature review of existing frailty assessment tools for stroke patients. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, SinoMed, Wanfang, VIP, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) databases from their inception to May 2023. The literature that met the research purpose and question were screened, and the basic information of each article, including the first author, publication year, country of publication, type of research design, name of the assessment tool, dimensions of scale, the number of items, and assessment time, was extracted. Results A total of 1, 729 articles were retrieved in this study. After multiple screenings, 22 articles (including 8 frailty assessment tools) were ultimately included. The analysis results showed that the evaluation indicators, evaluation time, and evaluation methods of the 8 frailty assessment tools were different and had their own advantages and disadvantages. Among them, the frailty index was the most commonly used frailty assessment tool for stroke patients. The selection of effective frailty assessment tools for stroke patients is essential for strengthening prestroke risk stratification and improving poststroke outcomes. Conclusion There are significant differences among different frailty assessment tools, and existing assessment tools have limitations in measuring frailty in stroke patients. Comprehensive assessments should be conducted in combination with clinicians' experience and judgment. New frailty assessment tools are needed in future research to better guide the rehabilitation treatment and management of stroke patients.

Background and objective Both of lung cancer incidence and mortality rank first among all cancers in China.Previous lung cancer screening trials were mostly selective screening for high-risk groups such as smokers.Non-smoking women accounted for a considerable proportion of lung cancer cases in Asia.This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of community-based mass screening in Guangzhou and identify the high-risk factors for lung cancer.Methods Residents aged 40-74 years in Guangzhou were screened with low-dose computed tomography(LDCT)for lung cancer and the pulmonary nodules were classified and managed according to China National Lung Cancer Screening Guideline with Low-dose Computed Tomography(2018 version).The detection rate of positive nodules was calculated.Before the LDCT examination,residents were required to complete a"lung cancer risk factors questionnaire".The risk factors of the questionnaire were analyzed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)penalized Logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 6256 residents were included in this study.1228 positive nodules(19.63％)and 117 lung cancers were confirmed,including 6 cases of Tis,103 cases of stage Ⅰ(accounting for 88.03％of lung cancer).The results of LASSO penalized Logistic regression analysis indicated that age ≥50 yr(OR=1.07,95％CI:1.06-1.07),history of cancer(OR=3.29,95％CI:3.22-3.37),textile industry(OR=1.10,95％CI:1.08-1.13),use coal for cooking in childhood(OR=1.14,95％CI:1.13-1.16)and food al-lergy(OR=1.10,95％CI:1.07-1.13)were risk factors of lung cancer for female in this district.Conclusion This study highlighted that numerous early stages of lung cancer cases were detected by LDCT,which could be applied to screen-ing of lung cancer in women.Besides,age ≥50 yr,personal history of cancer,textile industry and use coal for cooking in childhood are risk factors for women in this district,which suggested that it's high time to raise the awareness of early lung cancer screening in this group.

Objective To investigate the causal association of liver function and lipid metabolism levels with sleep disorders based on the Mendelian randomization analysis.Methods The analysis was conducted using the data from genome-wide association studies,with the exposure factors of liver function and lipid metabolism levels(alanine aminotransferase[ALT],aspartate aminotransferase[AST],gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase[GGT],albumin[Alb],serum total protein[TP],total bilirubin[TBil],alkaline phosphatase[ALP],triglyceride[TG],triglyceride-to-glycerol-3-phosphate[TG/G3P]ratio,total cholesterol[TC],high-density lipoprotein cholesterol[HDL-C],low-density lipoprotein cholesterol[LDL-C],poly-unsaturated fatty acids[PUFA],total fatty acids[TFA],PUFA/TFA ratio)and the outcome factor of sleep disorders(nonorganic).The regression models including inverse variance weighted,MR-Egger,Simple mode,weighted median,and Weighted mode were used to perform the Mendelian randomization analysis.Results Serum Alb(odds ratio[OR]=0.728,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.535-0.989,P＜0.05),HDL-C(OR=0.879,95%CI:0.784-0.986,P＜0.05),and PUFA/TFA ratio(OR=0.800,95%CI:0.642-0.998,P＜0.05)were negatively associated with sleep disorders,while TG/G3P ratio(OR=1.222,95%CI:1.044-1.431,P＜0.05)was positively associated with sleep disorders.The results of Mendelian randomization did not show a causal association of ALT,AST,GGT,TP,TBil,ALP,TG,TC,LDL-C,PUFA,and TFA with sleep disorders(all P＞0.05).The results of the MR-Egger intercept test showed no pleiotropy(P＞0.05),and Mendelian randomization was a valid method for causal inference in this study.Conclusion According to the results of the Mendelian randomization analysis,liver function and lipid metabolism show significant association with sleep disorders.Liver function and lipid metabolism can be used as indicators for predicting the risk of sleep disorders and performing intervention.