Objective To construct and compare logistic regression and decision tree models for predicting systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients with type B aortic dissection (TBAD) after interventional surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of TBAD patients at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from 2020 to 2024. The patients were divided into a SIRS group and a non SIRS group based on whether SIRS occurred within 24 hours after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of SIRS occurrence in TBAD intervention patients, and a decision tree model was constructed using SPSS Modeler to compare the predictive performance of the two models. Results A total of 742 patients with TBAD were included, including 579 males and 163 females, aged 27-97 (58.85±10.79) years. Within 24 hours after intervention, a total of 506 patients developed SIRS, with an incidence rate of 68.19%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the extensive involvement of the dissection, the surgical time≥2 hours, PET coated stents implanted, serum creatinine, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, monocyte (MONO), neutrophil count levels elevated, estimated glomerular filtration rate and decreased albumin levels were independent risk factors for SIRS (P<0.05). The decision tree model selected a total of 10 explanatory variables and 6 layers with 37 nodes, among which MONO was the most important predictor. The area under the decision tree model curve was 0.829 [95%CI (0.800, 0.856)], which was better than the logistic regression model's 0.690 [95%CI (0.655, 0.723)], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion The incidence of SIRS after TBAD intervention is high, and the decision tree model has better predictive performance than logistic regression. It can identify high-risk patients with higher accuracy and provide a practical tool for early clinical intervention.

Bacillus velezensis DJ1 exhibits broad-spectrum antagonistic activity against diverse phytopathogenic fungi, while its biocontrol mechanisms against Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of maize stalk rot, remain poorly characterized. In this study, we integrated genomics and transcriptomics to elucidate the antifungal mechanisms of strain DJ1. The results demonstrated that DJ1 inhibited F. graminearum with the efficacy of 64.4%, while its polyketide crude extract achieved the control efficacy of 55% in pot experiments against this disease. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a single circular chromosome (3 929 792 bp, GC content of 47%) harboring 12 biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites, six of which encoded known antimicrobial compounds (macrolactin H, bacillaene, difficidin, surfactin, fengycin, and bacilysin). Transcriptomic analysis identified 243 differentially expressed genes (152 upregulated and 91 downregulated, P < 0.05), which were potentially associated with the antagonistic activity against F. graminearum. KEGG enrichment analysis highlighted activation (P < 0.05) of cysteine/methionine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and polyketide biosynthesis pathways, indicating that DJ1 employed synergistic strategies involving antimicrobial compound synthesis, energy metabolism enhancement, and nutrient competition to suppress pathogens. This study provides a theoretical foundation for developing novel microbial resources and application technologies to combat phytopathogenic fungi.
Fusarium/drug effects* ; Bacillus/metabolism* ; Plant Diseases/prevention & control* ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology* ; Genomics ; Zea mays/microbiology* ; Transcriptome ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Antibiosis ; Multigene Family ; Multiomics

Objective:To explore the effect of companion robot therapy in dementia patients through Meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of companion robot therapy in patients with dementia were searched in both English and Chinese databases with a search period from database establishment to April 30, 2024. Two researchers used the Risk of Bias ROB 2 software to evaluate the quality of the included literature and analyzed it using Stata 17.0 software.Results:A total of 10 papers were included. Meta-analysis showed that the effect of the companion robot on depression in dementia patients was statistically significant when comparing experimental group with control group [ SMD=1.09, 95% CI (0.02, 2.17), P=0.047], and that the improvement of agitated behavior [ SMD=-0.28, 95% CI (-0.53, -0.04), P=0.02] and anxiety [ WMD=2.80, 95% CI (2.70, 2.90), P<0.01] in experimental group were better than those in control group, and the differences were all statistically significant. However, the differences in the effects on quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms in experimental group compared with control group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:Companion robots have positive effects on improving depression, agitated behavior, and anxiety in dementia patients, and are not yet effective in improving quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which need to be validated by high-quality studies in the future.

Objective:To explore the effect of companion robot therapy in dementia patients through Meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of companion robot therapy in patients with dementia were searched in both English and Chinese databases with a search period from database establishment to April 30, 2024. Two researchers used the Risk of Bias ROB 2 software to evaluate the quality of the included literature and analyzed it using Stata 17.0 software.Results:A total of 10 papers were included. Meta-analysis showed that the effect of the companion robot on depression in dementia patients was statistically significant when comparing experimental group with control group [ SMD=1.09, 95% CI (0.02, 2.17), P=0.047], and that the improvement of agitated behavior [ SMD=-0.28, 95% CI (-0.53, -0.04), P=0.02] and anxiety [ WMD=2.80, 95% CI (2.70, 2.90), P<0.01] in experimental group were better than those in control group, and the differences were all statistically significant. However, the differences in the effects on quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms in experimental group compared with control group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:Companion robots have positive effects on improving depression, agitated behavior, and anxiety in dementia patients, and are not yet effective in improving quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which need to be validated by high-quality studies in the future.

From October 2021 to February 2023, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of six patients (three male and three female, median age: 54 years, age range: 29-73 years) with mast cell leukemia (MCL) diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (The Mastocytosis Collaborative Network of China). All patients had acute MCL, with at least one C-finding present. The main clinical presentations were hypoalbuminemia ( n=4), fatigue ( n=3), fever ( n=2), abdominal discomfort ( n=2), osteolytic lesions ( n=2), dizziness ( n=1), skin flushing ( n=1), and weight loss ( n=1). Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy were noted in six and three patients, respectively. Six patients were strongly positive for CD117, five were positive for CD30 and CD25, and four were positive for CD2. Four patients had a normal karyotype and two patients had an abnormal karyotype. Gene mutations were detected in 4/6 cases. The median serum tryptase level was 24.9 (range: 20.1-171.9) μg/L. Two patients were treated with venetoclax and azacitidine for induction (one patient achieved partial remission by combination with afatinib, while there was no remission after combination with dasatinib in the other patient). Two patients did not achieve complete remission despite treatment with cladribine and imatinib, respectively. One patient treated with interferon combined with glucocorticoids was lost to follow-up, and one patient abandoned treatment. The follow-up time ranged from 1.1 to 21.7 months. Three patients died and two survived. Overall, MCL is a rare subtype of systemic mastocytosis with heterogeneous clinical course, and these patients have poor outcome. A better understanding of the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of MCL is urgently needed.

Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA sequences that can specifically bind with the target protein or molecule via specific secondary structures. Compared to antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), aptamer‒drug conjugate (ApDC) is also an efficient, targeted drug for cancer therapy with a smaller size, higher chemical stability, lower immunogenicity, faster tissue penetration, and facile engineering. Despite all these advantages, several key factors have delayed the clinical translation of ApDC, such as in vivo off-target effects and potential safety issues. In this review, we highlight the most recent progress in the development of ApDC and discuss solutions to the problems noted above.

Objective:To explore the changes of hip joint function in patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA) within three months after operation, and to explore the impact of fear of falling on hip joint function recovery.Methods:From December 2020 to August 2021, 205 patients with THA after operation in the Xinjiang Uygur Municipal People's Hospital were selected as the study subject by objective sampling. The patients were investigated with the General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese version of Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) , and the Harris Hip Score after the first activity out of bed, one month and three months after operation. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of FES-I in Chinese version and the scores of Harris Hip Score in different periods after operation, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of hip joint function recovery in different periods after operation.Results:After the first activity out of bed, one month and three months after operation, the FES-I scores of 205 patients after THA were (32.24±6.05) , (30.94±6.04) and (28.48±3.52) respectively, and the scores of Harris Hip Score were (61.49±8.92) , (72.58±5.52) and (89.15±5.70) respectively, and the correlation analysis showed that they were negatively correlated ( r=-0.512, -0.523, -0.549; P<0.05) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age and fear of falling were the influencing factors for the hip joint function recovery when THA patients got out of bed for the first time after operation ( P<0.05) , which could explain 31.2% of the total variation. Sex, age, number of concomitant diseases and fear of falling were the influencing factors of hip joint function recovery in THA patients one month after operation ( P<0.05) , which could explain 43.7% of the total variation. Sex, age, number of concomitant diseases and fear of falling were the influencing factors of hip joint function recovery in THA patients three months after operation ( P<0.05) , which could explain 36.9% of the total variation. Conclusions:The recovery of hip joint function in THA patients shows an overall upward trend three months after operation. The impact of fear of falling on the recovery of hip joint function in different periods persists. The higher the level of fear of falling, the worse the recovery of hip joint function. Nurses should evaluate the patients' fear of falling at different periods after operation, and strengthen the attention and guidance to patients with high fear of falling, elderly patients, and patients with other diseases, so as to promote the recovery of patients' joint function.

Objectives:To investigate the clinical and genetic features of young Chinese patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) .Methods:In this cross-sectional study, anonymous questionnaires were distributed to patients with MPN patients nationwide. The respondents were divided into 3 groups based on their age at diagnosis: young (≤40 years) , middle-aged (41-60 years) , and elderly (>60 years) . We compared the clinical and genetic characteristics of three groups of MPN patients.Results:1727 assessable questionnaires were collected. There were 453 (26.2%) young respondents with MPNs, including 274 with essential thrombocythemia (ET) , 80 with polycythemia vera (PV) , and 99 with myelofibrosis. Among the young group, 178 (39.3%) were male, and the median age was 31 (18-40) years. In comparison to middle-aged and elderly respondents, young respondents with MPN were more likely to present with a higher proportion of unmarried status (all P<0.001) , a higher education level (all P<0.001) , less comorbidity (ies) , fewer medications (all P<0.001) , and low-risk stratification (all P<0.001) . Younger respondents experienced headache (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.007; MF, P=0.001) at diagnosis, had splenomegaly at diagnosis (PV, P<0.001) , and survey (ET, P=0.052; PV, P=0.063) . Younger respondents had fewer thrombotic events at diagnosis (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.011) and during the survey (ET, P<0.001; PV, P=0.003) . JAK2 mutations were found in fewer young people (ET, P<0.001; PV, P<0.001; MF, P=0.013) ; however, CALR mutations were found in more young people (ET, P<0.001; MF, P=0.015) . Furthermore, mutations in non-driver genes (ET, P=0.042; PV, P=0.043; MF, P=0.004) and high-molecular risk mutations (ET, P=0.024; PV, P=0.023; MF, P=0.001) were found in fewer young respondents. Conclusion:Compared with middle-aged and elderly patients, young patients with MPN had unique clinical and genetic characteristics.

Objective To determine the serum IgM and IgG antibody levels post-COVID-19 vaccination， and provide scientific evidence for COVID-19 antibody response after vaccination. Methods A total of 980 healthy persons were included in Kunming Third People’s Hospital from July through August， 2021， which had been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines and then tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies. Results After the COVID-19 vaccination， 469 persons （positive rate， 47.86%） were positive for anti-IgG antibody. Of them， 75 were males with （positive rate， 39.06%）， and the average IgG level was 0.618 （0.180， 2.526） AU·mL^-1［M（Q₁，Q₃）］； 394 were females （50.00%）， and the IgG level was 0.999 （0.305， 3.334） AU·mL^-1. In addition， 53 persons （5.41%） were anti-IgM antibody positive. Of them， 14 were males （positive rate， 7.29%）， and the average IgM level was 0.057 （0.026， 0.195） AU·mL^-1； 39 were females （4.95%）， and the IgM level was 0.047 （0.027， 0.110） AU·mL^-1. The positive rate of anti-IgG antibody was highest in those aged ≤30 years， which was 51.02% in male （n=25） and 55.88% in female （n=133）. The anti-IgG response differed significantly by gender （χ²=7.401， D=0.135 1， P<0.05）， whereas the anti-IgM response was not significantly different （χ²=1.656， P>0.05）. Among the age groups， anti-IgG antibody level was higher in those aged ≤30 and 51-70 years， with 158 （55.05%） and 122 （52.36%） persons， respectively； the average antibody level was 1.209 （0.426， 4.386） AU·mL^-1 and 1.074 （0.191， 7.670） AU·mL^-1， respectively. The differences in the positive rates of IgG and IgM antibodies and the levels of IgG antibodies among different age groups were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Using Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation analysis， it showed a high correlation between the IgG and IgM antibodies （r=0.836 4， H=64.82， 20.09， P<0.05）. Conclusion The Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody remains high six months post-COVID-19 vaccination， while anti-IgM antibody is low. The IgM and IgG response are higher in the young and elderly. The response differs by gender and age， demonstrating a correlation.

Objective To study mechanical properties of the novel micro-movement elastic implant of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis in dorsiflexion position.Methods A combination of simulation and experiment was used. The normal ankle dorsiflexion model, the bone nail repaired model and the micro-movement elastic implant repaired model were established by using Mimics and CT data. Besides, ANSYS Workbench was used for finite element analysis. Mechanical experiments on lower limb specimens were conducted on Instron E10000 mechanical test instrument, and five sets of experimental data were measured and analyzed.Results Mechanical properties of the micro-movement elastic implant repaired model were closer to those of the normal ankle dorsiflexion model, but stress of the micro-movement elastic implant repaired mode was greater than that of the bone nail repaired model. The results of two-sample heteroscedasticity t test indicated that there was no significant difference in resistance torque between the micro-movement elastic implant repaired model and the normal ankle dorsiflexion model.Conclusions For dorsiflexion position, repairing mechanical properties of the novel micro-movement elastic implant are much better than those of the bone nail, and there is still room for optimizing the micro-movement elastic implant.