Objective:To investigate the association of urinary cadmium level with body mass index (BMI) and body circumferences among the older adults over 65 years old in 9 longevity areas of China.Methods:Subjects were older adults over 65 years old from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study (HABCS) between 2017 and 2018 conducted in 9 longevity areas in China. A total of 1 968 older adults were included in this study. Information including socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, diet intake, and health status was collected by using questionnaires and physical examinations. Urine samples were collected to detect urinary cadmium and creatinine levels. Body circumferences included waist circumference, hip circumference and calf circumference. Subjects were divided into three groups (low:<0.77 μg/g·creatinine, middle:0.77-1.69 μg/g·creatinine, high:≥1.69 μg/g·creatinine) by tertiles of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium concentration. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium level with BMI and body circumferences. The dose-response relationship of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium concentration with BMI and body circumferences was analyzed by using restrictive cubic splines fitting multiple linear regression model.Results:The mean age of subjects was (83.34±11.14) years old. The median (Q1, Q3) concentration of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium was 1.13 (0.63, 2.09) μg/g·creatinine, and the BMI was (22.70±3.82) kg/m 2. The mean values of waist circumference, hip circumference, and calf circumference were (85.42±10.68) cm, (92.67±8.90) cm, and (31.08±4.76) cm, respectively. After controlling confounding factors, the results of the multiple linear regression model showed that for each increment of 1 μg/g·creatinine in creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium, the change of BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and calf circumference in the high-level group was -0.28 (-0.37, -0.19) kg/m 2, -0.74 (-0.96, -0.52) cm, -0.78 (-0.96, -0.61) cm, and -0.20 (-0.30, -0.11) cm, respectively. The restrictive cubic splines curve showed a negative nonlinear association of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium with BMI ( Pnonlinear<0.001) and negative linear associations of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium with waist circumference ( Plinear<0.001), hip circumference ( Plinear<0.001), and calf circumference ( Plinear<0.001). Conclusion:Urinary cadmium level is significantly associated with decreased BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and calf circumference among older adults over 65 years old in 9 longevity areas of China.

Objective:To investigate the association of urinary cadmium level with body mass index (BMI) and body circumferences among the older adults over 65 years old in 9 longevity areas of China.Methods:Subjects were older adults over 65 years old from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study (HABCS) between 2017 and 2018 conducted in 9 longevity areas in China. A total of 1 968 older adults were included in this study. Information including socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, diet intake, and health status was collected by using questionnaires and physical examinations. Urine samples were collected to detect urinary cadmium and creatinine levels. Body circumferences included waist circumference, hip circumference and calf circumference. Subjects were divided into three groups (low:<0.77 μg/g·creatinine, middle:0.77-1.69 μg/g·creatinine, high:≥1.69 μg/g·creatinine) by tertiles of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium concentration. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium level with BMI and body circumferences. The dose-response relationship of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium concentration with BMI and body circumferences was analyzed by using restrictive cubic splines fitting multiple linear regression model.Results:The mean age of subjects was (83.34±11.14) years old. The median (Q1, Q3) concentration of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium was 1.13 (0.63, 2.09) μg/g·creatinine, and the BMI was (22.70±3.82) kg/m 2. The mean values of waist circumference, hip circumference, and calf circumference were (85.42±10.68) cm, (92.67±8.90) cm, and (31.08±4.76) cm, respectively. After controlling confounding factors, the results of the multiple linear regression model showed that for each increment of 1 μg/g·creatinine in creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium, the change of BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and calf circumference in the high-level group was -0.28 (-0.37, -0.19) kg/m 2, -0.74 (-0.96, -0.52) cm, -0.78 (-0.96, -0.61) cm, and -0.20 (-0.30, -0.11) cm, respectively. The restrictive cubic splines curve showed a negative nonlinear association of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium with BMI ( Pnonlinear<0.001) and negative linear associations of creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium with waist circumference ( Plinear<0.001), hip circumference ( Plinear<0.001), and calf circumference ( Plinear<0.001). Conclusion:Urinary cadmium level is significantly associated with decreased BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and calf circumference among older adults over 65 years old in 9 longevity areas of China.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of unfavourable treatment outcomes in patients with rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis（PTB）.Methods:Clinical data of 726 patients with rifampicin-sensitive PTB admitted in Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed，including 628 cases with favourable treatment outcomes（favourable group）and 98 cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes（unfavourable group）. After excluding the lost to follow-up cases and non-tuberculosis-related death cases，there were 659 survival cases（survival group）and 16 cases of tuberculosis-related death（fatal group）. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the related risk factors.Results:Among 98 cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes，42 cases died from non-tuberculosis causes，32 cases lost follow-up，16 cases died from tuberculosis and 8 cases had failed treatment. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60（ OR=2.515，95% CI 1.461-4.330），retreatment of tuberculosis（ OR=2.502，95% CI 1.255-4.989），chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ OR=2.796，95% CI 1.607-4.865），respiratory failure（ OR=6.373，95% CI 2.320-17.506），hypoproteinemia（ OR=3.149，95% CI 1.876-5.286）and elevated C-reactive protein（ OR=1.007，95% CI 1.002-1.012）were independent risk factors for unfavorable treatment outcomes in rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients（all P<0.01）；retreated pulmonary tuberculosis（ OR=4.542，95% CI 1.182-17.449），complicated respiratory failure（ OR=14.186，95% CI 3.038-66.252）and body mass index<18.5 kg/m 2（ OR=5.179，95% CI 1.333-20.119）were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients（ P<0.05 or <0.01）. Conclusion:The older age，low BMI，hypoproteinemia，elevated C-reactive protein，comorbidities and retreatment are risk factors for unfavorable treatment outcomes and poor prognosis in patients with rifampicin-sensitive PTB.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of unfavourable treatment outcomes in patients with rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis（PTB）.Methods:Clinical data of 726 patients with rifampicin-sensitive PTB admitted in Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed，including 628 cases with favourable treatment outcomes（favourable group）and 98 cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes（unfavourable group）. After excluding the lost to follow-up cases and non-tuberculosis-related death cases，there were 659 survival cases（survival group）and 16 cases of tuberculosis-related death（fatal group）. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the related risk factors.Results:Among 98 cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes，42 cases died from non-tuberculosis causes，32 cases lost follow-up，16 cases died from tuberculosis and 8 cases had failed treatment. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60（ OR=2.515，95% CI 1.461-4.330），retreatment of tuberculosis（ OR=2.502，95% CI 1.255-4.989），chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ OR=2.796，95% CI 1.607-4.865），respiratory failure（ OR=6.373，95% CI 2.320-17.506），hypoproteinemia（ OR=3.149，95% CI 1.876-5.286）and elevated C-reactive protein（ OR=1.007，95% CI 1.002-1.012）were independent risk factors for unfavorable treatment outcomes in rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients（all P<0.01）；retreated pulmonary tuberculosis（ OR=4.542，95% CI 1.182-17.449），complicated respiratory failure（ OR=14.186，95% CI 3.038-66.252）and body mass index<18.5 kg/m 2（ OR=5.179，95% CI 1.333-20.119）were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients（ P<0.05 or <0.01）. Conclusion:The older age，low BMI，hypoproteinemia，elevated C-reactive protein，comorbidities and retreatment are risk factors for unfavorable treatment outcomes and poor prognosis in patients with rifampicin-sensitive PTB.