Brain tinnitus is a common clinical condition whose pathogenesis is not yet fully understood,and it still lacks effective therapies in clinical practice.Professor Liu Maocai believes that the clinical manifestations of brain tinnitus are usually characterized by deficiency syndrome,and sometimes are complicated excess syndrome.The disease is located in the brain and is closely related to the liver,spleen,and kidney.The treatment of brain tinnitus should be focused on tonifying the liver and kidney,and strengthening the spleen,and methods of calming the liver to extinguish wind,resolving phlegm to open the orifices,and activating blood circulation to unblock collaterals can be used for excess syndrome.In clinical practice,Professor Liu Maocai is skilled in using herb pairs such as Astragali Radix-Codonopsis Radix,Eucommiae Cortex-Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix,Paeoniae Radix Alba-Bupleuri Radix,Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Gastrodiae Rhizoma-Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis,and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma-Polygalae Radix.Professor Liu Maocai's experience in treating brain tinnitus from the perspective of the liver,spleen,and kidney can provide valuable references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of brain tinnitus with traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:At present,the doctor-patient relationship is tense.The prevalence of negative emotions,such as depression and anxiety,among healthcare workers is increasing every year.Negative attitudes of medical workers toward mental problems may aggravate the doctor-patient conflict and psychological problems of medical workers.This study aims to explore the complex network relationships between outpatient medical workers'attitudes toward mental problems,doctor-patient relationships,and their depression/anxiety levels. Methods:A total of 578 outpatient medical staff from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(167 males,411 females)completed questionnaires on their attitudes toward mental problems,doctor-patient relationships,and depression/anxiety symptoms.Network analysis was conducted separately to construct the"attitude towards mental problems-doctor-patient relationship network"and"depression-anxiety related network". Results:The edge between"M15(insulting words)"and"D8(waste time)"showed the strongest strength in the"attitude towards mental problems-doctor-patient relationship network",and"M15(insulting words)"had the highest bridge strength in the network.For the analysis of emotional variables,"P1(anhedonia)"showed the most obvious association with"D10(communication difficulties)"in the doctor-patient relationship and"M2(poor quality of life)"in the psychiatric attitudes,and"P1(anhedonia)"was the key bridge symptom in the network. Conclusion:The"insulting words"may be an intervention target for medical workers'attitudes toward mental problems.The"anhedonia"in depression is the potential symptom that needs to be treated.Intervention targeting these variables may be beneficial to improve the mental health level of medical workers and the doctor-patient relationship.

Objective:To examine the correlations of C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) with the postoperative complications of patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:The clinic data of 312 patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer in Hainan Hospital of People′s Liberation Army General Hospital between January 2013 and July 2018 was analyzed retrospectively. There were 188 males and 124 females, aged (61.0±12.9) years (range: 21 to 86 years). Logistic analysis was used to identify relative factors for postoperative complications. Receiver operating characteristic curves were developed to examine the cutoff values and compare diagnostic accuracy of the CAR and CRP levels.Results:Postoperative complications occured in 28.5% (89/312) cases. Hemoglobin on postoperative day(POD) 3 ( OR=0.977, 95% CI: 0.957 to 0.998, P=0.034), preoperative CRP ( OR=1.209, 95% CI: 1.055 to 1.386, P=0.006) and CAR on POD 3 ( OR=0.033, 95% CI: 0.016 to 0.067, P<0.01) were found to be significant independent relative factors for postoperative complications. The cutoff point of CAR on POD 3 was 0.325, patients with CAR≥0.325 were found to have more postoperative complications than those with CAR<0.325. The area under the curve of CAR on POD 3 and preoperative CRP were 0.872, 0.626, respectively. The positive predictive value of CAR on POD 3 was higher than that of preoperative CRP (79.9% vs. 55.1%). Conclusions:CAR is closely related to the occurrence of postoperative complications in colorectal surgery. Patients with CAR≥0.325 on POD 3 has higher incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective:To examine the correlations of C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) with the postoperative complications of patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:The clinic data of 312 patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer in Hainan Hospital of People′s Liberation Army General Hospital between January 2013 and July 2018 was analyzed retrospectively. There were 188 males and 124 females, aged (61.0±12.9) years (range: 21 to 86 years). Logistic analysis was used to identify relative factors for postoperative complications. Receiver operating characteristic curves were developed to examine the cutoff values and compare diagnostic accuracy of the CAR and CRP levels.Results:Postoperative complications occured in 28.5% (89/312) cases. Hemoglobin on postoperative day(POD) 3 ( OR=0.977, 95% CI: 0.957 to 0.998, P=0.034), preoperative CRP ( OR=1.209, 95% CI: 1.055 to 1.386, P=0.006) and CAR on POD 3 ( OR=0.033, 95% CI: 0.016 to 0.067, P<0.01) were found to be significant independent relative factors for postoperative complications. The cutoff point of CAR on POD 3 was 0.325, patients with CAR≥0.325 were found to have more postoperative complications than those with CAR<0.325. The area under the curve of CAR on POD 3 and preoperative CRP were 0.872, 0.626, respectively. The positive predictive value of CAR on POD 3 was higher than that of preoperative CRP (79.9% vs. 55.1%). Conclusions:CAR is closely related to the occurrence of postoperative complications in colorectal surgery. Patients with CAR≥0.325 on POD 3 has higher incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective:To establish autoverification rules for coagulation tests in multicenter cooperative units, in order to reduce workload for manual review of suspected results and shorten turnaround time (TAT) of test reports, while ensure the accuracy of results.Methods:A total of 14 394 blood samples were collected from fourteen hospitals during December 2019 to March 2020. These samples included: Rules Establishment Group 11 230 cases, including 1 182 cases for Delta check rules; Rules Validation Group 3 164 cases, including 487cases for Delta check; Clinical Application Trial Group 77 269 cases. Samples were analyzed for coagulation tests using Sysmex CS series automatic coagulation analyzers, and the clinical information, instrument parameters, test results, clinical diagnosis, medication history of anticoagulant and other relative results such as HCT, TG, TBIL, DBIL were summarized; on the basis of historical data, the 2.5 and 97.5 percentile of all data arranged from low to high were initially accumulated; on the basis of clinical suggestions, critical values and specific drug use as well as relative guidelines, autoverification rules and limits were established.The rules were then input into middleware, in which Stage I/Stage II validation was done. Positive coincidence, negative coincidence, false negative, false positive, autoverification pass rate, passing accuracy (coincidence of autoverification and manual verification) were calculated. Autoverification rules underwent trial application in coagulation results reports.Results:(1) The autoverification algorisms involve 33 rules regarding PT/INR, APTT, FBG, D-dimer, FDP,Delta check, reaction curve and sample abnormalities; (2)Autoverification Establishment Group showed autoverification pass rate was 68.42% (7 684/11 230), the false negative rate was 0%(0/11230), coincidence of autoverification and manual verification was 98.51%(11 063/11 230), in which positive coincidence and negative coincidence were respectively 30.09% (3 379/11 230) and 68.42%(7 684/11 230); Autoverification Validation Group showed autoverification pass rate was 60.37%(1 910/3 164), the false negative rate was 0%(0/11 230), coincidence of autoverification and manual verification was 97.79%(3 094/3 164), in which positive coincidence and negative coincidence were respectively 37.42%(1 184/3 164) and 60.37%(1 910/3 164); (3) Trialed implementation of these autoverification rules on 77 269 coagulation samples showed that the average TAT shortened by 8.5 min-83.1 min.Conclusions:This study established 33 autoverification rules in coagulation tests. Validation showedthese rules could ensure test quality while shortening TAT and lighten manual workload.

Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with immune control generally have no or little liver damage, with a low incidence rate of adverse events, and spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance may occur in some patients. Most scholars do not recommend antiviral therapy for such patients in China and foreign countries. However, with the gradual aging of chronic HBV infection, patients with immune control are also faced with disease progression and the development of liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. This article introduces the clinical significance of appropriate timing of antiviral therapy for the prognosis of patients with chronic HBV infection with immune control.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of intellectual developmental disorder with cardiac arrhythmia syndrome (IDDCA) in a family caused by GNB5 gene variation and to review the literature.Methods:The clinical and genetic data of an infant with IDDCA, who visited Shenzhen Children′s Hospital in September 2018, were collected and analyzed. His parents′ and brother′s gene analysis was also done by the next-generation sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Related literature up to March 2020 was searched in Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases with “GNB5” “IDDCA” “LADCI” “intellectual developmental disorder with cardial arrhythmia” “language delay and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder or cognitive impairment with or without cardiac arrhythmia” as the key words. The related papers were retrieved and analyzed to summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of this disorder.Results:The proband was an 11-month-old boy who presented with mental and motor developmental retardation, accompanied with convulsion and muscle weakness. Sinus arrest was also detected. His electroencephalogram (EEG) and flash visual evoked potential (FVEP) were both abnormal. Genetic analysis identified the homozygous frameshift variation of GNB5 gene (c.136delG, p.Glu46Argfs*8) in this infant and heterozygous variation in his parents, confirmed the diagnosis of IDDCA. The same GNB5 variation was identified in his brother, who was 4 years and 8 months old and had developed the similar clinical manifestations after birth. There were only 7 papers reporting this disease in the literature review, with a total of 27 patients from 14 families. Including these 2 cases, there were 29 patients in total, whose age of diagnosis ranged from 5.5 months to 23 years. Among all the patients, 20 cases (69%) were diagnosed as IDDCA, while 8 cases (28%) as LADCI; and 11 (38%) were males while 18 (62%) females. Regarding the clinical features, 66% (19/29) had mental retardation, 41% (12/29) had seizures, 79% (23/29) developed language delay and 62%（18/29） had sinus node dysfunction. Genetic tests showed that 4 patients from 3 families had complex heterozygous variation, and 25 patients (86%) from 12 families had homozygous variation. Seventeen patients from 8 families were consanguineous. Among the total 12 variations, there were 4 nonsense, 3 frameshift, 2 missense and 2 shear mutations, and 1 shear disorder caused by synonymous mutation.Conclusions:IDDCA caused by GNB5 gene variations mainly manifests as general developmental delay or severe mental retardation, and sinus node dysfunction. GNB5 associated syndromes have phenotypic heterogeneity and are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.

Objective To assess the efficacy and side effects of intravesical instillation of BCG after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients.Methods The clinical data of patients treated with BCG 120 mg per course induced perfusion or more after TURBT from December 2013 to October 2016 in 18 hospitals of northeast China region,were analyzed retrospectively.The first part,data of 106 patients with moderate,high-risk NMIBC were collected.A total of 83 patients were male,while the other 23 patients were female.The average age was 66.7 years old.The clinical staging were T1 in 86(81.1％) cases,Ta in 20(18.9％) cases and carcinoma in situ in 6 (5.7％) patients.Intravesical instillation of BCG was executed after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.The incidence rate of recurrence and progression during more than 6 months' follow-up time were observed.Multivariate analyses were done by using logistic analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model with Kaplan-Meier method.The second part,treatment compliance of 276 patients with bladder cancer,including moderate/high-risk NMIBC in 263 cases,moderate/high-risk NMIBC followed with renal pelvis/ureteral carcinoma in 8 cases were and moderate/high-risk NMIBC with renal pelvis/ureteral carcinoma in 5 cases who treated with BCG after the surgeries,were observed.Patients consisted of 211 males and 65 females with average age of 68.3 years.Results With a median follow-up of 12 months,9 (8.5％) patients experienced tumor recurrence and 2 (1.9％) patients were found progression in the first part.The one-year cancer free recurrence rate of the patients was 91.5％.Statistically significant prognostic factors for recurrence identified by multivariable analyses were prior recurrence of the tumors (OR =3.214,95％CI0.804-12.845,P =0.099).In the second port,an incidence rate of adverse effects was 64.1％ (177/276).The Ⅲ/Ⅳ degree complications were occurred in 11 patients and satisfactory outcomes achieved with active treatment.A total of 36 patients withdrawal with the major causes were recurrence and progression of bladder tumor in 12 cases (4.4 ％),9 cases (3.3 ％) with economic reasons and 11 cases (4.0％) with serious complications.Conclusions NMIBC patients treated with intravesical BCG therapy have approving cancer free recurrence rates and acceptable adverse effects.Prior recurrence may be prognostic factor of recurrence after intravesical BCG therapy.

Patients in the immune tolerance stage of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are in a state of high viral replication and low inflammation in the liver, and they often have no disease progression. Therefore, antiviral therapy is not recommended in related guidelines. Recent studies have found that the patients in the immune tolerance stage have immune response and liver injury, which is a risk factor for liver cancer, and therefore, antiviral therapy should be actively initiated to prevent disease progression. This article summarizes the research advances in the diagnosis and treatment of patients in the immune tolerance stage of chronic HBV infection and points out that there are still controversies over the application of antiviral therapy in such patients. Appropriate timing of antiviral therapy has a great significance in improving patients’ prognosis and reducing their economic burden.

Objective: To apply DNA barcoding to identifying the rodents in Zhejiang Province. Methods : Rodents were captured from Jiashan,Longyou,Yunhe and Ninghai counties in Zhejiang Province. The DNA was extracted from ears of rodent samples,and was amplified and sequenced with mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I（COI）genes. The obtained sequences were compared with the related sequences in GenBank,and neighbour-joining evolutionary tree was constructed. Then the results by DNA barcoding and by morphological identification were compared. Results : A total of 22 COI gene samples were amplified. The evolutionary tree constructed by 18 samples was consistent with the morphological identification results and 4 samples were different：Suncus murinus should be Crocidura lasiura,infant rats of Rattus losea and Rattus tanezumi was re-identified as Rattus rattus,infant rats of Microtus fortis（sample number：NH-1）needs further identification. Conclusion DNA barcoding can effectively correct the errors of morphological identification,thus combining the two methods could improve the accuracy of rodent identification.