Aerosol removal using flame-retardant atomized fixatives, as a major means of aerosol control, has achieved remarkable results in the field of nuclear facility decommissioning and decontamination. Traditional atomized fixatives for aerosol removal have deficiencies in high-temperature resistance and flame retardancy, rendering them inadequate for operational scenarios involving high temperatures and flammability encountered during nuclear decommissioning. This paper investigates the current development of flame-retardant atomized fixatives for aerosol removal both domestically and internationally and presents a preliminary exploration of this technology. The experiments showed that atomized fixatives modified with flame-retardant properties not only maintained excellent aerosol capture efficiency, but also exhibited significantly improved flame-retardant performance. This confirmed the technical feasibility of the proposed approach. Finally, suggestions and reflections are proposed for the development of this technology and its application in nuclear facility decommissioning.

The polymerase 1 and transcript release factor (PTRF)-cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) phospholipid remodeling pathway facilitates tumor proliferation in glioma. Nevertheless, blockade of this pathway leads to the excessive activation of oncogenic receptors on the plasma membrane and subsequent drug resistance. Here, CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) was identified through screening of CRISPR/Cas9 libraries. Suppressing PTRF-cPLA2 signaling resulted in the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway through phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine remodeling, which ultimately increased DPP4 transcription. In turn, DPP4 interacted with EGFR and prevented its ubiquitination. Linagliptin, a DPP4 inhibitor, facilitated the degradation of EGFR by blocking its interaction with DPP4. When combined with the cPLA2 inhibitor AACOCF3, it exhibited synergistic effects and led to a decrease in energy metabolism in glioblastoma cells. Subsequent in vivo investigations provided further evidence of a synergistic impact of linagliptin by augmenting the sensitivity of AACOCF3 and strengthening the efficacy of temozolomide. DPP4 serves as a novel target and establishes a constructive feedback loop with EGFR. Linagliptin is a potent inhibitor that promotes EGFR degradation by blocking the DPP4-EGFR interaction. This study presents innovative approaches for treating glioma by combining linagliptin with AACOCF3 and temozolomide.

Objective:To explore the safety of laparoscopic modified transcystic biliary drainage(modified C-tube technique)in the treatment of biliary stones and application of diagnosing biliary disease.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 68 cases of biliary stones successfully treated with laparoscopic modified C-tube technique from August 2021 to December 2023.The safety,effectiveness,and area of applications were analyzed.The reliability of the principle of the modified fixation method was verified by using an ex vivo gallbladder.Results:Three cases of ex vivo gallbladder demonstrated that the strength of the modified fixation method was reliable,and the sinus tract formed by suture after immediate extraction of the C tube could be dislocated and closed,resisting the bile outflow caused by the weight of the gallbladder.Among the 68 patients,42 were difficult biliary stones,6 were suspected common bile duct stones,and 5 were extrahepatic bile duct stones combined with intrahepatic bile duct stones.Among them,48 cases underwent choledochoscopy assisted trans-choledochal approach for stone removal,and 10 cases underwent transcystic approach stone removal,Six patients underwent simply basket exploration and removal of stones through the cystic duct(5 patients had no residual stones on postoperative C-tube angiography,1 patient had suspected residual stones,and the patient refused further examination and treatment for no symptom),and 4 patients only underwent biliary drainage through the cystic duct;two patients with retained stone passed after the use of topical nitrate drip infusion via C-tube,seven cases underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),stone removal with the assistance of a C-tube after laparoscopic surgery,and the results were uneventful.The mean surgical time was(131±44)min(76-279 min),the maximum daily drainage volume of the C-tube was(401±235)mL/d(10-1 150 mL/d),the hospital stay was(8.6±3.6)d(2-19 d),and the mean time of C-tube removal was(11±6.9)d(5-46 d).There were 14 overall complications,including 2 residual stones,and 12 C-tube related complications,comprising of 1 gradeⅢ a,2 grade Ⅱ,and 9 grade Ⅰ.There were 9 cases of C-tube related adverse events that did not cause complications,including 3 of early detachment,2 of displacement,and 4 of deep insertion.The median follow-up time after surgery was 21(2-30)months,and 5 patients had recurrent stones.Among them,4 patients had slow contrast outflow during cholangiogram,and 1 patient had obvious pancreaticobiliary reflux.55 patients underwent C-tube amylase measurement,and 9 cases showed a significant increase in bile amylase(349-44 936 U/L),suggesting the presence of pancreaticobiliary reflux.Conclusion:Laparoscopic modified C-tube technique can be effectively used in the treatment of biliary stones,which is relatively safe and can be attempted in the diagnosis of biliary diseases.

Objective:To explore the safety of laparoscopic modified transcystic biliary drainage(modified C-tube technique)in the treatment of biliary stones and application of diagnosing biliary disease.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 68 cases of biliary stones successfully treated with laparoscopic modified C-tube technique from August 2021 to December 2023.The safety,effectiveness,and area of applications were analyzed.The reliability of the principle of the modified fixation method was verified by using an ex vivo gallbladder.Results:Three cases of ex vivo gallbladder demonstrated that the strength of the modified fixation method was reliable,and the sinus tract formed by suture after immediate extraction of the C tube could be dislocated and closed,resisting the bile outflow caused by the weight of the gallbladder.Among the 68 patients,42 were difficult biliary stones,6 were suspected common bile duct stones,and 5 were extrahepatic bile duct stones combined with intrahepatic bile duct stones.Among them,48 cases underwent choledochoscopy assisted trans-choledochal approach for stone removal,and 10 cases underwent transcystic approach stone removal,Six patients underwent simply basket exploration and removal of stones through the cystic duct(5 patients had no residual stones on postoperative C-tube angiography,1 patient had suspected residual stones,and the patient refused further examination and treatment for no symptom),and 4 patients only underwent biliary drainage through the cystic duct;two patients with retained stone passed after the use of topical nitrate drip infusion via C-tube,seven cases underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),stone removal with the assistance of a C-tube after laparoscopic surgery,and the results were uneventful.The mean surgical time was(131±44)min(76-279 min),the maximum daily drainage volume of the C-tube was(401±235)mL/d(10-1 150 mL/d),the hospital stay was(8.6±3.6)d(2-19 d),and the mean time of C-tube removal was(11±6.9)d(5-46 d).There were 14 overall complications,including 2 residual stones,and 12 C-tube related complications,comprising of 1 gradeⅢ a,2 grade Ⅱ,and 9 grade Ⅰ.There were 9 cases of C-tube related adverse events that did not cause complications,including 3 of early detachment,2 of displacement,and 4 of deep insertion.The median follow-up time after surgery was 21(2-30)months,and 5 patients had recurrent stones.Among them,4 patients had slow contrast outflow during cholangiogram,and 1 patient had obvious pancreaticobiliary reflux.55 patients underwent C-tube amylase measurement,and 9 cases showed a significant increase in bile amylase(349-44 936 U/L),suggesting the presence of pancreaticobiliary reflux.Conclusion:Laparoscopic modified C-tube technique can be effectively used in the treatment of biliary stones,which is relatively safe and can be attempted in the diagnosis of biliary diseases.

Objective To study the properties and antimicrobial activity of the novel self-assembled antimicrobial peptide(AMP)CR-16,and to provide experimental evidence for the treatment of bacterial infections.Methods CR-16 was designed and synthesized based on the structure of antimicrobial peptides Buforin Ⅱ and LfcinB.Dynamic light scattering(DLS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD)were used to characterize CR-16.Based on the results of critical micelle concentration(CMC),the self-assembled properties of CR-16 were investigated using atomic force microscopy(AFM)and circular dichroism(CD).The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)was used to study the inhibitory effect of CR-16 while transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was adopted to observe the interactions between CR-16 and the outer membrane of bacteria.Results AMP CR-16 was prepared as self-assemblies,which were regularly spherical in shape and stable in activity.CR-16 could inhibit both the growth of Escherichia coli and,more importantly,the growth of NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli,promising good prospects in treating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.Conclusion CR-16 can be self-assembled and deliver antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli.

Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disease,also an important cause of various clinical diseases.The morphological and alterations of atrial structure and function associated with PFO often impact prognosis of PFO.Echocardiography can be used for diagnosing PFO,while a series of new ultrasound technology can provide more sensitive indicators compared to conventional parameters,which enable early detection of changes of cardiac function caused by PFO.The progresses of echocardiography and corresponding new technologies for evaluating morphological features of PFO and related left atrial function caused by PFO were reviewed in this article.

Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disease,also an important cause of various clinical diseases.The morphological and alterations of atrial structure and function associated with PFO often impact prognosis of PFO.Echocardiography can be used for diagnosing PFO,while a series of new ultrasound technology can provide more sensitive indicators compared to conventional parameters,which enable early detection of changes of cardiac function caused by PFO.The progresses of echocardiography and corresponding new technologies for evaluating morphological features of PFO and related left atrial function caused by PFO were reviewed in this article.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct stone extraction and cholecystectomy in pregnant patients with choledocholithiasis.Methods A retrospective analysis of 4 pregnant patients with choledocholithiasis was performed.The clinicoradiologic,perioperative and follow up data were analyzed.Results The 4 patients were admitted for acute cholangitis at their second trimester of pregnancy.Preoperative MRCP demonstrated that the diameter of the common bile duct stone was less than that of the cystic duct.Laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct stone extraction and cholecystectomy were successfully conducted.Plasma shock wave lithotripsy was applied in one patient with impacted gallstone,intraoperative cholangiography was conducted in one patient with suspected residual stone.There was not major post-op complications nor stone recurrence in the follow up postoperatively.They all delivered a healthy baby on the expected date of childbirth.Conclusions Simutaneously laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct stone extraction and cholecystectomy in pregnant patients with choledocholithiasis is feasible and safe.

Objective To investigate the short-term safety of raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion in patients with rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic Dixon surgery.Methods Totally 175 patients with rectal cancer at the Department of Colorectal Oncological Surgery,Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were analyzed retrospectively from June 2016 to December 2017.All the patients were divided into raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion group (n =89) and saline intraperitoneal peffusion group (n =86) according to whether given raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion or not.The hematological indexes of the two groups before operation and 3 days after operation were recorded.The postoperative exhaust time and postoperative drainage volume within 24 hours were calculated.The postoperative complications including anastomotic leakage,peritoneal irritation sign,incision infection and pulmonary infection were evaluated.Results The surgery was performed successfully in all patients.There were no significant differences in the sex (x2 =0.000,P =0.990),depth of tumor invasion (x2 =0.003,P =0.956),degree of lymph node metastasis (Z =-0.590,P =0.556),TNM stage (Z =0.081,P =0.936) or pathological type (Z =1.092,P =0.896) between the two groups.There were no significant differences in postoperative exhaust time [(75.49 ± 3.97) h vs.(74.28 ±3.46) h,t =0.479,P =0.523],postoperative drainage volume within 24 hours [(201.1 ±54.1) ml vs.(242.8±25.7) ml,t=0.338,P=0.656],anastomotic leakage (1.1％ vs.2.3％,x2 =0.351,P=0.554),peritoneal irritation sign (1.1％ vs.2.3％,x2 =0.351,P =0.554),incision infection (2.2％ vs.3.5％,x2 =0.243,P =0.622) and pulmonary infection (2.2％ vs.2.3％,x2 =0.001,P =0.972) between the two groups.Additionally,there were no significant differences in the counts of erythrocytes [(3.56 ±0.27) × 1012/L vs.(3.63 ±0.26) × 1012/L,t =0.716,P =0.152],leukocytes [(7.63 ±0.20) x 109/L vs.(8.24 ±0.26) × 109/L,t =0.176,P =0.872],blood platelets [(170.13 ±20.12) × 109/L vs.(180.18 ±21.03) × 109/L,t =0.103,P =0.975],glutamic-pyruvic transaminase [(13.25 ± 2.31) U/L vs.(13.28 ± 1.46) U/L,t =0.321,P =0.713],glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase [(16.51 ± 1.28) U/L vs.(16.23 ±2.03) U/L,t=0.131,P=0.894] and creatinine [(77.36 ±6.49) μmol/L vs.(78.39 ±6.64)μmol/L,t =0.499,P =0.519] 3 days after operation between the two groups.Conclusion Raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion in Dixon surgery exhibits high safety,and no significant effect on postoperative recovery.It is easy to operate and has good feasibility,which is worthy to be used in clinic.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of ruptured sinus of Valsava aneurysm(RSVA). Methods: A total of 33 RSVA patients underwent transcatheter closure from January 2006 to March 2017 in our hospital were included in this retrospective study. The RSVA was diagnosed by echocardiography.Different type of occluders were applied for transcatheter closure based on the aortography results. All the patients were followed up after the procedure. Results: The patients were (37.6±12.1) years old,and the male patients accounted for 78.8%(26 cases).RSVA from right coronary sinus was found in 25 patients,and draining chamber was right atrium in 13 cases, right ventricle in 12 cases. RSVA from noncoronary sinus was diagnosed in 8 patients,and the draining chamber was right atrium. Aortography defined the narrowest diameter at the rupture site was (6.4±1.7)mm. The ratio of Qp/Qs was 2.2±0.5,and the mean pressure of pulmonary artery was 24.0(21.2,33.7)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). One patient developed serious occluder related aortic regurgitation and underwent surgery, transcatheter closure was successfully performed in 32 patients. The success rate of transcatheter closure was 97.0%. Two types of device were used in the study including small-waist double-disk ventricular septal defect(VSD) occluders in 20 cases and patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) occluders in 12 cases. During a median follow-up of 73.5(28.3,89.5) months, there were no infective endocarditis, residual shunt, thrombosis, device displacement,serious aortic regurgitation, serious arrhythmia or death.At the last follow-up, the left atrial diameter((37.4±6.5) mm vs. (41.5±5.3)mm,P<0.01),right atrial diameter((42.4±3.0) mm vs. (48.5±6.0)mm,P<0.01), right ventricular diameter((22.2±3.8) mm vs. (27.7±7.2)mm,P<0.01) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter((51.3±4.9) mm vs.(55.0±4.3)mm,P<0.01)measured by echocardiography were all smaller than pre-procedural level. Conclusion Transcatheter closure of RVSA is a safe and effective strategy and associated with a good long-term outcome.