Objective To establish atopic dermatitis(AD)-like models in BALB/c mice using three chemical inducers,calcipotriol(MC903),2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB),and oxazolone(OXA),and to explore the occurrence of ferroptosis in the different models.Methods Healthy 7-week-old female BALB/c mice were divided randomly into eight groups(n=8 mice per group)based on the induction site(ear/dorsal skin)and inducer:ear/dorsal control groups,MC903 ear/dorsal model groups,DNCB ear/dorsal model groups,and OXA ear/dorsal model groups.Models were established by topical application of the respective agents at specified concentrations.Mice in the MC903 ear/dorsal groups underwent continuous induction for 14 d.Mice in the DNCB and OXA ear/dorsal groups were sensitized for 3 consecutive days,4 days after the sensitization was completedand then challenged 12 times on day 8 and every other day for up to day 30.Skin lesions were observed and skin thickness was measured.Plasma levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),interleukin(IL)-4,interferon(IFN)-γ,and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected,the skin was examined by histopathological staining and ultrastructural observation,and expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins(glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1),long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase 4(ACSL4),transferrin receptor 1(TfR1))were detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with each control mice,all model mice exhibited obvious redness,swelling,scratching,desquamation,and rough thickening of the skin,and skin thickness was significantly increased(P＜0.01).ROS,IFN-γ,IL-4,and MDA levels were elevated to varying extents(P＜0.05)and histopathological features,including epidermal hyperplasia,keratinocyte degeneration,dermal vascular congestion,and immune cell infiltration,were detected in model mice.Transmission electron microscopy also revealed mitochondrial membrane rupture,increased density,and cristae reduction.Expression levels of ferroptosis markers were dysregulated,including significantly decreased GPX4/FTH1(P＜0.05)and increased ACSL4/TfR1 expression(P＜0.05).Conclusions All three chemicals successfully induced AD-like phenotypes in BALB/c mice through site-specific applications.Ferroptosis is involved in the pathological process of AD,but heterogeneity exists among inducers and modeling sites.

Objective To establish atopic dermatitis(AD)-like models in BALB/c mice using three chemical inducers,calcipotriol(MC903),2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB),and oxazolone(OXA),and to explore the occurrence of ferroptosis in the different models.Methods Healthy 7-week-old female BALB/c mice were divided randomly into eight groups(n=8 mice per group)based on the induction site(ear/dorsal skin)and inducer:ear/dorsal control groups,MC903 ear/dorsal model groups,DNCB ear/dorsal model groups,and OXA ear/dorsal model groups.Models were established by topical application of the respective agents at specified concentrations.Mice in the MC903 ear/dorsal groups underwent continuous induction for 14 d.Mice in the DNCB and OXA ear/dorsal groups were sensitized for 3 consecutive days,4 days after the sensitization was completedand then challenged 12 times on day 8 and every other day for up to day 30.Skin lesions were observed and skin thickness was measured.Plasma levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),interleukin(IL)-4,interferon(IFN)-γ,and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected,the skin was examined by histopathological staining and ultrastructural observation,and expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins(glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1),long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase 4(ACSL4),transferrin receptor 1(TfR1))were detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with each control mice,all model mice exhibited obvious redness,swelling,scratching,desquamation,and rough thickening of the skin,and skin thickness was significantly increased(P＜0.01).ROS,IFN-γ,IL-4,and MDA levels were elevated to varying extents(P＜0.05)and histopathological features,including epidermal hyperplasia,keratinocyte degeneration,dermal vascular congestion,and immune cell infiltration,were detected in model mice.Transmission electron microscopy also revealed mitochondrial membrane rupture,increased density,and cristae reduction.Expression levels of ferroptosis markers were dysregulated,including significantly decreased GPX4/FTH1(P＜0.05)and increased ACSL4/TfR1 expression(P＜0.05).Conclusions All three chemicals successfully induced AD-like phenotypes in BALB/c mice through site-specific applications.Ferroptosis is involved in the pathological process of AD,but heterogeneity exists among inducers and modeling sites.

BACKGROUND:Reducing the rate of abnormal fertilization is an effective approach to improving the efficacy of in vitro fertilization and reducing patients'financial strain.However,the current research on abnormal fertilization has focused on exploring the types of prokaryotic nuclei and their generation mechanisms,as well as analyzing embryos formed by abnormal fertilization,chromosomal ploidy and utilization value.There is a lack of clinical prediction models for abnormal fertilization based on retrospective studies. OBJECTIVE:To construct a nomogram model to predict abnormal female factors in in vitro fertilization. METHODS:A total of 5 075 patients undergoing treatment for conventional in vitro fertilization at Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from March 2017 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The male confounders were calibrated on a 1:1 propensity score with a match tolerance of 0.02,and 1 672 cases were successfully matched.According to the Vienna Consensus,patients with≥60%normal fertilization capacity were included in the normal fertilization group(n=836)and those with<60%normal fertilization capacity were included in the abnormal fertilization group(n=836).The model and validation groups were obtained by random sampling at a ratio of 7:3.Factors related to the occurrence of abnormal fertilization following conventional in vitro fertilization in the model group were screened using univariate analysis and the best matching factors were selected using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)and included in a multifactorial forward stepwise Logistic regression to identify their independent influencing factors and plot a nomogram.Finally,the prediction model was validated for discrimination,accuracy and clinical application efficacy using receiver operating characteristic curves,calibration curves,clinical decision curves and clinical impact curves. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The univariate analysis indicated the factors influencing the occurrence of abnormal fertilization were age,controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocol,number of assisted pregnancies,years of infertility,infertility factors,anti-mullerian hormone,sinus follicle count,basal luteinizing hormone,luteinizing hormone concentration on the human chorionic gonadotropin day,and estradiol level on human chorionic gonadotropin injection day(P<0.05).LASSO regression further identified the best matching factors,including age,microstimulation protocol,number of assisted pregnancies,years of infertility,anti-mullerian hormone,luteinizing hormone level on human chorionic gonadotropin injection day,and estradiol level on human chorionic gonadotropin injection day(P<0.05).Multifactorial forward stepwise Logistic regression results showed that age,microstimulation protocol,number of assisted conceptions,years of infertility,anti-mullerian hormone,and estradiol level on human chorionic gonadotropin injection day were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of abnormal fertilization following conventional in vitro fertilization.The receiver operating characteristic curves showed an area under the curve of 0.761(0.746,0.777)for the model group and 0.767(0.733,0.801)for the validation group,indicating that the model has good discrimination.The mean absolute error of the calibration curve was 0.044,and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated that there was no significant difference between the predicted probability of abnormal fertilization and the actual probability of abnormal fertilization(P>0.05),indicating the prediction model has good consistency and accuracy.The clinical decision curves and clinical impact curves showed that the model and validation groups had the maximum net clinical benefit at valve probability values of 0.00-0.52 and 0.00-0.48,respectively,and there was a good clinical application efficacy in this valve probability range.To conclude,the nomogram model has good discrimination and accuracy as well as clinical application efficacy for predicting the occurrence of abnormal fertilization in women undergoing conventional in vitro fertilization based on age,microstimulation protocol,number of assisted conceptions,years of infertility,anti-mullerian hormone,and estradiol level on human chorionic gonadotropin injection day.

Objective To construct an evaluation index system of core competence of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses,and to conduct preliminary validation,so as to provide reference standards for the training and evaluation of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses.Methods Based on the core competence of specialist nurses of the International Council of Nurses and the Hamric Advanced Practice Nurse competence framework as the theoretical framework,through literature research and research group discussion,the core competence index of specialist nurses in assisted reproductive technology was preliminarily established.A total of 23 experts were consulted with 2 rounds of Delphi method to complete index and determine weight coefficients in April 2024.In August 2024,50 assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses from 18 provinces and cities across the country were selected to conduct a satisfaction survey on the evaluation index system,in order to preliminarily verify the application effect of indicators.Results The questionnaire recovery rates for 2 rounds of expert consultations were both 100％,and the expert authority coefficients were both 0.943.The coefficient of variation was 0～0.287 and 0～0.236,and the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.241～0.337 and 0.250～0.431,respectively.The final evaluation index of core competence of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses included 6 first-level indicators,20 second-level indicators and 57 third-level indicators.Assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses were satisfied with the evaluation index system of core competence,with a score of(18.26±2.52).Conclusion The evaluation index system of core competence of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses is practical,with comprehensive content and outstanding professional characteristics.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of multiple cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques in the diagnosing of chromosomal microstructural abnormalities.Methods:The proband was a 30-year-old man. He went to Reproductive Medicine Center of Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital in July 2021 because of a 7-year history of primary infertility. Chromosome karyotype was analyzed by conventional G-banding technique. One case was found to be suspected of microstructural aberration in X chromosome. The origin and structural characteristics of this X chromosome structural aberration was identified by high-resolution G-banding, copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The pregnancy outcome of this case was followed up. Results:Conventional G-banding karyotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes was initially diagnosed as 46, Y, ?inv(X)(p22.3p22.2). The final karyotype of proband was interpreted as 46, Y, der(X) t(X; Y)(p22.3; q12) mat by high-resolution G-banding karyotype analysis, CNV-seq, C-banding analysis and FISH detection. His spouse had conceived singleton pregnancy via in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Prenatal diagnosis had been performed. Karyotype of amniotic fluid was 46, X, der(X) t(X; Y)(p22.3; q12) pat. No structural malformation was detected prenatally by ultrasound. The neonate was phenotypically normal one month after birth. Conclusion:The combined application of multiple cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques can provide a reliable technical platform for characterizing the microscopic structural aberrations of chromosomes, and an important genetic basis for exploring the phenotype, prognosis and offspring risk of such patients.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of multiple cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques in the diagnosing of chromosomal microstructural abnormalities.Methods:The proband was a 30-year-old man. He went to Reproductive Medicine Center of Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital in July 2021 because of a 7-year history of primary infertility. Chromosome karyotype was analyzed by conventional G-banding technique. One case was found to be suspected of microstructural aberration in X chromosome. The origin and structural characteristics of this X chromosome structural aberration was identified by high-resolution G-banding, copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The pregnancy outcome of this case was followed up. Results:Conventional G-banding karyotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes was initially diagnosed as 46, Y, ?inv(X)(p22.3p22.2). The final karyotype of proband was interpreted as 46, Y, der(X) t(X; Y)(p22.3; q12) mat by high-resolution G-banding karyotype analysis, CNV-seq, C-banding analysis and FISH detection. His spouse had conceived singleton pregnancy via in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Prenatal diagnosis had been performed. Karyotype of amniotic fluid was 46, X, der(X) t(X; Y)(p22.3; q12) pat. No structural malformation was detected prenatally by ultrasound. The neonate was phenotypically normal one month after birth. Conclusion:The combined application of multiple cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques can provide a reliable technical platform for characterizing the microscopic structural aberrations of chromosomes, and an important genetic basis for exploring the phenotype, prognosis and offspring risk of such patients.

Objective To construct an evaluation index system of core competence of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses,and to conduct preliminary validation,so as to provide reference standards for the training and evaluation of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses.Methods Based on the core competence of specialist nurses of the International Council of Nurses and the Hamric Advanced Practice Nurse competence framework as the theoretical framework,through literature research and research group discussion,the core competence index of specialist nurses in assisted reproductive technology was preliminarily established.A total of 23 experts were consulted with 2 rounds of Delphi method to complete index and determine weight coefficients in April 2024.In August 2024,50 assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses from 18 provinces and cities across the country were selected to conduct a satisfaction survey on the evaluation index system,in order to preliminarily verify the application effect of indicators.Results The questionnaire recovery rates for 2 rounds of expert consultations were both 100％,and the expert authority coefficients were both 0.943.The coefficient of variation was 0～0.287 and 0～0.236,and the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.241～0.337 and 0.250～0.431,respectively.The final evaluation index of core competence of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses included 6 first-level indicators,20 second-level indicators and 57 third-level indicators.Assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses were satisfied with the evaluation index system of core competence,with a score of(18.26±2.52).Conclusion The evaluation index system of core competence of assisted reproductive technology specialist nurses is practical,with comprehensive content and outstanding professional characteristics.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of Fuhe Beihua prescription combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of primary liver cancer patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency and its effect on T lymphocyte subsets. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of stage Ⅲ primary liver cancer patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency who were treated in Department of Hepatology and Department of Oncology in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to January 2020. According to whether the traditional Chinese medicine Fuhe Beihua prescription was used, the patients were divided into treatment group (treated with routine TACE and oral administration of Fuhe Beihua prescription) and control group (treated with routine TACE alone), and the course of treatment was 16 weeks for both groups. The two groups were compared in terms of short-term response rate, quality-of-life score, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, four indicators of liver fibrosis, coagulation function parameters, peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets, and liver function parameters. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between different groups at different time points. ResultsA total of 218 patients were selected, with 118 in the control group and 100 in the treatment group. The treatment group had an objective response rate of 33% and a disease control rate of 66% at week 8 of treatment and an objective response rate of 34% and a disease control rate of 69% at week 16 of treatment, and the control group had an objective response rate of 26.27% and a disease control rate of 68.64% at week 8 of treatment and an objective response rate of 30.51% and a disease control rate of 68.64% at week 16 of treatment; there was a significant difference in objective response rate between the two groups at weeks 8 and 16 of treatment (P＜0.05). Both groups had significant increases in Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score, fibrinogen, and albumin (Alb) from before treatment to weeks 8 and 16 of treatment (all P＜0.05), and there were significant differences in KPS score, fibrinogen, and Alb between the two groups at weeks 8 and 16 of treatment (all P＜0.05). Both groups had significant reductions in AFP, the four indicators of liver fibrosis, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), prothrombin time (PT), and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score after treatment (all P＜0.05), and at weeks 8 and 16 of treatment, there were significant differences between the two groups in AFP, the four indicators of liver fibrosis, ALT, AST, PT, and TCM syndrome score (all P＜0.05). At weeks 8 and 16 of treatment, the treatment group had significant increases in the levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ (all P＜0.05) and a significant reduction in the level of CD8+ (P＜0.05), and there were significant differences in the levels of T lymphocyte subsets between the two groups at weeks 8 and 16 of treatment (all P＜0.05). ConclusionFuhe Beihua prescription combined with routine TACE has a better clinical effect than TACE alone in the treatment of primary liver cancer patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency, possibly by regulating the levels of T lymphocyte subsets.

Objective: To explore the effect of guided half day education in rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: 100 children with cerebral palsy were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to the length of hospitalization, 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine rehabilitation treatment and nursing, while the experimental group was given half-day education based on routine rehabilitation treatment and nursing. The changes of gross motor function (GMFM) and daily living activity (ADL) were observed and compared between the two groups before and 6 months after intervention. Results: The GMFM scores of the experimental group before and after intervention were (41.85 ±4.26), (66.85 ±4.73) respectively, and those of the control group were (42.59±3.24), (56.59 ±3.63). There was no significant difference between the two groups (Z=1.33,12.17, P<0.05). The ADL scores of the experimental group before and after intervention were (40.43±9.78), (63.21±12.34), respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups (Z=0.51, 4.42, P < 0.05). After intervention, the scores of five single A, B, C, D and E areas of GMFM in the experimental group were (94.8 ± 18.2), (76.3 ± 16.5), (36.4±16.7), (30.4±14.5), (19.4 ± 15.2), respectively. The control group was (85.1±14.7), (58.5±13.6), (26.1±13.4), (18.3±12.3), (12.7±10.7). There were significant differences between the two groups (Z=2.55-5.89, P<0.05). Conclusion Guided half-day process teaching combined with routine rehabilitation treatment and nursing can improve the gross motor and self-care ability of children with cerebral palsy, and its effect is better than that of simple medical rehabilitation..

Objective To evaluate the effect of micronutrient selenium on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice.Methods After 4-week feed with forages lacking selenium,40 BALB/c mice were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups:selenium deficiency group fed with forages containing 0.01 mg/kg selenium for 4 weeks,normal selenium supplementation group fed with forages containing 0.25 mg/kg selenium for 4 weeks,excessive selenium supplementation group fed with forages containing 3.00 mg/kg selenium for 4 weeks,and control group fed with forages containing 0.25 mg/kg selenium for 4 weeks.Then,atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions were induced by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in the mice in sensitized groups,including the selenium deficiency group,normal selenium supplementation group and excessive selenium supplementation group.During sensitization,the severity of dermatitis in mice was monitored.Three weeks after the sensitization,the total plasma IgE level and inflammatory cell count in whole blood were measured.Skin tissues from the back of mice were subjected to histopathological examination and the selenium level was detected.Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance for comparisons of IgE levels and cell counts among different groups,as well as by Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis for analyzing the correlation of various indices with the selenium level.Results Six days after the sensitization,the dermatitis severity scores were significantly higher in the sensitized groups than in the control group (On day 6,8,11,13,15 and 18 after the sensitization,F =44.897,76.622,114.866,33.352,28.605 and 11.271 respectively,all P ＜ 0.01).On day 11 after the sensitization,the dermatitis severity score was significantly higher in the excessive selenium supplementation group than in the selenium deficiency group and normal selenium supplementation group (both P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,obvious pathological changes of dermatitis were observed in the sensitized mice,but there was no significant difference in the number of inflammatory cells in skin lesions among the 3 sensitized groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The inflammatory cell count in whole blood and total plasma IgE level in the sensitized mice increased along with the increase of dietary selenium levels,and the excessive selenium supplementation group showed higher total plasma IgE level ([167.17 ±8.49] μg/L) compared with the selenium deficiency group ([124.78 ± 5.32] μg/L,t =3.919,P ＜ 0.05),normal selenium supplementation group ([132.61 ± 4.71] μg/L,t =3.222,P ＜ 0.05) and control group ([109.13 ± 0.79] μg/L,t =6.485,P ＜ 0.05).The selenium level in the skin tissues of sensitized mice was positively linearly correlated with the total plasma IgE level (r =0.579,P ＜ 0.001),whole-blood white blood cell count (r =0.414,P ＜ 0.05),neutrophil count (r =0.439,P ＜ 0.05),lymphocyte count (r =0.417,P ＜ 0.05)and eosinophil count (r =0.505,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Different dietary selenium levels showed different effects on the severity of dermatitis in mice,and more severe dermatitis occurred in the excessive selenium supplementation group.