BACKGROUND:Slow bone repair and poor bone formation quality are still problems during masquelet technique in the treatment of large segment bone defects.H-type vessels can induce osteogenesis,enhance the local angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling,and promote bone repair.However,there are few reports on the role of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane.OBJECTIVE:To construct a large segment bone defect model of SD rat tibia,observe the expression characteristics of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane,then to identify the expression peak point of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane and determine the optimal period of bone grafting.METHODS:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into a control group(n=30)and a model group(n=30)by random number table method.The two groups were further divided into three subgroups at 4,6,and 8 weeks after bone cement implantation,with 10 rats in each group.A 4 mm bone defect model of the right tibia was constructed in both the control and the model groups.Polymethyl methacrylate bone cement was implanted in the model group to induce bone biomembrane formation,while bone cement was not implanted in the control group.At 4,6,and 8 weeks after bone cement implantation,6 rats were randomly selected at each time point.The bone induction membrane tissue was cut from the model group,and the non-bone soft tissue of the corresponding part was cut from the control group.The dynamic expressions of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane were identified by immunofluorescence.The morphological changes of the bone induced membrane were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The formation of blood vessels in the bone induced membrane was observed by angiography.The expression levels of osteoblast-specific transcription factor in the bone induced membrane were detected by immunohistochemistry.Four rats remained at each time point.In the model group,the bone induced membrane was cut open and the bone cement was removed and autologous coccyx was implanted.In the control group,autologous coccyx was implanted in the bone defect area.Micro-CT evaluation of the tibial defect was performed 8 weeks after bone grafting.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Immunofluorescence staining showed that the expression of H-type vessels in the model group was most obvious 6 weeks after bone cement implantation,and the expression of H-type vessels in the model group at each time point after bone cement implantation was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).(2)Hematoxylin-eosin staining and angiography showed that the number and volume of new blood vessels at each time point after bone cement implantation in the model group were greater than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The order of the number and volume of new blood vessels in the model group was:8 weeks after bone cement implantation＞6 weeks after bone cement implantation＞4 weeks after bone cement implantation.(3)Immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors at each time point after bone cement implantation in the model group was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05),and the positive expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors in the model group was most obvious 6 weeks after bone cement implantation.(4)Micro-CT detection showed that the bone repair effect of the three subgroups in the model group was significantly better than that of the corresponding subgroups in the control group,and the bone repair effect of the subgroup in the model group 6 weeks after bone cement implantation was better than that of the subgroups 4 and 8 weeks after bone cement implantation.The results indicate that H-type blood vessels are dynamically expressed in the bone induced membrane and reached a peak 6 weeks after bone cement implantation.Good bone repair effects can be obtained by the bone induced membrane bone grafting 6 weeks after bone cement implantation.

Objective:To discuss the expression of tripartite motif-containing protein 24(TRIM24)in the clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)tissue,and to clarify its relationships with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of the ccRCC patients.Methods:The cancer and paracancer normal tissues were collected from 90 ccRCC patients who had not undergone preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression levels of TRIM24 protein in ccRCC tissue.The differences in TRIM24 protein expression between ccRCC and paracancer normal tissues were analyzed.The score of TRIM24 protein expression and the average value were calculated,and based on the average value,the patients were classified into TRIM24 protein low-expression and TRIM24 protein high-expression groups.The associations between the TRIM24 protein expression and different clinicopathological features of the patients were analyzed,and the relationship between the TRIM24 protein expression and the prognosis of the patients was analyzed.Results:The immunohistochemistry results showed that the TRIM24 protein was expressed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of the ccRCC tumor cells,and there were significant differences in the TRIM24 protein expression level in ccRCC tissue when compared with paracancer normal tissue(P＜0.05).The TRIM24 protein expression in the nucleus of ccRCC tissue was associated with the patient's age,gender,and tumor size(P＜0.05).The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis results showed that the overall survivals of the patients with high TRIM24 protein expression in the cytoplasm of ccRCC tissue,older age,and higher pathological grade were shorter than those with low TRIM24 protein expression,younger age,and lower pathological grade(P＜0.05).The multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that the prognosis of the patients with high TRIM24 protein expression in the cytoplasm and higher pathological grade were poorer compared with the patients with low TRIM24 protein expression and lower pathological grade(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The ccRCC patients with high TRIM24 expression in the cytoplasm of ccRCC tumor tissue and higher pathological grade have the lower postoperative survival rates and poorer prognosis.

BACKGROUND:Slow bone repair and poor bone formation quality are still problems during masquelet technique in the treatment of large segment bone defects.H-type vessels can induce osteogenesis,enhance the local angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling,and promote bone repair.However,there are few reports on the role of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane.OBJECTIVE:To construct a large segment bone defect model of SD rat tibia,observe the expression characteristics of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane,then to identify the expression peak point of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane and determine the optimal period of bone grafting.METHODS:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into a control group(n=30)and a model group(n=30)by random number table method.The two groups were further divided into three subgroups at 4,6,and 8 weeks after bone cement implantation,with 10 rats in each group.A 4 mm bone defect model of the right tibia was constructed in both the control and the model groups.Polymethyl methacrylate bone cement was implanted in the model group to induce bone biomembrane formation,while bone cement was not implanted in the control group.At 4,6,and 8 weeks after bone cement implantation,6 rats were randomly selected at each time point.The bone induction membrane tissue was cut from the model group,and the non-bone soft tissue of the corresponding part was cut from the control group.The dynamic expressions of H-type blood vessels in the bone induced membrane were identified by immunofluorescence.The morphological changes of the bone induced membrane were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The formation of blood vessels in the bone induced membrane was observed by angiography.The expression levels of osteoblast-specific transcription factor in the bone induced membrane were detected by immunohistochemistry.Four rats remained at each time point.In the model group,the bone induced membrane was cut open and the bone cement was removed and autologous coccyx was implanted.In the control group,autologous coccyx was implanted in the bone defect area.Micro-CT evaluation of the tibial defect was performed 8 weeks after bone grafting.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Immunofluorescence staining showed that the expression of H-type vessels in the model group was most obvious 6 weeks after bone cement implantation,and the expression of H-type vessels in the model group at each time point after bone cement implantation was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).(2)Hematoxylin-eosin staining and angiography showed that the number and volume of new blood vessels at each time point after bone cement implantation in the model group were greater than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The order of the number and volume of new blood vessels in the model group was:8 weeks after bone cement implantation＞6 weeks after bone cement implantation＞4 weeks after bone cement implantation.(3)Immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors at each time point after bone cement implantation in the model group was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05),and the positive expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors in the model group was most obvious 6 weeks after bone cement implantation.(4)Micro-CT detection showed that the bone repair effect of the three subgroups in the model group was significantly better than that of the corresponding subgroups in the control group,and the bone repair effect of the subgroup in the model group 6 weeks after bone cement implantation was better than that of the subgroups 4 and 8 weeks after bone cement implantation.The results indicate that H-type blood vessels are dynamically expressed in the bone induced membrane and reached a peak 6 weeks after bone cement implantation.Good bone repair effects can be obtained by the bone induced membrane bone grafting 6 weeks after bone cement implantation.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of falls and balance force in community elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension,so as to prevent from fall risk.Methods The elderly fall risks assessment tool and the elderly balance force test table were investigated in community elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension in community.Results The average score in fall risk assessment of 189 elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension in community was (6.78±5.49)and the average score in balance ability was(5.42±5.23), and there were statistically significant differences in occupation, gender and marital status(P<0.05).The fall risk assessment was positively correlated with the balance ability(r=0.637,P< 0.01).Conclusions The elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension in community have a higher risk of falls and balance problems, so the community should carry out comprehensive measures to improve the environment of community and home, strengthen the balance ability training,and reduce the risk of falls.

Objective To evaluate the clinical performance of an automated image analysis systems named CellaVision DM96 in classifying White Blood Cells.Methods A total of 2267 peripheral blood samples (male 1 235, female 1 034, average age 46) were obtained from outpatient and inpatient in Peking Union Medical College Hospital ( PUMCH ) . These samples were selected to evaluate the precision, sensitivity, specificity and the analytical error of the system.We first evaluated the coincidence rate of reclassification and manual microscopy.On the base of favourable coincidence rate, we then evaluated the correlations between the pre-classification and reclassification of segmented neutrophil, band neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophile, basophile, blast cell, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, plasma cell and reactive lymphocyte.Results The sensitivity and specificity of pre-classification of White Blood Cell were 46% -100% and 24%-92%, respectively.When studied on the cell level, the total coincidence rate of pre-classification was 88%.And the coincidence rates of pre-classification and reclassification of White Blood Cell were 6%-95% and 25%-100%, respectively.When assessed on the sample level, the coincidence rates of pre-classification and reclassification of leukocytes were 64%-98%and 84%-100%, respectively.The correlations of pre-classification and reclassification of leukocytes in order from high to low were: lymphocyte, segmented neutrophil, eosinophile, band neutrophil, monocyte, basophile, when r were 0.943 9, 0.915 2, 0.785 4, 0.775 6, 0.676 2 and 0.289 1, respectively.The correlations between reclassification and manual microscopy of White Blood Cell were higher than those between pre-classification and manual microscopy.Order from high to low was: eosinophile, segmented neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, band neutrophil, basophile.And r were 0.972 1, 0.968 5, 0.957 0, 0.831 9, 0.800 6 and 0.648 7, respectively.The ability of this automated image analysis systems at pre-classification in distinguishing between band cell and segment cell, atypical lymphocyte and normal lymphocyte was not good. Conclusion The performance of reclassification was better than pre-classification.The reclassification can be substitute for the microscopy inspection, and be used in the Clinical practice.

This study was aimed to explore differential effects of various sections of the velvet antler on promoting cell proliferation in vitro. The NRK-49F cell line from rat kidney fibroblasts was used as the cell model. The cell proliferation rates of the water extracts from the upper, middle and lower section of fresh velvet antler were measured by the MTT method. BCA method was used in the detection of protein concentration. The SDS-PAGE method was used in the analysis of difference composition of the sample protein. The results showed that soluble protein content of the upper, middle and lower section were 17.89, 16.04 and 6.89 mg·mL-1, respectively. From the top to the base, the soluble protein content of velvet antler was decreased. After 24 h treatment, when the protein concentration of the upper and middle section samples of the velvet antler were 800 μg·mL-1 and 600 μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which were 66.76% and 64.36%, respectively. And when the lower section sample of the velvet antler was 1 000 μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which was 58.87%. After 48 h treatment, when the upper and middle section samples of the velvet antler were 800μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which were 219.56% and 215.86%, respectively. And when the lower section sample of the velvet antler was 1 000 μg·mL-1, the cell proliferation promoting rates reached the maximum, which was 169.20%. The velvet antler on the proliferation of cells was much better than the 10% fetal bovine serum. The figure of SDS-PAGE showed the slight difference in the protein composition of three part of the velvet antler. It was concluded that all samples had promoting effects on cell proliferation with concentration-depen-dent, and the main protein in different part of the velvet antler had minor differences.