Implementation science (IS) aims to systematically analyze and address the real-world gaps from evidence to practice and the influencing factors of the context. It is necessary to carry out qualitative research to gather relevant implementation outcomes. Nevertheless, traditional qualitative analysis has issues such as consuming a great deal of time and energy, and it is unable to promptly provide the crucial data required for implementation science research. The Rapid Qualitative Analysis (RQA) method, through semi-structured interviews and the adoption of techniques such as immediate data condensation and matrix analysis, can effectively shorten the cycle of qualitative data collection and data processing. RQA can promptly identify social determinants of health such as structural barriers, facilitators, and the behavioral characteristics of target groups. It provides a real-time basis for public health decision-making, the interpretation of complex social phenomena, and the process and effectiveness evaluation of research projects. Although RQA is difficult to conduct in-depth theoretical analysis based on grounded theory, its efficiency and flexibility make it the preferred tool for large-scale and time-sensitive research. Thus, it has been widely applied in implementation science research. This paper sorts out the core concepts and commonly used technical methods of RQA, as well as the differences between RQA and traditional qualitative analysis. It also explores the applications of RQA in intervention optimization, process evaluation, and implementation outcome evaluation. By integrating specific cases, this paper clarifies its application value in the field of implementation science. In the future, it is advisable to explore the integration of RQA with technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data, in order to bridge the gap between the transformation of scientific research achievements into practice. Under circumstances of limited resources or tight time constraints, RQA can be used to efficiently conduct implementation science research, providing convenient and scientific methodological and technical support for accelerating evidence-based practice.

Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） clinical trials face challenges such as low participant compliance， insufficient geographical coverage， and cost-effectiveness imbalances. Decentralized clinical trials （DCT）， enabled by digital technology for remote data collection and monitoring， offer a new direction for TCM clinical trial research. This article systematically reviews three novel clinical trial design models. Combining the holistic concept and indivi-dualized treatment characteristics of TCM， it analyzes the challenges currently faced in TCM DCT practice， including the digitization and standardization of TCM theory， data security， privacy protection and patient engagement difficu-lties， insufficient ethical review and regulatory system adaptation， inadequate personnel training， and a shortage of interdisciplinary talent. Addressing these challenges， the article proposes methodological recommendations for DCT implementation that align with the principles of TCM diagnosis and treatment. These recommendations include promoting the intelligentization and standardization of TCM practices， constructing a full-chain data security and privacy protection system， improving the ethical framework and clarifying regulatory responsibilities， and cultivating and building interdisciplinary talent and capabilities， which provide theoretical and technical references for establishing standardized DCT practices in TCM.

Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） clinical trials face challenges such as low participant compliance， insufficient geographical coverage， and cost-effectiveness imbalances. Decentralized clinical trials （DCT）， enabled by digital technology for remote data collection and monitoring， offer a new direction for TCM clinical trial research. This article systematically reviews three novel clinical trial design models. Combining the holistic concept and indivi-dualized treatment characteristics of TCM， it analyzes the challenges currently faced in TCM DCT practice， including the digitization and standardization of TCM theory， data security， privacy protection and patient engagement difficu-lties， insufficient ethical review and regulatory system adaptation， inadequate personnel training， and a shortage of interdisciplinary talent. Addressing these challenges， the article proposes methodological recommendations for DCT implementation that align with the principles of TCM diagnosis and treatment. These recommendations include promoting the intelligentization and standardization of TCM practices， constructing a full-chain data security and privacy protection system， improving the ethical framework and clarifying regulatory responsibilities， and cultivating and building interdisciplinary talent and capabilities， which provide theoretical and technical references for establishing standardized DCT practices in TCM.

Allergic conjunctivitis is a common ocular inflammatory disease, with intense itching being the most typical and distressing symptom for patients. In recent years, with the in-depth study of the interaction between the nervous and immune systems, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanism of itching in allergic conjunctivitis. This review elaborates on the neurobiological basis of itching in allergic conjunctivitis, with a focus on the complex dialogue between immune cells and sensory neurons, particularly the core role of the IL-33-ST2-CGRP signaling axis in mediating itching. Additionally, this article introduces new findings in genetic susceptibility research, including the identification of susceptibility genes for allergic conjunctivitis through transcriptome-wide association studies. The sensory nervous system not only transmits itch signals but also actively participates in the formation of antigen channels related to conjunctival goblet cells, thereby regulating the local uptake of allergens and the initiation of the immune response. Moreover, targeted novel therapeutic strategies offer hope for patients with refractory allergic conjunctivitis. Exploring the molecular and cellular mechanisms of itching in allergic conjunctivitis will provide a theoretical basis for the development of more effective treatment methods.

Objective To assess the expression of CXCL8 in cervical cancer and its association with clinicopathological features and therapeutic efficacy of patients.Methods Bioinformatic analysis was performed using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases to compare CXCL8 expression between cervical cancer and normal tissues.R software(version 4.4.0)was used for data analysis,with the timeROC package applied to construct time-dependent receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves for evalua-ting the prognostic predictive efficacy of CXCL8.The survival package with the survfit function was used to compare survival differences between CXCL8 high-and low-expression groups.Clinical data and tissue specimens were collected from 94 patients with cervical squa-mous cell cancer treated at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between January 2017 and December 2021.Immu-nohistochemical staining was used to detect CXCL8 expression levels and analyze its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics,therapeutic efficacy,and prognosis.Results Bioinformatic analysis showed that CXCL8 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues than in normal tissues(P＜0.05).Time-dependent ROC curves and survival analyses showed that patients with high CXCL8 expression had significantly shorter overall survival than those with low CXCL8 expression(P＜0.001).Immunohistochemical results showed that CXCL8 expression in cervical cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues(P＜0.000 1).Clinical correlation analy-sis revealed that CXCL8 expression levels were associated with treatment regimen(P＜0.001)and short-term therapeutic efficacy(P=0.017).Compared to the low-expression group,the high-expression group showed a significantly lower therapeutic efficacy and shorter overall survival(P＜0.05).Conclusion CXCL8 is highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues,and patients with high CXCL8 expression have poor prognosis.Thus,CXCL8 may be an effective target for assessing the prognosis and clinical treatment of cervical cancer.

Purpose To investigate the changes in quadriceps femoris microcirculatory perfusion level after low-load blood flow restriction training and its relationship with muscle strength.Materials and Methods Twenty-five healthy subjects were prospectively recruited in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September to November 2022.A 200 mmHg pressure cuff was applied at the root of the left thigh for blood flow restriction,and the subjects completed regular knee extension training within 4 weeks.Before the first training session and within 24 hours after the last training session,all subjects underwent scanning with the 3.0T MRI intravoxel incoherent motion sequence and the multi-echo steady-state acquisition three-dimentional imaging sequence.After image post-processing,the quadriceps femoris cross-sectional area,perfusion fraction and pseudo-diffusion coefficient were obtained,and the peak torque was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer.The MRI and muscle strength test parameters before and after training were compared,and correlation analyses were performed between the change of peak torque and the change of perfusion fraction,cross-sectional area,and pseudo-diffusion coefficient respectively.Results After low-load blood flow restriction training,the cross-sectional area of the left quadriceps femoris in subjects increased(t=-4.515,P<0.05).Among its components,the cross-sectional area of the left rectus femoris,vastus intermedius and vastus lateralis all increased(t=-3.302,-2.877,-3.207,all P<0.05).The perfusion fraction value of the left quadriceps femoris increased(t=-5.447,P<0.05);the perfusion fraction values of the left rectus femoris,vastus intermedius,vastus lateralis and vastus medialis all increased(t=-5.723,-4.621,-3.767,-4.682,all P<0.05);the muscle strength of the left quadriceps femoris increased(t=-3.983,P<0.05).There was a highly positive correlation between change of perfusion fraction and peak torque of the left quadriceps femoris in subjects(r=0.708,P<0.05).Conclusion After low-load blood flow restriction training,the changes in quadriceps femoris muscle microperfusion quantified by intravoxel incoherent motion are related to muscle strength,which is helpful for formulating rehabilitation training strategies for young patients.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the management status of small pressure steam sterilizers in dental institu-tions across seven major regions of China and provide references for establishing standardized monitoring and eval-uation protocols for sterilization efficacy.METHODS From Aug.to Nov.2023,a convenience sampling method was employed to select 885 dental institutions of various levels from seven geographical regions.An online survey using a self-designed questionnaire was conducted to assess the management status of small pressure steam steri-lizers in dental institutions.RESULTS A total of 885 questionnaires were distributed,with 770 valid responses col-lected,covering 770 dental institutions at all levels.The survey involved 2 056 small pressure steam sterilizers,of which 43.14％were pre-vacuum type and 89.40％were benchtop models.Tertiary dental institutions had the high-est proportion of imported small pressure steam sterilizers(60.15％),with most devices in use for 5-10 years(36.88％).Secondary and low er-level institutions predominantly used domestically produced small pressure steam sterilizers(74.60％),which used for 3-5 years accounting for the highest proportion(34.29％).While 85.58％of dental institutions employed dedicated sterilization personnel,only 45.84％performed proper maintenance for small pressure steam sterilizers.Training rates were 80.00％for department of stomatology in ungraded general hospitals and primary medical institutions,76.19％in prejob and 71.43％during the work for department of sto-matology in primary clinics,respectively.CONCLUSIONS Although most dental institutions demonstrate sound policy formulation,challenges persist in equipment maintenance,policy implementation and grassroots training.Future efforts should be made on strengthening maintenance and inspection of equipment,enhancing sys-tem supervisory mechanisms,and optimizing training systems to ensure dental treatment safety.

Objective The objective of this study was to explore the effect of knocking down CXCL8 on the efficacy of pacli-taxel chemotherapy in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate its potential mechanism of action.Methods The Hela cell model was used to specifically inhibit CXCL8 gene expression through lentivirus-mediated RNA interference(RNAi)technology.The optimal transfection conditions were HitransG P and a multiplicity of infection(MOI)of 100.The CCK-8 assay was used to screen the optimal intervention concentration of puromycin as 1.5μg/mL.The LV-CXCL8-RNAi(3 targets)and negative control lentivirus were transfected into cells under optimal transfection conditions and set up a blank control group.The qRT-PCR assay was used to select the sh-CXCL8-13 group lentivirus as the intervention sequence and virus for subsequent experiments.The experiments were divided into the blank control group,negative control group,sh-CXCL8 group,paclitaxel group,and sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group.The prolifer-ative activity and invasive ability of cervical cancer cells were assessed by CCK-8 and cell invasion assays.The expression of CXCL8,Bcl2,Bax,and β-actin were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with the other four groups,the proliferative and invasive ability of Hela cells was significantly reduced in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group,and the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P<0.01).The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of CXCL8,Bcl2,PIK3CB,and Akt1 genes was significantly re-duced,and the expression of Bax gene was significantly increased in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group.The difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.001).The results of Western blot showed that the expression of CXCL8,PIK3CB,and p-Akt1 proteins was reduced in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group(P<0.05).Conclusion Knocking down CXCL8 can reduce the prolif-erative and invasive capacity of Hela cells,possibly by affecting the PI3K/Akt pathway to affect the drug sensitivity of Hela cells to paclitaxel.

The aim of this research was to investigate the mechanism of chelidonine on H2 O2-in-duced inflammatory injury in porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-J2)through transcriptome sequencing.IPEC-J2 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were divided into the blank group(K group),H2O2 group(S group)and chelidonine group(L group),with three replicates in each group.Total RNA was isolated from each group for the purpose of constructing a sequencing li-brary.The assembled data underwent functional annotation,differential gene analysis,as well as GO and KEGG enrichment analyses.qPCR was used to confirm the expression of key differentially expressed genes(DEGs),and ELISA was utilized to assess the effect of chelidonine on the permea-bility of IPEC-J2 cells.The results indicated that the sequencing data met the necessary criteria and demonstrated a strong correlation between samples.The GO functional annotation results suggest that the intervention effects of chelidonine involve biological processes such as oxidative stress re-sponse and G2/M phase transition regulation of the mitotic cycle,and are closely associated with molecular functions,such as transmembrane transport activity.The KEGG enrichment analysis indicates that following H2 O2 treatment,DEGs in IPEC-J2 cells are predominantly enriched in the p53 signaling pathway,the coagulation cascade,the FoxO signaling pathway,and various other sig-naling pathways.Following pretreatment with chelidonine,the DEGs exhibit significant enrichment in several signaling pathways related to inflammation,including the TNF signaling pathway,syn-aptic vesicle cycle,and IL-17 signaling pathway.The results of qPCR were consistent with the se-quencing results.Chelidonine has also been found to effectively inhibit LDH release,elevate GLN content,and decrease DOA content.In conclusion,it can be seen that chelidonine can reduce cell permeability and alleviate H2 O2-induced inflammatory injury in IPEC-J2 cells by modulating in-flammation-related pathways such as the TNF signaling pathway.

Objective To assess the expression of CXCL8 in cervical cancer and its association with clinicopathological features and therapeutic efficacy of patients.Methods Bioinformatic analysis was performed using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases to compare CXCL8 expression between cervical cancer and normal tissues.R software(version 4.4.0)was used for data analysis,with the timeROC package applied to construct time-dependent receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves for evalua-ting the prognostic predictive efficacy of CXCL8.The survival package with the survfit function was used to compare survival differences between CXCL8 high-and low-expression groups.Clinical data and tissue specimens were collected from 94 patients with cervical squa-mous cell cancer treated at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between January 2017 and December 2021.Immu-nohistochemical staining was used to detect CXCL8 expression levels and analyze its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics,therapeutic efficacy,and prognosis.Results Bioinformatic analysis showed that CXCL8 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues than in normal tissues(P＜0.05).Time-dependent ROC curves and survival analyses showed that patients with high CXCL8 expression had significantly shorter overall survival than those with low CXCL8 expression(P＜0.001).Immunohistochemical results showed that CXCL8 expression in cervical cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues(P＜0.000 1).Clinical correlation analy-sis revealed that CXCL8 expression levels were associated with treatment regimen(P＜0.001)and short-term therapeutic efficacy(P=0.017).Compared to the low-expression group,the high-expression group showed a significantly lower therapeutic efficacy and shorter overall survival(P＜0.05).Conclusion CXCL8 is highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues,and patients with high CXCL8 expression have poor prognosis.Thus,CXCL8 may be an effective target for assessing the prognosis and clinical treatment of cervical cancer.