Objective: To understand the status and related factors of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on vision health among young children s parents in Bao an District, Shenzhen, so as to provide reference for further controlling myopia and promoting children s visual health. Methods: From May 16th to 26th, 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on 7 666 parents of kindergarten children across 41 kindergartens in a street of Bao an District, Shenzhen. The t-test, variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors of KAP on vision health among children s parents. Results: The pass rates of parental vision KAP and overall assessment were 25.10%, 98.49 %, 71.18% and 58.26%, respectively. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that only fathers with myopia, only mothers with myopia, both parents with myopia, children in the bottom classes, middle classes, senior classes, and pre school had higher standardized scores for KAP on vision health among parents ( β=0.08, 0.11, 0.16, 0.17, 0.16, 0.16, 0.05, P <0.05), compared to both parents without myopia and children in daycare classes. Parents of young children with myopia, and who didn t know their children s visual acuity and their own visual acuity had a lower KAP standardized scores ( β=-0.02, -0.04, -0.05 , P< 0.05). Conclusions Young children s parents in Bao an District hold a positive attitude towards vision health, but are lack of knowledge and practice. It is imperative to transmit accurate information and concepts about children s vision health to parents in a targeted manner. In particular, knowledge and guidance should be strengthened for children s parents.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of pathogen spectrum and the clinical significance of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)in malignant tumor patients with pulmonary infections.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the patients with malignant tumor who were admitted to department of oncology,the Second affiliated hospital of army medical university,from January 2021 to December 2024.All patients developed respiratory symptoms dur-ing treatment and were diagnosed with pulmonary inflammation based on lung imaging findings,and BALF mNGS and sputum cul-ture were used for pathogen detection.A descriptive analysis was used to summarize the clinical data of patients and the distribution of pathogens,which was compared between patients with different cancer types and metastatic statuses.BALF mNGS and sputum cul-ture were compared in terms of diagnostic performance.Results:A total of 127 patients were enrolled,among whom 70.9%had non-small cell lung cancer,15.0%had small cell lung cancer,and 14.1%had other malignancies.The patients with distant metastasis ac-counted for 48.0%.A total of 145 BALF mNGS tests were performed,among which 84 tests(57.9%)yielded positive results for patho-gens,and 13 tests detected polymicrobial infections,accounting for 15.5%(13/84).A total of 121 pathogenic strains were identified,with fungi(41.3%)and Gram-negative bacteria(39.7%)as the main pathogens,and common pathogens for infection included Pneumo-cystis jirovecii(16.5%),Candida albicans(11.6%),Haemophilus influenzae(11.6%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(10.7%),Pseudomonas ae-ruginosa(10.7%),and Staphylococcus aureus(8.3%).There was a significant difference in the distribution of pathogens between the pa-tients with different types of cancer and statuses of distant metastasis,but Pneumocystis jirovecii remained the most common pathogen for opportunistic infection across all subgroups.A total of 70 patients underwent both sputum culture and BALF mNGS,and the posi-tive rate of sputum culture was only 16.0%,which was significantly lower than that of BALF mNGS(χ2=35.52,P<0.001).The concor-dance rate between sputum culture and BALF mNGS was 48.1%.Conclusion:BALF mNGS can accurately reveal the complex patho-gen spectrum in malignant tumor patients with pulmonary infections,especially the high-risk opportunistic pathogens such as Pneumo-cystis jirovecii.For patients with negative results of sputum culture,BALF mNGS can significantly improve the detection rates of patho-gens and polymicrobial infections.

Infectious bone defect is bone defect with infection or as a result of treatment of bone infection. It requires surgical intervention, and the treatment processes are complex and long, which include bone infection control,bone defect repair and even complex soft tissue reconstructions in some cases. Failure to achieve the goals in any step may lead to the failure of the overall treatment. Therefore, infectious bone defect has been a worldwide challenge in the field of orthopedics. Conventionally, sequestrectomy, bone grafting, bone transport, and systemic/local antibiotic treatment are standard therapies. Radical debridement remains one of the cornerstones for the management of bone infection. However, the scale of debridement and the timing and method of bone defect reconstruction remain controversial. With the clinical application of induced membrane technique, effective infection control and rapid bone reconstruction have been achieved in the management of infectious bone defect. The induced membrane technique has attracted more interests and attention, but the lack of understanding the basic principles of infection control and technical details may hamper the clinical outcomes of induced membrane technique and complications can possibly occur. Therefore, the Chinese Orthopedic Association organized domestic orthopedic experts to formulate An evidence-based clinical guideline for the treatment of infectious bone defect with induced membrane technique ( version 2023) according to the evidence-based method and put forward recommendations on infectious bone defect from the aspects of precise diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, operation procedure, postoperative management and rehabilitation, so as to provide useful references for the treatment of infectious bone defect with induced membrane technique.

Objective: To understand the similarities and differences in different dosage forms of tuberculin test for college students having close contact with tuberculosis in Nanning colleges and universities in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods: A total of 7 771 students were screened for symptoms and tuberculin skin test(TST)、X radiographs from 2018 to 2019 in Nanning.The used doses of Purified Protein Derivative of Tuberculin (TB-PPD) in 2018 and 2019 were 2 IU and 5 IU respectively. Results: A total of 916 positive cases were detected in 2 years, with the total positive rate of 11.79%. Total strong positive number was 184 and the strong positive rate was 2.37%. The number of tuberculosis patients was 17. Positive rate of the students from grade one to grade four was 13.88%, 8.57%, 10.59%, 10.29%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant(χ 2=46.30，P＜0.01). The positive rates of male and female in the past two years were 13.24%(500/3 777) and 10.42%(416/3 994), respectively (χ 2=17.84, P<0.01)，and there was no significant difference in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis among TST positive patients (χ 2=0.29,P=0.59). The positive and strong positive rates of 2 IU dose and 5 IU dose were 7.57%, 15.04%, respectively, the difference in dosage forms were statistically significant (χ 2=114.41,P<0.01). The tuberculosis case detection rate (CDR) of moderate & above positive subjects of 2 IU and 5 IU dose was 6.92% and 2.07%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(χ 2=6.60，P=0.02). Conclusion More positive tuberculosis cases (including moderate & strong positive) can be detected by using 5 IU dose, though it is may not have advantage over discovering tuberculosis patients comparing to 2 IU dose. However, it is more critical to minimize the following cases and control the outbreak in university.

Objective To investigate the role of vitamin D in the synthesis and degradation of aggrecan in rat articular chondrocytes at cellular level. Methods Rat articular chondrocytes were stimulated by IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α, respectively. Normal and inflammatory chondrocytes were treated with different doses of vitamin D, respectively. CCK8, Flow cytometry, real time-PCR and western blot analysis were used to examine the proliferation activity and apoptosis level of chondrocytes, and the expression of aggrecan, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 at both mRNA and protein levels. Results IL-1α,IL-1β and TNF-α significantly decreased the proliferation activity and increased the apoptosis level of the chondrocytes. Furthermore, IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α significantly decreased the expression of aggrecan, and increased the expressions of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 at both mRNA and protein levels in the chondrocytes. 1α,25 (OH)2D3supplementation significantly increased the proliferation activity and decreased the apoptosis level of chondrocytes stimulated by IL-1α, IL-1β and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner, but not affected the normal chondrocytes. Meanwhile, 1α,25(OH)2D3also significantly increased the expression of aggrecan, and decreased the expressions of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 at both mRNA and protein levels in the chondrocytes under inflammatory conditions. Conclusions Vitamin D may promote the anabolism of aggrecan and inhibit aggrecanase activity in chondrocytes under inflammatory conditions, which may impact overall protection for articular cartilage.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of chromosomal translocations on the composition of embryonic chromosomes and its mechanism. METHODS: For 52 couples with one partner carrying a chromosomal translocation, results of next generation sequencing of all embryos derived from 61 cycles were divided into different groups based on the type of translocations, gender of the carrier, and maternal age. Effect of parental chromosomal translocations on the composition of embryonic chromosomes of each group was analyzed. RESULTS: A significant difference was found between carriers of reciprocal and Robertsonian translocations in terms of proportion of abnormal embryos and structurally normal chromosomes (63.3% vs. 27.5%, and 1.1% vs. 0.3%, respectively). Compared with male carriers, there was an increase in the rate of abnormalities for female carriers (67.2% vs. 58.3% for reciprocal translocations, and 45.5% vs. 13.8% for Robertsonian translocations). The risk for chromosomal abnormality also increased with the maternal age. No significant difference was found in the proportion of abnormal embryos between carriers divided by involvement of acrocentric chromosomes or terminal chromosomal breakpoints. CONCLUSION The types of parental translocation, gender of carrier, maternal age, and interchromosomal effect have certain effect on the composition of embryonic chromosomes.
Chromosomes, Human ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Carrier Screening ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Pregnancy ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective: To study the effect of 60Co-γ ray irradiation on the contents of danshensu,protocatechuic aldehyde,puerarin and salviamolic acid B in Tongmai granules by HPLC. Methods: An Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18(2) column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) was adopted and the wavelength of UV detection was 280 nm at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1. The mobile phase consisted of 0. 1% phosphoric acid (B) and acetonitrile (A) with gradient elution, and the column temperature was 35℃. Tongmai granules were irradiated by 60Co-γ ray respectively at 0, 2, 5,10 and kGy,the contents of the active ingredients were compared before and after the irradiation. Results: The linear range of danshensu,protocatechuic aldehyde,puerarin and salviamolic acid B was 0. 098-4. 925 μg, 0. 028-1. 411 μg, 0. 378-18. 882 μg and 0. 218-10. 888 μg, respectively. The average recovery was 99. 8% , 97. 7% , 99. 9% and 99. 9% , respectively. When the radiation dose was not more than 2 kGy, the contents of the five components did not change significantly (P>0. 05). After 5 kGy radiation, the contents of protocatechuic aldehyde and salviamolic acid B were signifi-cantly different (P <0. 05). Conclusion: The dose of 60Co ray should be controlled not more than 2 kGy, and the sterilization method is safe and effective for Tongmai granules.

Objective To detect and analyse the levels of nitrite in marketed milk powder.Methods 6 brands of maketed milk powder were selected in this study.Interferents,such as protein,were removed from milk powder preliminarily by using potassium ferrocynide and zinc acetate.The levels of nitrite were detected by using fluorospectrophotometry method,and compared with na-tional standard(2 mg/kg).Results The levels of nitrite in the 6 brands of maketed milk powder were lower than the national stand-ard limit,had statistically significant differences(P <0.05).Conclusion The levels of nitrite of 6 brands of milk powders do not ex-ceed the national standard.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adult ; Carbolines ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Iloprost ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Tadalafil ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characters and treatment of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis, and to provide a scientific basis for improving clinical diagnosis of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis. METHOD: The clinical materials of 50 patients diagnosed as nasopharyngeal tuberculosis in Guangzhou Chest Hospital were reviewed and analyzed. All the 50 patients were given regular antituberculosis treatment with 3HRZS(E)/9HR(E) for one year, and were treated through nasal spray with combination medication of isoniazid, rifampicin and streptomycin injection solution for 3 months. RESULT: All patients were cured through regular antituberculosis treatment for one year, and no recrudescence cases were found in 2 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION Nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is rare and the clinical manifestation is atypical. It is extremely easy to cause clinical misdiagnosis. A full understanding of the pathogenesis, timely clinical characters under nasopharyngoscope and histopathological examination results are the keys to diagnosis, and to giving regular antituberculosis treatment to obtain satisfactory curative effect.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antitubercular Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Diseases ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Young Adult