In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and CT perfusion imaging (CTP) parameters for early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with mild stroke duo to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion.Methods:Patients with minor stroke duo to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion admitted to the First People's Hospital of Suqian from November 2021 to December 2023 were included. Minor stroke was defined as a baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≤ 5, and END was defined as an increase of ≥ 4 in NIHSS score within 24 hours of admission compared to the baseline. SIRI and SII were calculated based on the findings of blood routine examination. According to CTP at admission, the cerebral blood volume (CBV) index, infarct core volume, and early infarct growth rate (EIGR) were obtained. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for END. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of each predictor on END. Results:A total of 132 patients were included, with 85 males (64.4%) and a median age of 68 years (interquartile range, 58-77 years). Thirty-nine patients (29.5%) experienced END. The baseline NIHSS score, fasting blood glucose, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, SIRI, SII, infarct core volume, and EIGR in the END group were significantly higher than those in the non-END group, while the CBV index was significantly lower than that in the non-END group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SIRI (odds ratio [ OR] 3.672, 95% confidence interval[ CI] 1.838-6.326; P<0.001), SII ( OR 4.824, 95% CI 2.057-7.135; P<0.001), CBV index ( OR 0.968, 95% CI 0.947-0.986; P<0.001), and EIGR ( OR 2.527, 95% CI 1.918-3.589; P<0.001) were the independent predictive factors of END. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curves of SIRI, SII, CBV index, and EIGR for predicting END were 0.780 (95% CI 0.692-0.863), 0.798 (95% CI 0.709-0.888), 0.775 (95% CI 0.697-0.853), and 0.772 (95% CI 0.732-0.829), respectively. Conclusion:SIRI, SII, CBV index, and EIGR are the independent predictive factors of END in patients with minor stroke duo to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion, and have certain predictive value for END.

Circular RNA (circRNA) is involved in tumor progression. CircPVT1 is an oncogene that is abnormally expressed and correlated with a variety of tumors. It can regulate tumors' malignant behavior and affect the survival and prognosis of patients. This article reviews research on the regulatory roles of circPVT1 in tumors to provide references for accurate treatment.

Objective To analyze the biological characteristics of a mutant strain of Salmonella ty-phimurium SL1344 with sseK2-deletion (SL1344△sseK2) in order to provide reference for further study of safe and effective live vaccines. Methods The mutant strain SL1344△sseK2 with a deletion of 1047 bp in sseK2 gene was constructed through a two-step allelic exchange using recombinant suicide plasmid. Its com-plemented strain, SL1344C△sseK2, was also constructed. Biological and immunological characteristics of the mutant strain were detected. Results PCR, double-enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis showed that the mutant strain SL1344△sseK2 and the complemented strain SL1344C△sseK2 were successfully con-structed. The serotype of the mutant strain was 1,4,[5],12:i:1,2, identical to the parent strain SL1344. In addition, the mutant strain showed no significant change in biochemical characteristics or growth rate and was genetically stable in vitro. Compared with the parent strain SL1344, the virulence of SL1344△sseK2 was attenuated in BALB/ c mice. The median lethal dose of SL1344△sseK2 for 6-week-old BALB/ c mice was 3. 44×108 colony-forming units (CFU), which was 1620 times lower than that of SL1344. Oral immuniza-tion with SL1344△sseK2 protected 62. 5％ of the mice against challenge with wild Salmonella typhimurium strains on 17 d after vaccination. The levels of serum IgG antibody peaked on 14 d after immunization. No significant difference in biological characteristics was observed between the complemented and the parent strains, indicating that the mutant strain was basically complemented to the wild-type strain.Conclusions The mutant strain SL1344△sseK2 was constructed successfully and genetically stable with sig-nificantly attenuated virulence and good immunogenicity. This study suggested that sseK2 gene played an im-portant role in regulating the virulence of SL1344, which might provide reference for further study of its func-tion and for assessing its potential as a candidate live attenuated vaccine.

Objective:Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are resistant to chemotherapy. Our study aimed to investigate the stem cell-like proper-ties of doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cell line 143B and its correlation with Notch signaling. Methods:We generated doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells by treating them with 2μm doxorubicin. Stem cell-like properties such as morphology change, Stro-1/CD117 double positive ratio, stem cell-related gene expression, sphere formation efficiency, and EMT character were assessed on day 5 after doxorubicin withdrawal. Notch receptor and its target genes were examined using qPCR and Western blot analysis. The stem cell-like properties of doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells were assessed when pretreated with Notch inhibitor or vehicle. The an-ti-tumor effect of Notch inhibitor was tested using a xenograft model. Results:Doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells were enriched in Stro-1+/CD117+cells, which showed obvious increased expression of stem cell-related genes, and exhibited enhanced spheroid for-mation and evident mesenchymal characteristics unlike doxorubicin-sensitive cells. qPCR and Western blot assays showed that Notch intracellular domain 1 (NICD1) and target genes Hes1 and Hey1 were upregulated in doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma stem cells compared with those in vehicle cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) to prevent Notch signaling en-hanced chemo-sensitivity and inhibited doxorubicin-enriched osteosarcoma stem cell activity in vitro. Finally, the Notch inhibitor pre-vented tumor growth in mice xenograft models. Conclusion: Doxorubicin induced the enrichment of osteosarcoma stem-like cells through Notch signaling, and inactivation of Notch could be useful for overcoming drug resistance and eliminating osteosarcoma.

Objective To analyze the urodynamic data of the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and provide evidence for the therapy.Methods 452 patients with BPH were selected.The mean age was(65.6 ±5.65)years(51 to 89 years).All patients had intact history documents which included the results of cystoscopy,urodynamics,doppler,DRE and PSA.Results 15 cases were not diagnosed with BOO.430 cases were diagnosed with BOO,among them,65 cases of bladder detrusor muscle weakness,bladder detrusor instability(detrusor,DI,instability)in 365 cases,3 cases were normal,and the other 4 cases had detrusor atony.In 445 patients the mean maximum urinary flow rate(8.32±3.15)ml/s,the average residual urine volume(87.68±79.46)ml,the average maximum flow rate when the detrusor pressure(62.32±7.54)cm H2O,maximum urethral closure pressure was(86.43±18.35)cmH2O,among which 19 cases were not suitable for surgery.At the end of the 426 patients underwent surgical treatment,postoperative follow-up of 3 to 18 months,the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)from 0 to 5,the quality of life index(QOL)score of 0 to 1,Qmax 11 to 21 ml /s,residual urine(45.6±36.2)ml.There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative indexes(P<0.05).Conclusion Urodynamic tests can avoid the blindness in the surgery treatment of BPH.

Objective To study the sequence structure of Salmonella typhimurium Ssek3 gene and to express it at protein level in a prokaryotic expression system .Methods Sequence of Ssek3 gene was ob-tained from Salmonella typhimurium SL1344 strain.Bioinformatics methods were used for systematic analy-sis .A prokaryotic expression system for expressing Sse3k gene was constructed and the expressed protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography .Results Sequence analysis showed that the Ssek3 gene of Sal-monella typhimurium was 1008 bp in length, encoding a protein of 335 amino acids and 72 amino acid resi-dues.The molecular weight, molecular formula and isoelectric point of Ssek3 protein was 37.89×103, C1700 H2629 N463 O497 S12 and 6.7, which indicated that it was a stable and hydrophilic protein .Ssek3 protein was a membrane protein without signal peptide or transmembrane region , containing five N-glycosylation sites , three O-glycosylation sites , 33 phosphorylation sites , 22 linear B-cell epitopes , 11 T-cell epitopes and 21 di-sulfide bonds.The secondary structure of Ssek3 protein contained 114 α-helices (Hh) (34.03％), 72 ex-tended chain (Ee) (21.49％), 30β-sheets (Tt) (8.96％) and 119 random coils (Cc) (35.52％).Re-sults of SDS-PAGE showed that the fusion protein Ssek 3 expressed in the prokaryotic expression system was a secretory protein with a molecular weight of about 40×103 .Conclusion The Ssek3 gene of Salmonella typh-imurium is successfully cloned , sequenced and expressed in this study , which will lay a foundation for fur-ther studying the role of Ssek3 protein in host cells during Salmonella typhimurium infection.

Objective To investigate the urodynamic features of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP).Methods Urodynamic data of 302 patients that sought medical care in the hospital and were confirmed as BPH were selected for the study.In accordance with the length of IPP,the patients were divided into group A (136 cases) and group B (166 cases).The IPP length of group A was ≥ 1.0 cm,and the IPP length of group B was ＜ 1.0 cm.Detection results were compared between the 2 groups.Results Rates of bladder outlet obstruction (94.1％),detrusor instability (55.9％) and lower compliance bladder(41.2％)were all significantly higher than those of group B(75.3％ 、30.7％ 、16.9％),and maximum uroflow rate of group A was [(5.02 ± 1.76) ml/s],which was significantly lower than that of group B [(8.36 ± 2.54) ml/s].Conclusion Bladder outlet obstruction,detrusor instability and lower compliance bladder in patients with IPP were prominent,which might require surgical treatment at an early date.

Objective To Analyze the urodynamic features in the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and its diagnostic value.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with BPH who were hospitalized from January,2014 to August 2016 were recruited as study subjects,of whom 60 patients with BPH complicated with MD were designated as the observation group,and the other 60 patients with simple BPH were designated as the control group.Then,analysis was made on the urodynamic test results in the two groups.Results The scores of detrusor dysfunction for the observation group and the control group were respectively 46.67％ and 21.67％,and the percentages of high compliance bladder were respectively 40％ and 18.33％,while the scores of detrusor damage for the 2 groups were respectively 56.67％ and 33.33％.Statistical significance could be seen when comparisons were made between the 2 groups (x2 =18.865,P =0.037;x2 =19.458,P =0.043;x2 =18.382,P =0.041).The percentages of urinary bladder outlet obstruction were respectively 75.00％ and 48.33％,and the percentages of detrusor instability were respectively 51.67％ and 41.67％,also with statistical significance (x2 =5.253,P =0.031;x2 =4.963,P =0.026).Initial precipitant urination volumes for the observation group and the control group were respectively (242 + 15.46) ml and (146 + 22.34) ml,maximum bladder capacity for the 2 groups were respectively (306 +44.52) ml and (226 + 22.73) ml,residual urine volumes were respectively (166.18 + 23.35) and ml (56 ± 12.31) ml,precipitant urination pressures at maximum urinary flow were respectively (26.46 + 9.64) cmil20(1 cmil20 =0.098 kPa) and (61.73 + 11.75) cmH20,the scores of bladder compliance for the 2 group were respectively (47.36 +4.68) ml/cmH20 and (23.26 + 5.37) mL/cmH2O,and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) for the 2 groups were respectively (4.12 + 2.12) ml/s and (8.78 +2.36) mL/s.Statistical significance could also be seen when comparisons were made between the 2 groups (t =2.235,P=0.016;t=2.183;P =0.045;t =2.275;P=0.038;t =2.258;P =0.042;t =2.465;P=0.033;t =2.472;P =0.032).Conclusions In the patients with BPH complicated with DM,bladder detrusor dysfunction was severer as compared with those with simple BPH.Early urodynamic detection should be performed for those patients with BPH complicated DM,so as to provide clinical evidence for the selection of treatment methods.