Objective:To investigate gait alterations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with knee joint damage and to explore the potential of using gait analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of precision medical or surgical treatments in RA patients, serving as a reference for future gait-related research.Methods:A total of 45 patients with cumulative knee joint RA and 45 healthy control subjects were recruited from May 2021 to May 2022. Gait analysis and scale scoring were performed to compare gait changes between the two groups. Statistical tests including t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Pearson Chi-square were used to assess group differences. Results:Compared with the control group, the objective gait indexes of the knee involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were double support time [(523±127)ms and (333±45)ms, t=-9.48, P<0.001], total support time [(904±137) ms and (678±101)ms, t=-8.90, P<0.001], step length [(635±81) ms and (548±56) ms, t=-5.91, P<0.001], walking cycle [(1 273±169) ms and (1 075±104) ms, t=-4.76, P<0.001], the proportion of single support cycle (0.298±0.037 and 0.334±0.015, t=6.06, P<0.001), the proportion of double support cycle (0.408±0.069 and 0.309±0.021, t=-7.90, P<0.001), total support period ratio (0.709±0.035 and 0.628±0.041, t=-10.01, P<0.001), step length [(40±5)cm and (52±4)cm, t=9.02, P<0.001], step length [(77±11)cm and (104±8)cm, t=12.71, P<0.001] and the pace [(0.708±0.168) m/s and (1.050±0.192) m/s, t=8.98, P<0.001] were significantly different. Conclusion:Gait analysis can be utilized for the quantitative evaluation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), complicated with knee darnage, enabling objective quantification of assessment indicators and offering novel ideas and methodologies for diagnosing and treating of patients with RA.

Kidney stone is a common urological disorder with an increasing annual incidence，posing a heavy social burden. Previous studies have demonstrated that diverse cell death modalities，including ferroptosis and apoptosis，induce renal tubular epithelial cell injury and thereby promote kidney stone formation. Emerging evidence in recent years has further revealed that immune-inflammatory responses driven by interactions among renal microenvironment components also contribute to kidney stone pathogenesis. This review systematically summarizes current research advances on the mechanisms by which inflammatory cellular components（e.g.，macrophages，T cells），inflammatory mediators（e.g.，inflammasomes，cytokines），microbiota，and their synergistic interactions influence kidney stone development within the renal microenvironment.

Objective To observe the correlations between left atrial myocardial strain and left ventricular function in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD).Methods Fifty-one DMD children(DMD group)and 42 healthy one(control group)were prospectively enrolled.The parameters of routine ultrasound and three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography(3D-STE)were compared between groups,and the correlations between left atrial strain parameters and left ventricular function parameters were analyzed.Results The mitral annular lateral wall velocity(e'),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left atrial ejection fraction(LAEF),left atrioventricular coupling index(LACI),left ventricular global longitudinal strain(LVGLS),left atrial strain during reservoir phase(LASr)and left atrial strain during conduit phase(LAScd)were all lower,while mitral early diastolic peak flow velocity/e'(E/e'),left atrial stiffness index(LASI)and left atrial filling index(LAFI)were higher in DMD group than those in control group(all P＜0.05).In DMD group,LAEF,LASr and LAScd were moderately positively correlated with LVGLS(r=0.409,0.437,0.440,all P＜0.05),LAFI and LASI were weakly negatively correlated with LVGLS(r=-0.207,-0.223,both P＜0.05),while LASr was moderately positively correlated with e'(r=0.419,P＜0.05).Conclusion The left atrial myocardial strain was correlated with left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in DMD children.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of the infarct growth rate(IGR)in patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion.Methods This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients having acute anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion and being admitted to the Department of Neurointerventional Intervention,Central Hospital affiliated to Dalian University of Technology between September 2021 and July 2023.Patients were dichotomized into rapid and slow growth groups based on the median value of IGR,with 145 cases in each group.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of preoperative IGR.Results Multivariable Logistic regression analysis,after univariate screening,showed that hypertension(OR=2.27,95%CI:1.39-3.71),atrial fibrillation(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.22-3.12),and intracranial internal carotid artery occlusion(OR=1.98,95%CI:1.19-3.28)were risk factors of preoperative IGR(P<0.05).Hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and internal carotid artery occlusion all exhibited relatively low predictive value for IGR(P<0.05).The area under the curve for predicting IGR by combining these three factors was 0.642(95%CI:0.579-0.704),indicating a slight improvement in predictive performance,yet it remained relatively low.Conclusion Hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and proximal occlusion are risk factors of IGR in patients having acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion.

Objective:To investigate the mechanisms by which calpain small subunit 1(CAPN4)regulates cisplatin resistance and cancer stem cell(CSC)stemness in lung adenocarcinoma,and to provide experimental evidence for reversing drug resistance through targeting CSC stemness.Methods:Tissue samples were collected from 10 lung adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgical resection at Fujian Cancer Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)stining was used to detect the differential expression of CAPN4 in five cisplatin-resistant and five cisplatin-sensitive lung adenocarcinoma tissues,followed with a histological scoring(H-score).CAPN4 gene expression-related survival analysis in lung cancer patients was conducted using The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)platform.Additionally,tissue samples from two cisplatin-resistant and two cisplatin-sensitive lung adenocarcinoma cases were collected to establish lung adenocarcinoma organoid(PDO)models.H-E and IHC staining were used to assess the morphological consistency between PDOs and the primary tumors.CAPN4 gene expression was silenced using lentivirus-mediated shRNA transduction.The expression levels of stem cell markers ALDH1A1,CD133,Nanog,and SOX9 were detected at both the gene and protein levels using quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and Western blotting(WB),respectively.The sensitivity of CAPN4-knockdown PDOs to cisplatin was evaluated using the adenosine triphosphate(ATP)assay,and the apoptosis was assessed using the caspase-3 assay.Results:IHC results showed that CAPN4 protein expression was significantly upregulated in cisplatin-resistant lung adenocarcinoma tissues(P<0.05).TCGA cohort analysis revealed that high CAPN4 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis(reduced OS)in lung adenocarcinoma patients(HR=1.4,P<0.05).PDOs derived from cisplatin-resistant patients exhibited significant upregulation in CAPN4 protein and stemness markers at both gene and protein levels(all P<0.05).Cisplatin sensitivity assays demonstrated that PDOs derived from cisplatin-resistant patients had significantly higher IC50 values than those from cisplatin-sensitive patients(P<0.05).After CAPN4 knockdown,the expression of stem cell makers in PDOs derived from cisplatin-resistant patients were significantly reduced,and their sensitivity to cisplatin was enhanced(P<0.05).Conclusion:Knockdown of CAPN4 reduces stem cell marker expression and enhances cisplatin sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma PDOs,providing a potential therapeutic target for reversing cisplatin resistance in lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of the infarct growth rate(IGR)in patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion.Methods This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients having acute anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion and being admitted to the Department of Neurointerventional Intervention,Central Hospital affiliated to Dalian University of Technology between September 2021 and July 2023.Patients were dichotomized into rapid and slow growth groups based on the median value of IGR,with 145 cases in each group.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of preoperative IGR.Results Multivariable Logistic regression analysis,after univariate screening,showed that hypertension(OR=2.27,95%CI:1.39-3.71),atrial fibrillation(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.22-3.12),and intracranial internal carotid artery occlusion(OR=1.98,95%CI:1.19-3.28)were risk factors of preoperative IGR(P<0.05).Hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and internal carotid artery occlusion all exhibited relatively low predictive value for IGR(P<0.05).The area under the curve for predicting IGR by combining these three factors was 0.642(95%CI:0.579-0.704),indicating a slight improvement in predictive performance,yet it remained relatively low.Conclusion Hypertension,atrial fibrillation,and proximal occlusion are risk factors of IGR in patients having acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion.

Objective To observe the correlations between left atrial myocardial strain and left ventricular function in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD).Methods Fifty-one DMD children(DMD group)and 42 healthy one(control group)were prospectively enrolled.The parameters of routine ultrasound and three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography(3D-STE)were compared between groups,and the correlations between left atrial strain parameters and left ventricular function parameters were analyzed.Results The mitral annular lateral wall velocity(e'),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left atrial ejection fraction(LAEF),left atrioventricular coupling index(LACI),left ventricular global longitudinal strain(LVGLS),left atrial strain during reservoir phase(LASr)and left atrial strain during conduit phase(LAScd)were all lower,while mitral early diastolic peak flow velocity/e'(E/e'),left atrial stiffness index(LASI)and left atrial filling index(LAFI)were higher in DMD group than those in control group(all P＜0.05).In DMD group,LAEF,LASr and LAScd were moderately positively correlated with LVGLS(r=0.409,0.437,0.440,all P＜0.05),LAFI and LASI were weakly negatively correlated with LVGLS(r=-0.207,-0.223,both P＜0.05),while LASr was moderately positively correlated with e'(r=0.419,P＜0.05).Conclusion The left atrial myocardial strain was correlated with left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in DMD children.

Objective:To investigate gait alterations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated with knee joint damage and to explore the potential of using gait analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of precision medical or surgical treatments in RA patients, serving as a reference for future gait-related research.Methods:A total of 45 patients with cumulative knee joint RA and 45 healthy control subjects were recruited from May 2021 to May 2022. Gait analysis and scale scoring were performed to compare gait changes between the two groups. Statistical tests including t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Pearson Chi-square were used to assess group differences. Results:Compared with the control group, the objective gait indexes of the knee involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were double support time [(523±127)ms and (333±45)ms, t=-9.48, P<0.001], total support time [(904±137) ms and (678±101)ms, t=-8.90, P<0.001], step length [(635±81) ms and (548±56) ms, t=-5.91, P<0.001], walking cycle [(1 273±169) ms and (1 075±104) ms, t=-4.76, P<0.001], the proportion of single support cycle (0.298±0.037 and 0.334±0.015, t=6.06, P<0.001), the proportion of double support cycle (0.408±0.069 and 0.309±0.021, t=-7.90, P<0.001), total support period ratio (0.709±0.035 and 0.628±0.041, t=-10.01, P<0.001), step length [(40±5)cm and (52±4)cm, t=9.02, P<0.001], step length [(77±11)cm and (104±8)cm, t=12.71, P<0.001] and the pace [(0.708±0.168) m/s and (1.050±0.192) m/s, t=8.98, P<0.001] were significantly different. Conclusion:Gait analysis can be utilized for the quantitative evaluation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), complicated with knee darnage, enabling objective quantification of assessment indicators and offering novel ideas and methodologies for diagnosing and treating of patients with RA.

Kidney stone is a common urological disorder with an increasing annual incidence，posing a heavy social burden. Previous studies have demonstrated that diverse cell death modalities，including ferroptosis and apoptosis，induce renal tubular epithelial cell injury and thereby promote kidney stone formation. Emerging evidence in recent years has further revealed that immune-inflammatory responses driven by interactions among renal microenvironment components also contribute to kidney stone pathogenesis. This review systematically summarizes current research advances on the mechanisms by which inflammatory cellular components（e.g.，macrophages，T cells），inflammatory mediators（e.g.，inflammasomes，cytokines），microbiota，and their synergistic interactions influence kidney stone development within the renal microenvironment.

The study was aimed to assess the impact of Brucea javanica oil emulsion(BJOE)on the responsiveness of programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)monoclonal antibody to lung adenocarcinoma in mice.The experimental approach involved subcutaneously inoculating Lewis's lung adenocarcinoma(LLC)cells into C57BL/6 mice,which were then divided into four groups:model group,25 ml·kg-1 BJOE group,10 mg·kg-1 PD-1 group,and combination group(25 ml·kg-1 BJOE and 10 mg·kg-1 PD-1).Tumor volume,mass,and inhibition rate were evaluated;the apoptosis within tumor tissue was detected by TUNEL staining;CD4+and CD8+T cell proportions within tumor tissues were analyzed by flow cytometry;the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and granzyme B in tumor tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Additionally,LLC cells were categorized into a control group and three BJOE treatment groups(10,30,50 μl·ml-1),and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression in tumor tissues and LLC cells were assessed by Western blotting.Data showed that as compared with the model group,PD-1 monoclonal antibody alone did not significantly alter tumor volume,tumor mass,CD4+and CD8+T cell proportions,cytokine levels(IFN-γ,TNF-α,Granzyme B),or apoptosis in lung cancer-bearing mice.However,BJOE treatment reduced tumor volume and mass,enhanced CD4+and CD8+T cell proportions,increased cytokine levels,and augmented apoptosis(all P<0.05).Furthermore,the combination therapy of BJOE and PD-1 monoclonal antibody yielded significantly greater reductions in tumor volume and mass,with heightened CD4+and CD8+T cell proportions,cytokine levels,and apoptosis compared to either treatment alone(all P<0.05).Both BJOE treatment and the combination therapy significantly upregulated PD-L1 protein expression in tumor tissues compared to the model or PD-1 monoclonal antibody groups(P<0.05).Similarly,BJOE treatment at all tested concentrations significantly increased PD-L1 protein expression in LLC cells as compared to the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,BJOE could upregulate PD-L1 expression in LLC cells and enhance the sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma-bearing mice to PD-1 monoclonal antibodies.