Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Objective To understand the research status and progress of the application materials of traditional Chinese medicine small splint for the fixation of distal radius fractures and the pressure under splint,provide reference and guidance for further follow-up research.Methods Relevant literature included in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and Pubmed from the establishment of the database to May 30,2023 was searched.CiteSpace software was used for visualization analysis,and the knowledge map of keywords,research institutions and authors was drawn.Results A total of 212 articles were included.The largest number of articles was published in 2014 and 2017,210 articles were published by Chinese people,and 2 articles were published by the Netherlands and Belgium.The top three regions in terms of the number of articles were Guangdong,Jiangsu and Zhejiang.China Journal of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine had the largest number of articles.The research institution Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine published the most papers.The most studied splint materials were"wood splint","paper splint","fir bark","bamboo splint"and"3D printing"."Modified splint","micro-film","tension monitoring","pressure sensing","radial shortening","pad pressure",and"monitoring"were the research hotspots in 2023.Conclusion At present,the most widely used plywood materials are paper,Chinese fir bark and bamboo,and the research heat has not decreased.At present,researchers have made many innovations and improvements to small splints,including adjustable,monitorable,multi-module,and non-invasive.In addition,the application of pressure sensing of micro-films to study the biomechanics of small splint fixation of distal radius fractures is a current research hotspot.In the future,the application of film pressure tester to quantify and intelligent monitor the pressure of splints with different application materials,improved and innovative in different ages and physique should be an important research direction in the future,which is an important step in the transformation of basic research results to clinical practice.

With the decline of fertility rate in society, infertility caused by ovarian aging has become increasingly prominent. At present, a combination of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering technology is the focus of research on improving ovarian aging, which primarily utilizes the cells, the biological scaffolds, and the growth factors to repair or regenerate organs. The preparation of scaffold materials plays a crucial role in this process. A large number of studies have demonstrated that stem cell transplantation or tissue culture in vitro, along with the use of appropriate biological scaffolds, can significantly enhance the survival rates and the functional maintenance time of cells or tissues. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current research on biological scaffolds used for improving ovarian aging, and offers a novel strategy for the treatment of infertility in such patients.

With the decline of fertility rate in society, infertility caused by ovarian aging has become increasingly prominent. At present, a combination of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering technology is the focus of research on improving ovarian aging, which primarily utilizes the cells, the biological scaffolds, and the growth factors to repair or regenerate organs. The preparation of scaffold materials plays a crucial role in this process. A large number of studies have demonstrated that stem cell transplantation or tissue culture in vitro, along with the use of appropriate biological scaffolds, can significantly enhance the survival rates and the functional maintenance time of cells or tissues. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current research on biological scaffolds used for improving ovarian aging, and offers a novel strategy for the treatment of infertility in such patients.

Objective To explore the concentration of serum placental alkaline phosphatase in cervical cancer patients and its potential clinical application value.Methods Fifty-three cervical cancer patients who received treatment in Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics,the First Hospital of Nanchang from January 2023 to February 2024 were selected retrospectively as cervical cancer group,and fifty-three women who underwent physical examination were selected as health control group during the same period.The concentration of serum placental alkaline phosphatase levels and serum total alkaline phosphatase activity between two groups above were detected and compared.Results The level of serum placental alkaline phosphatase of patients in cervical cancer group were higher than that in health control group(t=53.461,P<0.001),and the activity of serum total alkaline phosphatase was lower than that in health control group(t=9.910,P<0.001).Conclusion The elevated levels of serum placental alkaline phosphatase in cervical cancer patients may be related to their condition.

Objective To explore the concentration of serum placental alkaline phosphatase in cervical cancer patients and its potential clinical application value.Methods Fifty-three cervical cancer patients who received treatment in Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics,the First Hospital of Nanchang from January 2023 to February 2024 were selected retrospectively as cervical cancer group,and fifty-three women who underwent physical examination were selected as health control group during the same period.The concentration of serum placental alkaline phosphatase levels and serum total alkaline phosphatase activity between two groups above were detected and compared.Results The level of serum placental alkaline phosphatase of patients in cervical cancer group were higher than that in health control group(t=53.461,P<0.001),and the activity of serum total alkaline phosphatase was lower than that in health control group(t=9.910,P<0.001).Conclusion The elevated levels of serum placental alkaline phosphatase in cervical cancer patients may be related to their condition.

Objective To understand the research status and progress of the application materials of traditional Chinese medicine small splint for the fixation of distal radius fractures and the pressure under splint,provide reference and guidance for further follow-up research.Methods Relevant literature included in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and Pubmed from the establishment of the database to May 30,2023 was searched.CiteSpace software was used for visualization analysis,and the knowledge map of keywords,research institutions and authors was drawn.Results A total of 212 articles were included.The largest number of articles was published in 2014 and 2017,210 articles were published by Chinese people,and 2 articles were published by the Netherlands and Belgium.The top three regions in terms of the number of articles were Guangdong,Jiangsu and Zhejiang.China Journal of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine had the largest number of articles.The research institution Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine published the most papers.The most studied splint materials were"wood splint","paper splint","fir bark","bamboo splint"and"3D printing"."Modified splint","micro-film","tension monitoring","pressure sensing","radial shortening","pad pressure",and"monitoring"were the research hotspots in 2023.Conclusion At present,the most widely used plywood materials are paper,Chinese fir bark and bamboo,and the research heat has not decreased.At present,researchers have made many innovations and improvements to small splints,including adjustable,monitorable,multi-module,and non-invasive.In addition,the application of pressure sensing of micro-films to study the biomechanics of small splint fixation of distal radius fractures is a current research hotspot.In the future,the application of film pressure tester to quantify and intelligent monitor the pressure of splints with different application materials,improved and innovative in different ages and physique should be an important research direction in the future,which is an important step in the transformation of basic research results to clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the diagnostic value of cell-free plasma metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) pathogen identification for severe aplastic anemia (SAA) bloodstream infection.Methods:From February 2021 to February 2022, mNGS and conventional detection methods (blood culture, etc.) were used to detect 33 samples from 29 consecutive AA patients admitted to the Anemia Diagnosis and Treatment Center of the Hematology Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences to assess the diagnostic consistency of mNGS and conventional detection, as well as the impact on clinical treatment benefits and clinical accuracy.Results:①Among the 33 samples evaluated by mNGS and conventional detection methods, 25 cases (75.76%) carried potential pathogenic microorganisms. A total of 72 pathogenic microorganisms were identified from all cases, of which 65 (90.28%) were detected only by mNGS. ②All 33 cases were evaluated for diagnostic consistency, of which 2 cases (6.06%) were Composite, 18 cases (54.55%) were mNGS only, 2 cases (6.06%) were Conventional method only, 1 case (3.03%) was both common compliances (mNGS/Conventional testing) , and 10 cases (30.3%) were completely non-conforming (None) . ③All 33 cases were evaluated for clinical treatment benefit. Among them, 8 cases (24.24%) received Initiation of targeted treatment, 1 case (3.03%) received Treatment de-escalation, 13 cases (39.39%) received Confirmation, and the remaining 11 cases (33.33%) received No clinical benefit. ④ The sensitivity of 80.77%, specificity of 70.00%, positive predictive value of 63.64%, negative predictive value of 84.85%, positive likelihood ratio of 2.692, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.275 distinguished mNGS from conventional detection methods (21/12 vs 5/28, P<0.001) . Conclusion:mNGS can not only contribute to accurately diagnosing bloodstream infection in patients with aplastic anemia, but can also help to guide accurate anti-infection treatment, and the clinical accuracy is high.

Recently, the incidence rate of infertility has been increasing year by year. Lesions of the female reproductive system are the most important causes of infertility, such as premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, recurrent abortion, etc. However, the specific pathogenesis of infertility needs to be further studied. Gene editing is a technical method to change the sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in biological cells, which is an indispensable tool for studying gene function and disease pathogenesis. In this research, we review the recent progress in studying the pathogenesis of female infertility related diseases through gene editing technology, so as to explore a new direction for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of infertility.