Objective:To address the challenges in cultivating young medical researchers, including the lack of initial research funding, insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration, absence of academic exchange platforms, and inadequate talent incentives, this study analyzes the specific practical measures of the new model(Fund-Alliance-Academic activities-Award Model, hereinafter referred to as ″FAAA model″) of A certain medical college in enhancing the innovative capabilities and interdisciplinary research proficiency of young medical talents in initial stage, and evaluates the practical significance of these initiatives.Methods:Through literature review, the inevitability of interdisciplinary integration was examined in the context of China′s developmental needs and medical discipline advancement. Innovative practices under the FAAA model of A certain medical college were retrospectively analyzed, focusing on the construction of a medical youth scientific innovation and development platform.Results:The FAAA model had achieved effective outcomes in improving young researchers′ capabilities, fostering interdisciplinary achievements, expanding academic influence, and advancing talent echelon development, yet required further refinement.Conclusions:The FAAA model effectively addresses critical bottlenecks in the growth of young medical researchers through systematic support mechanisms, significantly enhancing their scientific competitiveness and interdisciplinary innovation capacity. Its practical measures offer referential value for peer institutions. Future efforts should optimize the ″early funding-achievement incubation-national project linkage″ chain, strengthen institutionalized interdisciplinary collaboration, and build a data-driven ecosystem to provide sustainable talent support for medical science and technology innovation.

Under the"Four Specials"conditions(special environments,special tasks,special equipment,and special personnel),complex tightly-coupled human-machine systems exhibit distinct characteristics such as human-in-the-loop,frequent human-machine interactions,and significant mutual influence between humans and machines.These features lead to prominent and typical human related safety issues.Through aggregating knowledge from literature review,accident case studies,and engineering practice,this paper elaborates on the characteristics of complex tightly-coupled human-machine systems,clarifies the definition of human related safety(including its research subjects,topics,and methods),and provides a systematic analysis framework on the causes of human related safety from a whole life-cycle perspective of system development.Furthermore,theoretical hypotheses are proposed for human related safety,along with its fundamental scientific research questions and methods.

Objective Accurate speed perception is crucial for tasks such as man-controlled rendezvous and docking,and teleoperation of space manipulator.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct in-orbit experiments to explore the influence of long-term spaceflight on human speed perception characteristics.Methods The Time-to-Collision(TTC)paradigm was selected to develop experimental software,using a tablet computer for stimulus presentation.Human speed perception characteristics were evaluated based on the subjects'keystroke response data on the keyboard.Through ground-based experiments,the usability and reliability of the paradigm were explored,and the gravity internal model effect was quantitatively analyzed.Through in-orbit experiments on space station tasks,the influence of long-term spaceflight on human speed perception characteristics was further investigated.Results Under the 1G environment on the ground,the TTC paradigm has a high test-retest reliability(r>0.8),and indicators such as average deviation rate and absolute value of average deviation rate show no practice effect.In addition,ground experiments found that compared to vertical upward movement,vertical downward movement is estimated to be faster(i.e.,keystroke time is advanced),showing the existence of the gravity internal model effect.In the microgravity environment of spaceflight,there are no significant differences in average deviation rate and absolute value of average deviation rate among three stages(pre-flight,in-flight,post-flight)and seven tests,indicating that no obvious changes in astronauts'speed perception ability were found at the existing test time points and paradigms.However,the gravity internal model effect(difference between vertical downward and vertical upward)showed a trend of fading in the early stage of astronauts entering orbit.Conclusion Based on the computer screen TTC estimation paradigm,no significant changes in human speed perception ability were found during long-term spaceflight,but microgravity may weaken the human brain's gravity internal model.

This paper presents a case of interstitial lung disease(ILD)during anti-tumor therapy in an elderly breast cancer patient,along with the subsequent glucocorticoid treatment course.Based on the patient's symptoms,signs and comprehensive evaluation of laboratory and imaging findings,and review of relevant literature,the ILD was suspected to be associated with abemaciclib.The causal relationship was determined as highly likely,according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events,the severity of the ILD was evaluated as grade 2.The abemaciclib were discontinued and glucocorticoids were administered for anti-inflammation,supplemented with rabeprazole for gastric protection.During the treatment,disease recurrence occurred,which was considered related to overly rapid tapering of glucocorticoid dosage,prompting subsequent dose adjustment and slow reduction of glucocorticoids.Follow-up showed that the patient's ILD had improved.Clinical pharmacists assisted physicians in the differential diagnosis of adverse drug reactions and provided pharmaceutical care,participated in adjusting treatment plans,delivered medication education to patients,and ensured the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy.

Objective To investigate the rehabilitation efficacy of Beckman oral-motor training combined with auditory integration training(AIT)in children with language development delay.Methods A total of 118 children diagnosed with language development delay were enrolled in this study,and randomly assigned to auditory training group or combined training group,with 59 cases in each group.Children in the auditory training group received AIT,while those in the combined train-ing group underwent Beckman oral-motor training combined with AIT.The clinical efficacy,intellec-tual development,language ability,oral motor function,articulation ability,and serum neurotrophic factor levels of the two groups were observed and compared.Results After treatment,the overall ef-fective rate in the combined training group was 93.22％(55/59),which was significantly higher than 79.66％(47/59)in the auditory training group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).Following treatment,the scores of intellectual development,language ability,oral motor function,and articulation ability,as well as the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and nerve growth factor(NGF)in both groups were elevated compared to the pre-treatment levels.Moreover,these parameters in the combined training group were superior to those in the audi-tory training group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Beck-man oral-motor training combined with AIT can enhance the rehabilitation outcome in children with language development delay,improving their speech function,intellectual development,oral motor function,articulation ability,and serum neurotrophic factor levels.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using the cell-free DNA(cfDNA)carrying tissue-specific mutations as biomarkers for assessing the severity of exercise-induced tissue injury.Methods Based on a public gene expression database,ten tissue-specific and highly-expressed genes were selected for each of ten different human tissues.A total of 34 young healthy volunteers were recruited,and their peripheral blood samples were collected after running 5 km per day for one week.Genomic DNA from leukocytes,plasma exosomal RNA,and plasma cfDNA were extracted and subjected to high-throughput sequencing respectively.Tissue-specific somatic mutations in plasma exosomal RNA were identified,and the relationship between cfDNA carrying these mutations and traditional protein biomarkers was analyzed.Results Tissue-specific cfDNA mutations related to five tissues(myocardium,skeletal muscle,intestine,stomach,and kidney)were detected in more than five volunteers.The correlation coefficients between total plasma cfDNA levels and the levels of tissue-specific protein biomarkers associated with these five tissues were less than 0.3(n=34,r=-0.51-0.28,P=0.0022-0.65).Notably,for each specific tissue,the levels of tissue-specific cfDNA mutations were positively correlated with the corresponding protein biomarker levels,and correlation coefficients were over 0.8(n=7-13,r=0.81-0.92,P=9.0×10-4-0.020).Conclusion Tissue-specific cfDNA mutations may serve as novel potential biomarkers for non-invasive evaluation of exercise-related tissue injury.

A 71-year-old man with undifferentiated sarcoma was treated with palliative first-line regimen(epirubicin,anlotinib and penpulimab)for 6 cycles and maintained with anlotinib and penpulimab for 30 cycles.He was admitted to the hospital due to chest pain 25 months after the first treatment.The laboratory examination showed cardiac troponin T 1.26 ng·mL-1,N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide 8,545 pg·mL-1,coronary computed tomography angiography(CTA)showed non-calcified plaque in the left proximal anterior descending branch,severe lumen stenosis,nearly complete occlusion.Emergency CTA was performed on the same day,showing 50％stenosis of the distal left main coronary artery(LMCA);95％stenosis of the left anterior descending(LAD)branch ostium,the LAD branch was medium-sized and showed no stenosis;50％stenosis of the left circumflex branch(LCx),and a cardiac stent was implanted into the LAD branch.The patient has recovered after coronary artery stent implantation.Naranjo's Assessment Scale was used to evaluate the association of suspected drugs,the acute myocardial infarction of this patient was likely associated with the combination of penpulimab and anlotinib.Myocardial infarction is a rare but severe adverse drug reaction of anti-tumor treatment.This article summarizes the related risks and treatment measures to provide a reference for clinical medication safety.

Objective To explore prognostic factors of patients with distant metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma(DMHCC)and construct a survival prognosis nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival(CSS)for DMHCC patients.Methods A total of 619 patients from the SEER database(2000-2018)were included after strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.They were randomly divided into two groups at a ratio of 7∶3,among which there were 433 cases in the training set and 186 cases in the validation set.Cox regression analysis was used to screen out the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with DMHCC,and a nomogram was constructed.The predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined by concordance index(C-index),receiver operating characteristic(ROC)and calibration curves.The clinical net benefit of the nomogram was assessed using decision curve analysis(DCA).Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Log-rank tests were performed for examining survival differences between high and low-risk groups.Results Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor size,degree of tumor differentiation,T stage,whether or not surgery,chemotherapy or radiotherapy were independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of DMHCC patients.The nomogram,based on these factors,demonstrated good predictive performance in the training set with a C-index of 0.720(95％ CI:0.693-0.747),and area under the ROC curve at1,2,and3 years was 0.790,0.778,and 0.795,respectively.In the validation set,the C-index was 0.673(95％ CI:0.626-0.720),and area under the ROC curve at 1,2,and 3 years was 0.741,0.782,and 0.824,respectively.Risk stratification was performed with the nomogram.Kaplan-Meier survival curve indicated that for both training and validation sets,low-risk group had a significantly better prognosis than high-risk group.Conclusion This prediction model exhibits good predictive efficacy,providing valuable support for clinical decision-making and personalized treatment strategies in DMHCC patients.

Objective:To predict very early recurrence after radical resection in patients with pancreatic head cancer by combining preoperative enhanced CT imaging findings and clinicopathological features.Methods:The clinicopathological and preoperative enhanced CT imaging features of 241 patients who underwent radical pancreaticoduodenectomy at Peking University Third Hospital from Jan 2010 to Dec 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Results:Using recurrence within 3 months after surgery as the definition for very early recurrence, 49 out of 241 patients experienced very early recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative BMI<18.5 kg/m2( P=0.040), rim enhancement( P=0.028), lymphovascular invasion( P<0.001), and poor tumor differentiation ( P=0.013) were independent risk factors for very early recurrence. Conclusion:Enhanced CT imaging features combined with clinicopathological characteristics can predict very early recurrence after resection of pancreatic head cancer.

Objective To explore the international research hotspots and trends in remote ischemic conditioning(RIC).Methods The literature on RIC research from January 1,2000 to December 12,2024 in the core collection of Web of Science database were retrieved.Microsoft Excel,CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for bibliometric and visual analysis of the retrieved literature,including the number of literature published per year,countries,institutions,journals,authors,cited references,keywords and burst keywords.Results(1)The relevant literature on RIC from January 1,2000 to December 12,2024 was published in 456 journals by 6 688 authors from 1 597 institutions in 59 countries,and 32 064 citations from 3 860 journals were cited.The number of RIC relevant literature published in the past decade was high,and the number of literature published in 2017 was the highest,with 145 papers.(2)The country with the largest number of publications was China(448 papers),followed by the United States(240 papers).The institution with the largest number of publications was Capital Medical University of China(103 papers),followed by Aarhus University in Denmark(63 papers).The top three journals that published relevant literature were Plos One(37 papers),Basic Research in Cardiology(32 papers)and Journal of Surgical Research(26 papers).The top three authors who published relevant literature were Ji Xunming(60 papers),Heusch G(30 papers)and Ren Changhong(29 papers).(3)The most cited article among cited references was Preconditioning with ischemia:a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium(414 times).The total number of co-citation journals was 3 860 and the most frequent co-citation journal was Circulation(3 933 times).(4)A total of 4 089 keywords were extracted,and the top three keywords were"reperfusion injury""remote ischemic preconditioning"and"cardioprotection".The top three strength of burst keywords were"remote ischemic conditioning""ischemic stroke"and"thrombolysis".In the past five years,the burst keywords with high strength were"thrombolysis""international clinical recommendations""safety""ischemic stroke""recovery"and"efficacy".Conclusions In the past decade,RIC related literature has maintained a high number of publications.There is close cooperation among countries,institutions and scholars.Capital Medical University of China plays an important role in international RIC related research.RIC related research mainly focuses on the mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion protection,cardioprotection and ischemic stroke.The clinical application,efficacy and safety of RIC in ischemic stroke have become trends and hotspots in international RIC researches.