Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Objective:To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of Shenyan 1 Prescription on renal fibrosis of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats through TGF- β 1/Smad homologous 3 (Smad3) pathway regulating ferroptosis.Methods:Totally 48 male SD rats were divided into four groups: sham-operation group, UUO model group, and Shenyan 1 Prescription low-(10 drug/kg) , and high-dosage (20 crude drug/kg) groups according to random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. The UUO model was induced by the method of unilateral ureteral obstruction except for those sham-operation group. After modeling, rats received corresponding drugs or normal saline by gavage for 4 weeks, once per day. After 4 weeks, the body mass and the left kidney weight were measured. The 24 h urine protein and the levels of serum albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were detected by biochemical analysis method; the ROS level in renal tissue was measured using a chemical fluorescence assay kit, and the SOD and MDA levels in left renal tissue of rats were measured using ELISA method; the morphology of renal tissue and the specific blue staining of hemosiderin were observed using HE and Prussian blue staining methods, respectively; the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Smad3, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the model group, the 24 h urinary protein excretion in Shenyan 1 Prescription high-dosage group decreased ( P<0.05), the serum ALB level increased ( P<0.05), the ALT level decreased ( P<0.05), and the expression of SLC1A5 in renal tissue decreased ( P<0.05); the left kidney weight/body decreased in Shenyan 1 Prescription low- and high-dosage groups ( P<0.05); the levels of serum ROS and MDA decreased ( P<0.05), and the activity of SOD significantly increased ( P<0.05); the expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad3 in renal tissue decreased ( P<0.05), and the expression of GPX4 increased ( P<0.05), and the renal pathological injury and ion deposition were improved. Conclusion:Shenyan 1 Prescription has a protective effect on the structure and function of renal tissues in UUO rats through regulating ferroptosis via inhibition of the TGF-β1/ Smad3 pathway to inhibit renal fibrosis of UUO rats.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical curative effect of self-made Lishi Qufeng Juanbi Decoction combined with Febuxostat tablet on uric acid nephropathy (UAN).Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 150 patients with UAN in Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were enrolled as the observation objects between October 2019 to October 2021. According to random number table method, they were divided into two groups, 75 in each group. The control group was treated with Febuxostat tablets on basis of routine diet intervention, while the observation group was treated with self-made Lishi Qufeng Juanbi Decoction on basis of control group. All were continuously treated for 6 months. TCM syndromes were scored before and after treatment. The levels of serum uric acid (SUA) and creatinine (SCr) were detected by full-automatic biochemical analyzer, and levels of serum CRP, IL-6 and IL-8 were detected by ELISA. The 24h urine was collected to detect 24 h urine protein quantitation. The adverse events were recorded, and clinical curative effect was evaluated.Results:There were significant differences in total response rate between observation group and control group [93.33% (70/75) vs. 80.00% (60/75); χ2=5.77, P=0.016]. After treatment, scores of waist soreness-fatigue and frequent nocturia in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=9.17, 2.67, P<0.01), and frequency of joint swelling pain was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=9.49, P<0.01). The levels of serum SUA and SCr, and 24 h urine protein quantitation in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=3.38, 2.49, 12.55, P<0.01 or P<0.05), and levels of CRP, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=5.44, 4.15, 9.61, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between observation group and control group [4.00% (3/75) vs. 10.67% (8/75); χ2=2.45, P=0.117]. Conclusion:The self-made Lishi Qufeng Juanbi Decoction combined with Febuxostat tablets can promote uric acid metabolism, improve high uric acid environment, protect renal function, inhibit the release of inflammatory factors, improve curative effect and reduce adverse reactions in UAN patients.

This article aimed to explore the theoretical connotation and mechanism of clearing damp-heat method in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD), provide theoretical support for clearing damp-heat method in the treatment of chronic kidney disease, and further explain the modern scientific connotation of "damp-heat impairing kidney". Modern Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) believes that damp-heat is an important pathogenesis of kidney damage. Clearing damp-heat method plays a key role in inhibiting CKD immune inflammatory response, improving oxidative stress and antagonizing renal fibrosis. The mechanism is mainly related to the regulation of TNF-α level, blocking NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibiting inflammatory cytokines, antagonizing TGF-β1 secretion and other pathways.

OBJECTIVE： To provide refe rence for improving the performance of drug supply chain and sustainable development of the pharmaceutical industry in China . METHODS ：By collecting literatures and combining with the characteristics of drug supply chain ，the questionnaire was designed with Likert 5 scale. After the questionnaire was tested and modified by 10 experts，a preliminary index system framework was formed. The formal questionnaire was prepared by the questionnaire test method；37 experts were consulted by Delphi method ，the index weight was determined by AHP method ，and the index reliability was tested by statistical analysis method ；finally，a pharmaceutical enterprise was taken as an example to measure the index system. RESULTS ：The positive coefficient of the first round of expert consultation was 100％，and that of the second round was 94.59％；average degree of authority of experts was 0.832 6；expert coordination coefficient of the first round was 0.218 2，and that of the second round was 0.396 5. The green supply chain performance indicator system of the pharmaceutical industry included 6 first-level indicators and 26 second-level indicators ，such as drug greenness ，green marketing ，operation process ，drug quality ， drug safety and drug economy. The consistency ratio of the first-level indexes and all second-level indexes were all less than 0.1， the overall Cronbach ’s α coefficient of the index system was 0.892 1. The measured results of a pharmaceutical enterprise showed that the highest score of the pharmaceutical enterprise was the “drug quality ”index，with an absolute score of 3.962 7；the lowest score was the “drug greenness ”index，with an absolute score of 2.297 9. The green supply chain performance evaluation score was 3.167 8，which was at a medium level. CONCLUSIONS ：The established index system has good reliability and validity ，and is expected to provide reference for the performance evaluation of green supply chain in China ’s pharmaceutical industry.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Solanum tuberdsm. METHODS:The microscopic characteristics were detected;TLC was used for qualitative identification;moisture,ash,heavy metals and the amount of extract were deter-mined;HPLC was conducted for content determination of oxidized cyanidin:the column was Alltima C18 with mobile phase of ace-tonitrile-0.1% trifluoroacetic acid(80∶20,V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 538 nm,column tempera-ture was 30℃. RESULTS:It showed clear microscopic identification map. S. tuberdsm TLC had clear spots and well separated. The water content was 8.5%-11.0%;total ash was 2.0%-2.9%;Pb was lower than 5 ppm and alcohol-soluble extracts was 15.6%-22.3%. The linear range of oxidized cyanidin was 0.043-0.215 μg(r=0.999 8);RSDs of precision,stability and reproduc-ibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recovery was 95.50%-99.65%(RSD=1.35%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The established method can be used for the quality control of S. tuberdsm.

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii ,and to investigate the changing pattern of antimicrobial resistance of these strains isolated during 2012 - 2014 .Methods Strains of Pseud‐omonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from January 2012 to December 2014 were collected .Antimicrobial suscep‐tibility of clinical isolates was tested by Kirby‐Bauer method .Results In the past three years ,214 strains of Pseudomonas aerugino‐sa and 347 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated .The nosocomial infection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased year by year ,while the Acinetobacter baumannii ′s increased .Most strains were isolated from sputum ,wound secretion and urine . The strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were distributed in various departments of the hospital .The detection rates of these strains were the highest in ICU ,respectively 27 .6% and 34 .9% .Both the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime ,imipenem ,Amikacin and Acinetobacter baumannii to Piperacillin/Tazobactam and imipenem had in‐creased ,while the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to polymyxin B had decreased with each passing year .Conclusion Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii causes severe nosocomial infections and the antimicrobial resistance rates in‐creased ,especially the resistance rates to carbapenem are becoming more higher in recent years .Acinetobacter baumannii shows strong antibacterial activity in vitro to Polymyxin B .Therefore ,antimicrobial resistance surveillance should be strengthened to direct rational use of antibiotics .

Objective To discuss the clinical aesthetic effect of vermilion repair on cleft lips after using double-line reconstruction.Methods 68 children with cleft lip were repaired according to the principle of double-line reconstruction,and two contents including 7 projects,such as shapes of upper lips,vermilion borders of lips,vermilion shapes and lips,etc,were evaluated comprehensively within one month after operation for assessing the postoperative effect.Results 68 cases were followed up,with the follow-up rate of 100％,and 62 cases (91.2％) were satisfied with the vermilion repair.Six cases (8.8％) had a common effect of vermilion shapes after repair.In the 7 contents evaluated,satisfactory results were achieved in the projects except the relatively poor symmetry vermilion borders of lips.Conclusions The double-line reconstruction helps to improve the aesthetic effect of vermilion repair on cleft lips.

Theory of Shen-Xu Pang-Guang-Re (SXPGR) is an important part of the theory of zang-fu in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). And it is the generalization for etiology and pathogenesis of Lin-Zheng (LZ). In immunology, mucosal immune system is composed of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues and immune cells, which can resist the invasion of microorganisms. Mucosal immune plays an important role in the occurrence of urinary tract infection. This paper, which was based on SIgA and homing mechanism, was to investigate the relevance between mucosal immunity and the theory of SXPGR, in order to study the connotation of SXPGR in TCM.