OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) and its prognostic value in endometrial carcinoma (EC).

METHODSThe expression of PGK1 was detected immunohistochemically in 30 normal endometrium and 130 EC specimens. The relationship between PGK1 protein expression and the clinicopathological features of the patients was evaluated.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical analysis revealed low PGK1 expression in 55.4% (72/130) and high PGK1 expression in 44.6% (58/130) of the EC specimens, as compared with the rates of 90% (27/30) and 10% (3/30) in normal endometrium, respectively (P<0.001). PGK1 expression was significantly correlated with FIGO stage (P<0.001), histological grade (P=0.002) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with a high PGK1 expression had a shorter overall survival rate than those with a low PGK1 expression (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that a high PGK1 expression was not the independent predictor of the prognosis of EC (P=0.077).

CONCLUSIONA high expression of PGK1 is associated with aggressive and metastatic behaviors of EC, and detection of PGK1 provides assistance in evaluating the prognosis of patients with EC.

To characterize long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) and viremia controllers (VCs), infected with HIV-1 through contaminated blood donation or transfusion between 1992 and 1996 in Henan, China. LTNPs and VCs were defined by CD4+T lymphocyte (CD4) count and viral load (VL). Of 29,294 patients infected with HIV-1 via contaminated blood donation or transfusion that had conducted for more than 20 years, 92 were LTNPs/VCs. There were 70 LTNPs (0.24%), 43 VCs (0.15%), and 48 LTNPs+VCs- (0.16%). VCs had a significantly lower CD4 nadir, compared to LTNPs and LTNPs+VCs-, and no significant differences for the highest VL and HIV-1 DNA. Cases P4 and P5 were LTNPs, while their VL reached approximately 4.3 log copies/mL. P6 was a VC, but with CD4 < 500 cells/μL constantly. Data from the LTNPs/VCs cohort provided valuable information, future research is needed.

The chemical constituents of the water extraction of the aerial parts of Isodon excisoides were investigated by various chromatographic methods including D-101 macroporous adsorptive resins, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI and semi-preparative HPLC. As a result, six compounds were separated and purified.By analyses of the HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, their structures were determined as 3-O-β-D-allopyranosyl-1-octen-3-ol(1), blumenolA (2), lumichrome (3), loliolide(4), cirsiliol(5) and pedalitin(6). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2-4 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the expression of MAP2K4 and vimentin in human endometrial carcinoma (EC) and their association with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of the patients.

METHODSMAP2K4 and vimentin expressions were detected immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 128 patients with EC, and the correlation of MAP2K4 and vimentin expressions with the clinicopathological factors of the patients was analyzed.

RESULTSMAP2K4 and vimentin proteins were positively expressed in 49 (38.3%) and 83 (64.8%) of the patients, respectively. A positive expression of MAP2K4 was negatively correlated with FIGO stage of the tumor (P=0.010) and lymph node status (P=0.016); a positive expression of vimentin was positively correlated with FIGO stage of the tumor (P=0.025), histological grades (P=0.017), depth of myometrial invasion (P=0.044) and lymph node status (P=0.032). MAP2K4 was inversely associated with vimentin expression in EC(r=-0.598, P<0.001). Patients positive for MAP2K4 tended to have a higher overall survival rate (P=0.002), and those positive for vimentin tended to have a lower overall survival rate (P=0.007); patients positive for MAP2K4 but negative for vimentin had the longest survival time, while those negative for MAP2K4 and positive for vimentin had lowest survival rate (P=0.004).

CONCLUSIONDetection of MAP2K4 and vimentin might help in early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of patients with EC.

Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study in vitro sperm damage caused by trichloroethylene in male rats.

METHODSSperms of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were collected 4 hours after being contaminated by trichloroethylene of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mmol/L in vitro. Giemsa staining was performed to observe the morphological changes of sperms, and flow cytometer was used to detect the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential.

RESULTSThe sperm motilities in 6, 8, and 10 mmol/L trichloroethylene groups decreased significantly compared with that in control group (P <0.01); the sperm aberration rates in 8 and 10 mmol/L trichloroethylene groups were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01). With the increase in exposure dose, the proportion of sperms with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential increased, and there were significant differences in sperm apoptosis rate between the 4, 6, 8, and 10 mmol/L trichloroethylene groups and control group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONIn vitro exposure to trichloroethylene can reduce sperm motility and increase the aberration rate and apoptosis rate of sperms in male SD rats.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Male ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; cytology ; drug effects ; Trichloroethylene ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo isolate and identify pathogen of the seedling blight occurred in Platycodon grandiflorum.

METHODThe morphological observation, rDNA ITS sequence analysis, and Koch's postulates were used to identify the isolates of the causal agent.

RESULTThe isolates of the causal agent was Rhizoctonia solani.

CONCLUSIONThe result confirmed that R. solani is the pathogen of seedling blight of P. grandiflorum.

Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; Platycodon ; microbiology ; Rhizoctonia ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Seedlings ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in Henan province in 2012.

METHODSA total of 32 203 permanent residents (1 to 74 years old) in Henan were recruited using multi-stage random samping method from March to June 2012. All participants were asked to complete a questionnaire to collect demographic information, past medical history and the exposure history of risk factors. A blood sample of 5 ml was collected at the same time. The condition of anti-HCV and HCV RNA was determined through the ELISA test and nested RT-PCR. HCV RNA positive samples were further subject to the nonstructural protein 5 region (NS5B) gene amplification and sequencing. The sequence was amplified for the phylogenetic tree and genetic analysis. The differences of the positive rate of anti-HCV and HCV RNA and the HCV genetic subtype distribution in different respondents'characteristics were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong 32 203 subjects, the overall positive rate of anti-HCV and HCV RNA were 0.48% (153/32 203) and 0.24% (78/32 203), in which men were 0.42% (65/15 634), and 0.23% (36/15 634), and women were 0.53% (88/16 569) and 0.25% (42/16 596). The differences between men and women were not statistically significant (χ(2) values were 2.26, 0.18, respectively, both P values > 0.05). The results of NS5B genotyping and molecular evolution analysis showed that there were six subtypes in the 71 HCV RNA positive samples.In those six subtypes, the proportion of genotypes 1b, 6a, 3a, 2a, 3b and 1a were 56.3% (40/71), 19.7% (14/71), 11.3% (8/71), 8.5% (6/71), 2.8% (2/71) and 1.4% (1/71), respectively. The HCV genetic subtypes of infestor were mainly present with two branches of 1b and 6a, and the two subtypes Bootstrap values were 0.95.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of HCV infection was high in Henan. The major HCV genotypes in patients with HCV infection were 1b and 6a.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; classification ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Young Adult

Objective To understand the prevalence of drug resistance in AIDS patients who had been receiving HAART in a long run,in Shenqiu county,Henan province.Methods This crosssectional study included 120 HIV infected patients who began receiving ART (antiretroviral therapy) in 2003.Viral loads and CD4 +T cells counts were measured,and In-house drug resistance test was performed in VL ＞ 1000 copies/ml patients.Results 114 cases out of 120 patients had complete viral load data.Among them,33 cases having viral loads less than 50 copies/ml,and the remaining viral loads showed an average of lg (4.09 ± 1.10) copies/ml.The average of CD4+ T cell counts was (377 ±2 1 8) cells/ml,with 64 (53.3％) cases showing their CD4+ T cell counts higher than 350 cells/ml.In 67 patients,58 of them showed genotypic resistance,and 40 cases showed reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) resistance.The ratios of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) resistance were 53.4％ (31/58) and 67.2％ (39/58),respectively.There were no differences of drug resistance ratio in the three treatment programs.The highest drug resistance rates in NRTIs and NNRTIs were zidovudine,lamivudin,nevirapine.However,protease inhibitors (PIs) resistance variants were not found.Conclusion The prevalence of drug-resistant strains seemed to be high in Shenqiu country,Henan province.Long-term follow-up monitoring strategy should be developed to optimize the timely treatment programs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; transmission ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of primary HIV drug resistance in antiretroviral therapy (ART) areas of Henan province.

METHODSA total of 121 drug-naive long-term infected individuals and 154 patients with newly diagnosed from January 2011 to March 2012 were recruited, the questionnaires were surveyed and whole blood were collected to analyze the CD4(+)T cell counts and viral load. In-house method for genotypic resistance test was determined in those with viral load > 1000 copies/ml samples, the differences of demographic characteristics, immunological parameters and primary drug resistance were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSA total of 121 cases of long-term individuals who had infected (12.50 ± 3.21) years were mainly previous paid blood donors, and the age was (46.61 ± 9.32) years old. The infection route of the newly diagnosed were diversity, including blood, sexual transmission and others, the cases were 73, 73, 8, respectively, the confirmatory year was (0.91 ± 0.28) years, and average age was (22.21 ± 3.11) years old. The difference were statistically significant in the route of transmission, age and infection time from demographic analysis of the two groups (P < 0.05). The absolute M(P(25)-P(75)) counts of CD4(+)T lymphocytes of long-term group was 322 (217 - 422) cell/µl, which was lower than the newly diagnosed was 434(308 - 578) cell/µl (P < 0.05), and viral load was 4.0 (2.96 - 4.64) copies/ml, 3.77 (2.94 - 4.53) copies/ml, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). The prevalence of primary drug resistance in long-term group and newly diagnosed was 5.79% (7/121), 9.09% (14/154), respectively, and the difference was statistically different (P < 0.05), and one PI-resistant strain was found in the newly diagnosed group.

CONCLUSIONThe primary drug resistant strains in untreated patients were found in Henan province of ART areas, and there was difference in degree of resistance between long-term infected individuals and newly diagnosed.

Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Viral Load