Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of Yiqi Huatan Tongluo Prescription(mainly composed of Fici Simplicissimae Radix,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum,Poria,Nelumbinis Folium,and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,etc.)combined with drug-coated balloon(DCB)in the treatment of coronary heart disease(CHD)and to observe its effect on low-shear related serological indicators.Methods A total of 106 patients with CHD of qi deficiency and phlegm stasis obstructing collateral type who were scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 53 cases in each group.The control group was treated with drug-eluting stent implantation,and the treatment group was treated with DCB.After the operation,the control group was given conventional antiplatelet aggregation drugs,and the treatment group was given oral administration of Yiqi Huatan Tongluo Prescription.The medication for the two groups lasted for 12 weeks.The changes in the serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1),interleukin 1 β(IL-1β)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Moreover,the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome efficacy after treatment and the incidence of adverse events one year after operation were compared between the two groups.Results(1)After 12 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate for TCM syndrome efficacy of the treatment group was 88.68％(47/53),and that of the control group was 75.47％(40/53).The intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the TCM syndrome efficacy in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(2)The analysis of indicators related to endothelial dysfunction in the blood flow with low shear stress showed that after treatment,the levels of serum MCP-1,IL-1βand VEGF in the control group presented no obvious changes(P＞0.05),but the serum levels of MCP-1 and IL-1β in the treatment group were significantly lowered compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of serum MCP-1,IL-1β and VEGF levels in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(3)The one-year follow-up after the operation showed that the total incidence of adverse events in the treatment group was 18.87％(10/53),and that in the control group was 20.75％(11/53).There was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Yiqi Huatan Tongluo Prescription combined with DCB has definite action on the targets related to endothelial dysfunction in coronary blood flow with low shear stress,which is conducive to reducing inflammatory response,improving the symptoms of angina pectoris and enhancing clinical efficacy.The incidence of adverse events did not increase one year after operation,indicating good safety and effectiveness.

Objective To study the effect of vitexin inhibiting Ras homology C(RhoC)/Rho-associated kinase(ROCK)signaling on lung inflammation and airway remodeling in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods SD rats were divided into control group,model group(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model),experimental-L group(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model,1.5 mg·kg-1 vitexin treatment),experimental-M group(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model,3.0 mg·kg-1 vitexin treatment),experimental-H group(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model,6.0 mg·kg-1 vitexin treatment),experimental-H+LPA group(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mode,6.0 mg·kg-1 vitexin,lysophosphatidic acid 1 mg treatment),Western blot detection of RhoC protein expression,detection of pulmonary function indexes in rats,hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe lung histopathology,and evaluation of airway inflammation in rats score,airway smooth muscle thickness,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to detect interleukin-6(IL-6)content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,immunohistochemistry to detect basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)in lung tissue.Results The expression levels of RhoC protein in the control group,model group,experimental-H group,and experimental-H+LPA group were 0.25±0.02,0.71±0.09,0.31±0.03,0.47±0.04;forced vital capacity(FVC)were(8.25±0.62),(4.12±0.24),(7.21±0.54),(6.44±0.52)mL;inflammation score were 0.52±0.04,2.54±0.15,1.23±0.11,1.79±0.32;smooth muscle thickness were(19.28±1.52),(28.43±1.74),(19.45±1.18),(25.85±1.57)μm;IL-6 content were(2.40±0.08),(5.67±0.44),(2.85±0.23),(4.01±0.29)ng·L-1;bFGF protein expression were 0.19±0.02,0.52±0.05,0.24±0.02,0.43±0.05.There were statistically significant differences in the above indicators between the model group and the control group,between the experimental-H group and the model group,and between the experimental-H+LPA group and the experimental-H group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Vitexin inhibits RhoC/Rock signaling to improve lung inflammation and airway remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rats.

Since the end of 2019,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection has swept the world,bringing great harm to human society and significantly increasing the health burden.Due to stron-ger infectivity,faster transmission,and higher reinfection rate of the Omicron variant,it has now replaced the Delta variant as the main epidemic strain for both imported and local outbreaks in China.Chinese Diagnosis and treatment protocol for SARS-CoV-2 infection(10th trial version)emphasizes"strengthening the protection of key popula-tions,"which includes the increasing number of immunocompromised population.These people have a high inci-dence of severe diseases and a high fatality rate after infected with SARS-CoV-2,and belong to the high-risk popula-tions of severe or critical diseases.Moreover,due to underlying diseases,these people take immunosuppressants and other related drugs chronically.The interactions between anti-SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment drugs and origi-nal drugs are complicated,thus bring significant challenges to the treatment after the SARS-CoV-2 infection.Cur-rently,there is a lack of guidelines or consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection among im-munocompromised population.Therefore,the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health and National Center for Respiratory Medicine organized experts from multiple disciplines(respiratory and critical care medicine,organ transplantation,rheumatology and immunology,hematology,infection,critical care medicine,etc.)in China.Af-ter multiple rounds of discussions,13 items of recommendations are made as the reference for peers based on evi-dence-based medical evidence,so as to provide a theoretical and practical reference for the diagnosis and treatment strategies of this population.

Objective To evaluate the effects of early exercise intervention in patients who have undergone primary isolated valve surgery. Methods Forty patients scheduled for mitral, aortic, and/or tricuspid valve surgery were allocated to receive a supervised exercise intervention consisting of cycling for 3 min/d at the bedside after operation (intervention group, n=20, mean age [49.05±3.728] years) or to receive no exercise intervention (control group, n=20, mean age [47.95 ± 3.214] years). Oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured by pulse oximetry continuously before and after the 6-minute walk test. Psycho-educational counseling was provided, and patients were assessed using standard patient questionnaires. Results The arterial SpO2 level increased significantly in the intervention group after exercise compared with the control group (P<0.05). Heart rate returned to baseline in the intervention group postoperatively and was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions A small amount of supervised cycling exercise at the bedside is a safe activity that may improve peripheral arterial SpO2 and reduce heart rate to the baseline level following longer distance walk before discharge in patients who have undergone isolated valve surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of consolidation chemotherapy combined with allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell infusion in the treatment of low or intermediate-risk (LIR) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) . Methods: A cohort of 23 LIR AML patients at hematologic complete remission (CR) received NK cell transfusion combined with consolidation chemotherapy after 3 consolidation courses from January 2014 to June 2019 were reviewed. Control group cases were concurrent patients from Department of Hematology, and their gender, age, diagnosis, risk stratification of prognosis, CR and the number of courses of consolidate chemotherapy before NK cell transfusion were matched with LIR AML patients. Results: A total of 45 times of NK cells were injected into 23 LIR AML patients during 4 to 7 courses of chemotherapy. The median NK cell infusion quantity was 7.5 (6.6-8.6) ×10(9)/L, and the median survival rate of NK cells was 95.4% (93.9%-96.9%) . Among them, the median CD3(-)CD56(+) cell number was 5.0 (1.4-6.4) ×10(9)/L, accounting for 76.8% (30.8%-82.9%) ; The number of CD3(+) CD56(+) cells was 0.55 (0.24-1.74) ×10(9)/L, accounting for 8.8% (4.9%-20.9%) . Before NK cell infusion, the number of patients with positive MRD in the treatment and control groups were 9/23 (39.1%) and 19/46 (41.3%) (χ(2)=0.030, P=0.862) respectively. After NK infusion, There was no significant difference in terms of MRD that went from negative to positive between the treatment and the control groups (14.3% vs 22.2%, χ(2)=0.037, P=0.847) . In the treatment group, 66.7% (6/9) of the MRD were converted from positive to negative, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (10.5%, 2/19) (χ(2)=6.811, P=0.009) . Morphological recurrence occurred in 1 case of MRD negative in the treatment group and 2 cases of MRD positive in the control group. By the end of follow-up, the median follow-up was 35 (10-59) months, the number of patients with morphological recurrence in the treatment group was 30.4% (7/23) , which was significantly lower than that in the control group (50.2%, 24/46) (χ(2)=2.929, P=0.087) , although there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference on MRD-negative between the treatment and the control groups (43.5% vs 43.5%, χ(2)=1.045, P=0.307) . The 3-year leukemia-free survival was better in the treatment group [ (65.1±11.1) %] than that in the control group [ (50.0±7.4) %] (P=0.047) . The 3-year overall survival in the treatment and control groups were (78.1±10.2) % and (65.8±8.0) % (P=0.212) , respectively. Conclusion: The consolidation of chemotherapy combined with allogeneic NK cell infusion contributed to the further remission of patients with LMR AML and the reduction of long-term recurrence.
Consolidation Chemotherapy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy* ; Prognosis ; Remission Induction

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) on erectile function and cavernous structure in rats with cavernous nerve injury (CNI).

METHODSSixty adult male SD rats with normal sexual function were randomly divided into four groups of equal number: sham operation, bilateral CNI (BCNI) model control, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and USC. The BCNI model was established in the latter three groups of rats by clamping the bilateral cavernous nerves. After modeling, the rats in the PBS and USC groups were treated by intracavernous injection of PBS at 200 μl and USCs at 1×106/200 μl PBS respectively for 28 days. Then, the maximum intracavernous pressure (mICP) and the ratio of mICP to mean arterial pressure (mICP/MAP) of the rats were calculated by electrical stimulation of the major pelvic ganglions, the proportion of nNOS- or NF200-positive nerve fibers in the total area of penile dorsal nerves determined by immunohistochemical staining, the levels of endothelial cell marker eNOS, smooth muscle marker α-SMA and collagen I detected by Western blot, and the smooth muscle to collagen ratio and the cell apoptosis rate in the corpus cavernosum measured by Masson staining and TUNEL, respectively.

RESULTSAfter 28 days of treatment, the rats in the USC group, as compared with those in the PBS and BCNI model control groups, showed significant increases in the mICP (［81 ± 9.9］ vs ［31 ± 8.3］ and ［33 ± 4.2］ mmHg, P <0.05), mICP/MAP ratio (0.72 ± 0.05 vs 0.36 ± 0.03 and 0.35 ± 0.04, P <0.05), the proportions of nNOS-positive nerve fibers (［11.31 ± 4.22］% vs ［6.86 ± 3.08］% and ［7.29 ± 4.84］% , P <0.05) and NF200-positive nerve fibers in the total area of penile dorsal nerves (［27.31 ± 3.12］% vs ［17.38 ± 2.87］% and ［19.49 ± 4.92］%, P <0.05), the eNOS/GAPDH ratio (0.52 ± 0.08 vs 0.31 ± 0.06 and 0.33 ± 0.07, P <0.05), and the α-SMA/GAPDH ratio (1.01 ± 0.09 vs 0.36 ± 0.05 and 0.38 ± 0.04, P <0.05), but a remarkable decrease in the collagen I/GAPDH ratio (0.28 ± 0.06 vs 0.68 ± 0.04 and 0.70 ± 0.10, P <0.05). The ratio of smooth muscle to collagen in the corpus cavernosum was significantly higher in the USC than in the PBS and BCNI model control groups (17.91 ± 2.86 vs 7.70 ± 3.12 and 8.21 ± 3.83, P <0.05) while the rate of cell apoptosis markedly lower in the former than in the latter two (3.31 ± 0.83 vs 9.82 ± 0.76, P <0.01; 3.31 ± 0.83 vs 9.75 ± 0.91, P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIntracavernous injection of USCs can protect the erectile function of the rat with cavernous nerve injury by protecting the nerves, improving the endothelial function, alleviating fibrosis and inhibiting cell apoptosis in the cavernous tissue.

Actins ; analysis ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Collagen ; analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Erectile Dysfunction ; prevention & control ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; analysis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; analysis ; Penile Erection ; physiology ; Penis ; innervation ; Pudendal Nerve ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saline Solution ; administration & dosage ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Stem Cells ; Urine ; cytology

Objective: To analyze the application value of heated humidifier and water humidifier of BiPAP ventilator in the treatment of type II respiratory failure. Methods: The clinical data of 50 patients with type II respiratory failure were statistically analyzed, and these patients were divided into heated humidifier group (adopted heated humidifier, n=25) and water humidifier group (adopted water humidifier, n=25) according to the difference of humidifying device of BiPAP ventilator. The PaO2, PaCO2, pH and the effect of humidifier for upper respiratory tract with dry sensation between pre-and post treatment were analyzed by statistical method. Results: The values of PaO2and pH of heated humidifier group were significantly higher than that of water humidifier group (t=4.303, t=3.182, P<0.05), respectively. While the PaCO2of heated humidifier group was significantly lower than that of water humidifier group (t=6.965, P<0.05). In the contrast of dry sensation of upper respiratory tract, the ratio of non-dry sensation in heated humidifier group was 84.0% (21/25) and it was 32.0% (8/25) in water humidification group, and the difference between the two groups was significant (x2=12.83, P<0.05). And the ratio of general dry sensation in heated humidifier group was 16.0% (4/25) and it was 40.0% (10/25) in water humidification group, and the ratio of heated humidifier group was significantly lower than that of water humidifier group (x2=5.02, P<0.05). Besides, the ratio of worst dry sensation in heated humidifier group was 0 and it was 28.0% (7/25) in water humidifier group, and the ratio of heated humidifier group was significantly lower than that of water humidifier group (x2=7.38, P<0.05). Conclusion: In the treatment of type II respiratory failure by using BiPAP ventilator, the application value and effect of heated humidifier is higher than that of water humidifier, so it is worthy to promote and use the heated humidifier in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of combining red yeast rice and Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) in lowering cholesterol in patients with primary hyperlipidemia, the later has also been shown to remove cholesterol in in vitro studies.

METHODSA double-blind clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering effect of the combination of red yeast rice and L. casei. Sixty patients with primary hyperlipidemia were recruited and randomized equally to either the treatment group (red yeast rice + L. casei) or the control group (red yeast rice + placebo). One red yeast rice capsule and two L. casei capsules were taken twice a day. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks, with an extended follow-up period of 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was a difference of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level at week 8.

RESULTSAt week 8, the LDL-C serum level in both groups was lower than that at baseline, with a decrease of 33.85±26.66 mg/dL in the treatment group and 38.11±30.90 mg/dL in the control group; however, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The total cholesterol was also lower than the baseline in both groups, yet without a statistical difference between the two groups. The only statistically signifificant difference between the two groups was the average diastolic pressure at week 12, which dropped by 2.67 mm Hg in the treatment group and increased by 4.43 mm Hg in the placebo group (P<0.05). The antihypertensive activity may be associated with L. casei. Red yeast rice can signifificantly reduce LDL-C, total cholesterol and triglyceride.

CONCLUSIONThe combination of red yeast rice and L. casei did not have an additional effect on lipid profifiles.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate whether three strains of probiotics, L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, and L. sporogenes, had signifificant inhibitive effects on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).

METHODSThis is a 4-week, randomly assigned, parallel-group, doubled-blind, and placebo-controlled study. Fifty patients with a positive H. pylori infection urea breath test (△UBT) result > 10% and without ulcer symptoms were randomized into a treatment group and a placebo group by a computer generated allocation sheet with 1:1. These subjects took one capsule of probiotics or placebo twice daily. The primary measurement was the change in △UBT values.

RESULTSThe △UBT values during the 4-week treatment period and the 2-week follow-up period were not signifificantly different between the treatment group and the placebo group, indicating that the inhibitive effects on H. pylori were comparable between both groups. The monocyte count (%) was 5.77±1.11 in the treatment group versus 5.09±1.12 in the placebo group (P=0.044), and the basophile count was 0.55±0.32 in the treatment group versus 0.36±0.23 in the placebo group (P=0.024) at week 2 of the treatment period, both of which reached statistical signifificance. The monocyte count was 5.75±1.26 in the treatment group and 4.72±0.99 in the placebo group at the end of the follow-up period (P=0.003).

CONCLUSIONThere was no signifificant inhibitive effects of the three probiotic strains (L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, and L. sporogenes) on H. pylori. Probiotics can not play the same role as antibiotics in the eradication of H. pylori, the role of probiotics is likely to be important as adjuvant to the triple or quadruple therapy for H. pylori, especially in resistance cases.

Adult ; Aged ; Breath Tests ; Demography ; Double-Blind Method ; Endpoint Determination ; Female ; Helicobacter pylori ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lactobacillus ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Probiotics ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Urea ; analysis ; Young Adult

[Objective]To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on infected state of human alve?olar type Ⅱ epithelial cells.[Methods]Human alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells A549(1×105/mL)2 mL and PA(3×104 CFU/mL)2 mL has grown after 6 hours,add hUCMSC(1 × 106/mL)2 mL as the experimental group,add equal amounts of phosphate buffer (PBS)for infection,A549 and PBS and the medium has grown as the control group. A549 cells morphological changes between the compared groups(Transmission electron microscope,TEM),A549 cell viability(new CCK-8 cell proliferation assay Kit),A549 cells apoptosis(Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining flow cytometry)and the expression of A549 pulmonary surfactant A(SP-A) (Western blot).[Results]Transmission electron microscope cell morphology observation displayed ,infection group A549 cell dam?aged obviously,cell quality appeared empty bubble degeneration,chromatin height agglutination,visible apoptosis bodies;experi?ment group cell package film structure full,nuclear film full,nucleolus obviously,nuclear chromatin electronic density low,chroma? tin uniform,no apoptotic bodies;control group A549 cell structure full,membrane surface micro-fluff rich,nuclear film full,nucle?ar week clearance structure normal,chromatin uniform;infection group and control group compared,Infection group A549 cell sur?vival significantly reduced[(70.35±2.89)% and(97.37±2.07)%,n=3,P<0.01],apoptosis rate significantly increased[(8.63%± 0.16)%and(2.55±0.11)%,n=3,P<0.01],In the infected group,PA could damage A549 cells and decrease the amount of SP-A ex?pression(n=5,P<0.05). In the experiment group,the protective effect of hUCMSC on the A549 cells after infection may increase the expression of SP-A(n=5,P<0.05);[Conclusions]HUCMSC inhibits the infection of A549 cells apoptosis and protection of A549 cells secrete SP-A.