Aim To identify the underlying target of bullatine A(BA)against rheumatoid arthritis(RA)u-sing limited proteolysis-small molecule mapping(LiP-SMap)drug target proteomics and to provide a scientif-ic basis for clinical application of Aconiti brachypodi Radix in the treatment of RA.Methods LiP-SMap drug target proteomics was employed to perform bioin-formatics analysis for comparing and validating the dif-ferential protein expression after BA intervention.A collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)model was estab-lished in DBA/1 mice using bovine type Ⅱ collagen.The mice were then divided into the CIA model group,methotrexate-positive control group(MTX group),and BA groups(10 mg·kg-1 and 20 mg·kg-1)based on their clinical scores.After drug intervention,the thera-peutic efficacy against RA was assessed by joint index scores and foot thickness measurements.Histopatholog-ical changes in the arthritic joints of CIA mice were e-valuated using hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was employed to detect inflammatory cytokines interleukin-17(IL-17)and total IgG and IgG3 anti-collagen-spe-cific antibodies levels from the serum of CIA mice.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression levels of intracellular Th17 cells(IL-17+CD4+T cells)and Th1 cells(IFN-γ+CD4+T cells).Fluorescent quanti-tative PCR was performed to detect the expression of genes related to differential proteins.Results The proteomic analysis identified Serpinb1a as a protein with strong binding affinity to BA,and KEGG enrich-ment analysis indicated IL-17 signaling pathway was a crucial pathway of BA in against RA.BA treatment significantly reduced clinical scores and foot thickness,improved local arthritis symptoms in CIA mice,and al-leviated inflammatory cell infiltration into arthritic joints(P＜0.05).Differential protein validation re-sults showed that BA had strong affinity with Serpinb1a(-5.92 kJ·mol-1)and downregulated the expres-sion of Serpinb1a mRNA.Furthermore,the administra-tion of BA markedly reduced serum IL-17 A levels from CIA mice,inhibited the expression of intracellular IL-17 A and IFN-γ cytokines in splenic CD4+T cells(P＜0.05),and significantly downregulated the transcrip-tional expression of IL-17F(P＜0.05).Conclusion BA exhibits therapeutic effects on collagen-induced arthritis,and its mechanism of action may involve the regulation of Serpinb1a and the IL-17 signaling path-way.

Objective To investigate the role of Sneathia sanguinegens(S.sanguinegens)in the development of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA).Methods A case-control study was conducted to analyze the vaginal flora characteristics of 65 patients with URSA and 18 healthy controls through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Toxicity profile of S.sanguinegens on human cervical cancer cells(ME-180),human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)and human placental choriocarcinoma cells(JEG-3)was analyzed at the cellular level to assess the mechanism of it in adverse pregnancy outcomes.And S.sanguinegens was used to infect C57BL/6J mice to explore the toxic effect on living organisms.Results The relative abundance of Sneathia was increased in patients with URSA compared with healthy controls.It was positively correlated with the number of miscarriages,and was attributed to S.sanguinegens.We also found that S.sanguinegens damaged ME-180,JEG-3 and HUVEC cells.The degree of cellular damage was related to the level of S.sanguinegens added.Intravenous infection with S.sanguinegens caused inflammatory damage in several organs and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen.Conclusion S.sanguinegens is closely related to URSA and should be emphasized in patients with high vaginal bacterial load.

Facing of mounting resource constraints and rising demands for personalization in medical education,regional anatomy teaching urgently requires transformation.In this paper,we focus on the regional anatomy of the thoracic wall,in order to explore a novel AI-driven teaching paradigm.Anchored in the core principle of"virtual-real integration with cadaveric dissection as the cornerstone,"the paradigm redefines educational objective and constructs an intelligent,closed-loop teaching model integrating students,computers,and instructors.Leveraging the robust support of digital intelligence(e.g.,DeepSeek),this paradigm incorporates interactive method including group collaboration,branching instruction,and gamified assessments.It achieves a comprehensive intelligent transformation of the entire teaching process-from goal setting and plan customization to activity implementation,task completion,outcome exchange,multidimensional evaluation,and reflective iteration.This new paradigm centers on medical students and leverages digital intelligence to activate deep personalized learning potential.It seamlessly integrates fundamental anatomical knowledge with clinical scenarios(e.g.,key anatomy in breast cancer surgery,flap design in breast reconstruction),and significantly enhances clinical decision-making abilities,scientific research and innovative thinking,as well as medical humanistic literacy,paving a new path for intelligent medical education.

Bronchial asthma （abbreviated as asthma） is one of the common chronic airway inflammatory diseases in the respiratory system， which is difficult to cure. Airway mucus hypersecretion （AMH） is an important factor leading to acute asthma attacks. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） possesses therapeutic advantages characterized by multiple pathways， multiple targets， and multiple links， and its mechanism of action in intervening in AMH has gradually drawn attention. TCM can effectively alleviate the symptoms of patients by intervening in asthma through methods such as eliminating phlegm and eliminating fluid retention. This review finds that the pathogenesis of asthma-associated AMH is correlated with decreased mucociliary clearance function and enhanced mucus secretion function； single TCM （such as Platycodon grandiflorum）， effective components of TCM （such as pinellia polysaccharides）， and compound prescriptions （mainly heat-clearing and phlegm-resolving prescriptions， etc.） can improve asthma-associated AMH by regulating the PI3K/Akt and JAK/STAT signaling pathways， inhibiting airway inflammatory responses， oxidative stress， and recovering the water-salt ratio of the mucus layer itself.

Aim To identify the underlying target of bullatine A(BA)against rheumatoid arthritis(RA)u-sing limited proteolysis-small molecule mapping(LiP-SMap)drug target proteomics and to provide a scientif-ic basis for clinical application of Aconiti brachypodi Radix in the treatment of RA.Methods LiP-SMap drug target proteomics was employed to perform bioin-formatics analysis for comparing and validating the dif-ferential protein expression after BA intervention.A collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)model was estab-lished in DBA/1 mice using bovine type Ⅱ collagen.The mice were then divided into the CIA model group,methotrexate-positive control group(MTX group),and BA groups(10 mg·kg-1 and 20 mg·kg-1)based on their clinical scores.After drug intervention,the thera-peutic efficacy against RA was assessed by joint index scores and foot thickness measurements.Histopatholog-ical changes in the arthritic joints of CIA mice were e-valuated using hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was employed to detect inflammatory cytokines interleukin-17(IL-17)and total IgG and IgG3 anti-collagen-spe-cific antibodies levels from the serum of CIA mice.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression levels of intracellular Th17 cells(IL-17+CD4+T cells)and Th1 cells(IFN-γ+CD4+T cells).Fluorescent quanti-tative PCR was performed to detect the expression of genes related to differential proteins.Results The proteomic analysis identified Serpinb1a as a protein with strong binding affinity to BA,and KEGG enrich-ment analysis indicated IL-17 signaling pathway was a crucial pathway of BA in against RA.BA treatment significantly reduced clinical scores and foot thickness,improved local arthritis symptoms in CIA mice,and al-leviated inflammatory cell infiltration into arthritic joints(P＜0.05).Differential protein validation re-sults showed that BA had strong affinity with Serpinb1a(-5.92 kJ·mol-1)and downregulated the expres-sion of Serpinb1a mRNA.Furthermore,the administra-tion of BA markedly reduced serum IL-17 A levels from CIA mice,inhibited the expression of intracellular IL-17 A and IFN-γ cytokines in splenic CD4+T cells(P＜0.05),and significantly downregulated the transcrip-tional expression of IL-17F(P＜0.05).Conclusion BA exhibits therapeutic effects on collagen-induced arthritis,and its mechanism of action may involve the regulation of Serpinb1a and the IL-17 signaling path-way.

Objective To investigate the role of Sneathia sanguinegens(S.sanguinegens)in the development of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA).Methods A case-control study was conducted to analyze the vaginal flora characteristics of 65 patients with URSA and 18 healthy controls through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Toxicity profile of S.sanguinegens on human cervical cancer cells(ME-180),human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)and human placental choriocarcinoma cells(JEG-3)was analyzed at the cellular level to assess the mechanism of it in adverse pregnancy outcomes.And S.sanguinegens was used to infect C57BL/6J mice to explore the toxic effect on living organisms.Results The relative abundance of Sneathia was increased in patients with URSA compared with healthy controls.It was positively correlated with the number of miscarriages,and was attributed to S.sanguinegens.We also found that S.sanguinegens damaged ME-180,JEG-3 and HUVEC cells.The degree of cellular damage was related to the level of S.sanguinegens added.Intravenous infection with S.sanguinegens caused inflammatory damage in several organs and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen.Conclusion S.sanguinegens is closely related to URSA and should be emphasized in patients with high vaginal bacterial load.

Objective To understand the pathogen detection of hospitalized patients before antimicrobial therapy in a hospital through implementation of comprehensive intervention measures,and provide reference basis for the de-velopment of targeted measures.Methods Hospitalized patients who received therapeutic antimicrobial agents in this hospital were selected as the research subjects.Patients who were hospitalized from January to May 2022 were selected as the pre-intervention group,comprehensive intervention measures were taken from June to October 2022,and those who were hospitalized from November 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the post-intervention group.The pathogen detection rate before antimicrobial therapy,sterile specimen detection rate,antimicrobial use rate,de-tection rate of key multidrug-resistant organisms of patients before and after the intervention were analyzed.Results Compared to before intervention,the proportion of pathogen detection rate before antimicrobial therapy(62.09％vs 74.04％),detection rate of healthcare-associated infection diagnosis-related pathogens(62.82％vs 92.73％),and sterile specimen detection rate(35.17％vs 41.06％)of hospitalized patients after intervention all increased signifi-cantly,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).After intervention,pathogen detection rate before the combination use of key antimicrobial agents was not statistically different from before intervention(93.33％vs 90.48％,P＞0.05),while antimicrobial use rate was lower than before intervention(39.93％vs 44.95％,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of key multidrug-resistant organisms be-fore and after intervention(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Adopting scientific and rational intervention measures can improve the pathogen detection rate,provide a reference basis for the rational use of antimicrobial agents.There was no significant improvement in the pathogen detection rate before the combination use of key antimicrobial agents and the detection rate of key multidrug-resistant organisms,indicating that relevant measures still need to be further optimized.

Objective To observe the course and diameter of facial artery branches and its adjacent structures in nasolabial groove area and the positional relationship,so as to provide reference for clinicians to carry out facial cosmetic repair surgery.Methods A total of 40 adult head and neck specimens were dissected on the spot,and the course and position of the facial artery branches,facial vein and facial nerve in the nasolabial groove area were observed,their diameters were measured,and relevant data were recorded.Results There were 4 types of facial artery branches in the nasolabial groove area:type Ⅰ(upper lip type)accounted for 12.5%,type Ⅱ(nasal type)accounted for 62.5%,type Ⅲ(classical type)accounted for 20.0%,and type Ⅳ(double severe type)accounted for 5.0% .There were 4 kinds of positional relationship between the facial artery and the facial vein in the nasolabial groove area:42.5% of the orofacial artery was located on the medial side of the facial vein,32.5% of the orofacial artery was located on the lateral side of the facial vein,17.5% of the two were close to and wrapped in a fascial sheath,7.5% of the orofacial artery and the main trunk of the facial vein were crossed,and the vein was located in the deep surface of the artery.There were 3 kinds of positional relationship between the facial artery and the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve:87.5% of the facial artery was deep on the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve,7.5% of the facial artery was superficial on the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve,and 5.0% of the facial artery was held or surrounded by two branches of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve on the superficial or deep surface.Conclusion The positional relationship among facial artery,facial vein and facial nerve in the nasolabial groove area is complicated.Familiarity with its positional relationship can avoid damaging blood vessels and nerves during the nasorabial groove surgery,reduce surgical complications and improve surgical safety.

Objective:To study correlation between high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)and red cell dis-tribution width(RDW)in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods:According to coronary stenotic severity,a total of 151 patients undergoing coronary CT angiography in our hospital were divided into CHD group(n=72)and non-CHD group(n=79).General clinical data were compared between two groups.Correlation be-tween HDL-C and RDW,influencing factors of CHD and diagnostic value of HDL-C and RDW for CHD were analyzed.Results:Compared with non-CHD group,there were significant rise in percentage of diabetes mellitus,age,serum triglyceride(TG)level and RDW,and significant reduction in serum HDL-C level in CHD group(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Pearson correlation analysis indicated that serum HDL-C level was significant inversely correla-ted with RDW(r=-0.373,P=0.001),and there was a significant negative correlation between two indexes in CHD group and non-CHD group(r=-0.415,-0.243,P=0.001,0.031).Multivariate Logistic regression a-nalysis indicated that TG and RDW were independent risk factors for CHD(OR= 1.794,1.588,P=0.030,0.020),and HDL-C was its independent protective factor(OR=0.212,P=0.036).ROC curve indicated that AUC of combined detection of HDL-C and RDW diagnosing CHD was 0.674,its sensitivity was 58.33%and spe-cificity was 70.89%.Conclusion:RDW possesses certain diagnostic value for patients with coronary heart disease.

In this paper， the key technical problems in the research and development of famous classical formulas are analyzed. Firstly， the puzzled problem for a long-time， which is conversion relationship from medicinal metrology of Han dynasty （HD） to that of modern （gram，g）， is comprehensively expounded that one Liang （两） of HD=3 g is more appropriate. Secondly， the model and principles of quality consistency evaluation are given for the transformation from the quality of authoritative basic sample prepared by casserole （ABS-C） to the quality consistency in Laboratory process， pilot-scale process and industrial production. The consistency evaluation model is ξ_ABS-X=K₁（Q₁^ABS-X/Q₁^ABS-C）+K₂（Q₂^ABS-X/Q₂^ABS-C）+……+K_i（Q_i^ABS-X/Q_i^ABS-C）=∑K_i（Q_i^ABS-X/Q_i^ABS-C）（i=1，2，3……n）. In the formula， ABS-X means laboratory reference sample ABS-C （ABS-L）， pilot-scale ABS-C （ABS-mP） or industrial production ABS-C （ABS-P）， ξ_ABS-X means the quality consistency rate or similarity degree of ABS-L， ABS-mP and ABS-P processes with ABS-C， K_i means the weight of each quality evaluation index （i）， Q_i^ABS-X is the data of i in ABS-L， ABS-mP， ABS-P samples， and Q_i^ABS-C is the data （or mean） of i in ABS-C sample. Thirdly， in order to control the quality of the herbal medicines whose active ingredients were unknown， their chemical constituents should be studied deeply， and if necessary， the bioassay research should be carried out according to the main efficacy or indication of famous classical formulas. Finally， for the special processing of some herbal medicines， it is difficult to formulate the processing method， technology and standard of prepared slices. It is suggested that the scientific connotation and historical evolution of the special processing method should be thoroughly sorted out， and its technological characteristics are summarized， the modern processing technology and production processes are simulated， and then the corresponding processing methods and quality standards are formulated.