Objective To assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory,Second Edition(BDI-Ⅱ-C)among Yi middle school students in Liangshan Prefecture.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 466 Yi middle and high school students in Liangshan Prefecture to respond to the BDI-Ⅱ-C.The general demographic characteristics of the samples were described,and independent sample t-test,chi-square test,and reliability analysis were conducted to analyze the data.The sample was randomly divided into 2 halves for exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.Results The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for BDI-Ⅱ-C was 0.925 for the sample of Yi middle school students in Liangshan Prefecture.The correlation coefficients between individual items ranged from 0.192 to 0.612,and those between individual items and total scores ranged from 0.492 to 0.761.Exploratory factor analysis found that the scale could be divided into three dimensions,including emotional symptoms,somatic symptoms,and negative symptoms.Confirmatory factor analysis results revealed that the various indicators of the three-factor model were x2/df=1.604,comparative fit index(CFI)=0.940,Tucker-Lewis index(TLI)=0.932,incremental fit index(IFI)=0.941,and root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)=0.051.Conclusion BDI-Ⅱ-C exhibits good reliability and validity among Yi middle school students in Liangshan Prefecture,but the convergent validity of the structural validity is poor.

【Objective】 Escherichia coli phage (ECP) and Staphylococcus aureus phage (SAP) isolated from sewage were used as research objects, and their biological characteristics were analyzed to provide new experimental materials for the application of phages. 【Methods】 ECP and SAP were purified and cultured by double-layer agar method. Then a series of biological characteristics of these two phages were preliminarily analyzed by electron microscope observation, optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) test, one-step growth curve test, temperature, pH, chloroform and ultraviolet sensitivity tests, respectively. 【Results】 The results of biological characteristics showed that ECP and SAP were both virulent phages, belonging to myoviridac family. Their optimal MOI was 10^-1, and they had strong resistance to ultraviolet light. The cleavage volume of ECP was 76.3 PFU/cell, while that of SAP was 8.3 PFU/cell. ECP had a wide range of temperature tolerance and could stably survive at 30-50 ℃, while SAP was more sensitive to temperature and could be completely inactivated at 50 ℃ for 1 h. ECP could maintain a good lysis activity in the range of pH 5-11, while SAP in the range of pH 6-9. ECP had strong resistance to chloroform and was non-membranous phage, while SAP was more sensitive to chloroform and was a membranous phage. 【Conclusion】 ECP and SAP are both virulent phages and have strong resistance to ultraviolet light. The lysability, temperature, pH, and chloroform tolerance of ECP are stronger than those of SAP.

Objective:To investigate the effect of combined treatment of hyperforin(HPF) and amlexanox(AM) on obesity and metabolic disorders.Methods:ob/ob mice were used as an obese mice model and treated with HPF alone(2.5 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection) or combined with AM(50 mg/kg, gavage administration) for 4 weeks. Their body weight and food intake were monitored, glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed, serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels were detected. Nuclear magnetic resonance was used to detect the body composition and metabolic cage was used to detect the energy consumption. After sampling, HE staining was used to observed the pathological change of fat and liver tissues, Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were used to detect the cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)-protein kinase A(PKA) signaling pathway.Results:Compared to the vehicle-treated mice(54.07 g), HPF-treated mice showed attenuated body weight gain(51.33 g, P=0.042) and reduced total fat mass( P=0.011); while administration of HPF in combination with AM(HPF/AM) further reduced the body weight(47.61 g, P=0.041). HE staining analysis showed that HPF alone or HPF/AM treatment both decreased the diameters of adipocytes and infiltration of white fat( P=0.014, P=0.032) in brown adipose tissues, which resulted in a trend of browning. However, HPF/AM-treatment didn′t further diminish adipocytes or reduce lipid accumulation in brown adipose tissues compared to HPF-treated mice. In addition, the basal oxygen consumption rate(VO 2, P<0.001) and(VCO 2, P=0.002) of HPF-treated mice were mainly elevated in the light phase relative to that of control mice; while HPF/AM-treatment further promote the energy consumption both in the dark phase and light phase. Notably, cAMP-PKA signaling pathway was obviously activated under HPF/AM-treatment in inguinal white adipose tissue. Moreover, HPF/AM-treatment showed beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and fatty liver, as indicated by improved insulin resistance, reduced liver steatosis( P=0.049) and the serum ALT levels( P=0.008). Conclusion:Combined administration of HPF and AM is an effective strategy in the treatment of obesity, improvement of metabolic disorders and alleviation of catecholamine resistance.

Objectives To construct prokaryotic expression plasmid of rat surfactant protein C (sp-c) gene under hyperoxia and expression in E.coli. Methods Twenty-one-day-old SD premature rats were exposed to 85%hyperoxia 12 hours after birth. The rats were executed after 7 days and their RNA were extracted from lung and cDNA was synthesized and amplified. And then the cDNA was cloned into pMD18-T vector and confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing. After the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a(+)-sp-c was constructed, the recombinant plasmid was induced by IPTG and expressed in E.coli BL21 strain. The fusion protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Results The pET-28a(+)-sp-c plasmid was constructed and the fusion protein with relative molecule mass of 21000 was highly expressed. Conclusions SP-C is successfully expressed in E. coli, which can be used to study the mechanism of action between SP-C and endoplasmic reticulum, the expression of SP-C in lung epi-thelial cell A549 and the impact of SP-C on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of AECIIs in future.

Objectives To investigate the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related factors, glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), in lungs of rats with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and their relationship with pneumonocyte apoptosis, and further to explore the role of ERS-induced apoptosis in the pathogen-esis of BPD. Methods A total of 24 neonatal SD rats were randomly divided into control group and BPD group with 12 rats each. Rats in BPD group were exposed to 85%O2, while rats in the control group were exposed to air. Four rats in each group were sacriifced at 7, 14 and 21 days respectively after exposure. The expression of GRP78 in the lung tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry, the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78 and CHOP were detected respectively by real-time PCR and Western blot, and the apoptosis in lung cells were evaluated by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Results The mRNA and protein levels of GRP78 and CHOP, and the cell apoptosis in BPD group were signiifcantly different from those in control group (P<0.01) at different time points and increased over the time of hyperoxic exposure (P<0.01). Conclusions En-doplasmic reticulum stress may be initiated by hyperoxic exposure and apoptosis is induced via CHOP signal pathway, which is involved in the pathogenesis of BPD.