Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） is the most common chronic liver disease， and it has become a major global health issue. Excessive lipid accumulation in the liver is the core pathological event of MAFLD， which triggers lipotoxicity and leads to cell apoptosis， necrosis， and inflammatory cascades by mediating endoplasmic reticulum stress， oxidative stress， organelle dysfunction， and ferroptosis， thereby promoting the progression of simple hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. In this process， very-long-chain fatty acids （VLCFAs）， as essential components of cell membranes and lipid metabolism， have attracted increasing attention for their role in lipotoxicity mechanisms. This article reviews the role of VLCFAs in lipid metabolism processes and lipotoxicity mechanisms， focusing on how VLCFAs participate in metabolic regulation through key proteins and disrupt cell membranes to induce oxidative stress， and how their metabolites and derivatives drive inflammatory responses， ultimately promoting the progression of MAFLD.

[Objective]To explore the practical basis,significance and development direction of the coexistence of numerous acupuncture therapies.[Methods]By combining the formation of acupuncture theory,the analysis of the integration of modern medicine and the analysis of the application of characteristic needles,the background factors and practical significance of the coexistence of numerous acupuncture therapies are discussed and analyzed from four dimensions:different structures of acupuncture,the collaborative development of modern medicine,the application of characteristic needles and the promotion of microneedle therapy.[Results]The coexistence of numerous acupuncture therapies is the product of the deep extension of the basic acupuncture theory,the unity of contradiction and the combination of exploration.Modern anatomy and basic research also play a synergistic role.A variety of needle characteristic therapy has expanded the clinical application.Different characteristics of microneedle therapy and disease concepts also affect the choice of clinical acupuncture therapy.[Conclusion]Numerous acupuncture therapies are widely used in clinical practice,which is the product of in-depth exploration of traditional theory,continuous integration with modern scientific development and theoretical research.It is bound to encourage the development of TCM acupuncture,make the theoretical research of acupuncture more in-depth,the advantages of each therapy clearer,and even promote the emergence of more effective new therapies.

Based on commonly used acupoints in the clinical acupuncture treatment of functional dyspepsia （FD）， this study systematically analyzes the therapeutic differences and synergistic effects between local and distal point selection. It also examines the suitability of primary acupoint selection for different FD subtypes， postprandial distress syndrome （PDS） and epigastric pain syndrome （EPS）. The findings suggest that a combination of local and distal acupoints may be more appropriate as primary points for PDS， whereas local acupoints alone may be more suitable for EPS. Additionally， the study explores the impact of various factors， such as stimulation techniques， needling order， intensity or stimulation parameters， and depth， on the efficacy of acupuncture. It concludes that the intrinsic properties of acupoints are the primary determinants of therapeutic direction. Other factors mainly influence the magnitude rather than the direction of the effect. Future research may further investigate how different acupoint combinations， local versus distal， affect the treatment outcomes of FD subtypes， providing new insights for clinical acupuncture prescriptions.

[Objective]To explore the practical basis,significance and development direction of the coexistence of numerous acupuncture therapies.[Methods]By combining the formation of acupuncture theory,the analysis of the integration of modern medicine and the analysis of the application of characteristic needles,the background factors and practical significance of the coexistence of numerous acupuncture therapies are discussed and analyzed from four dimensions:different structures of acupuncture,the collaborative development of modern medicine,the application of characteristic needles and the promotion of microneedle therapy.[Results]The coexistence of numerous acupuncture therapies is the product of the deep extension of the basic acupuncture theory,the unity of contradiction and the combination of exploration.Modern anatomy and basic research also play a synergistic role.A variety of needle characteristic therapy has expanded the clinical application.Different characteristics of microneedle therapy and disease concepts also affect the choice of clinical acupuncture therapy.[Conclusion]Numerous acupuncture therapies are widely used in clinical practice,which is the product of in-depth exploration of traditional theory,continuous integration with modern scientific development and theoretical research.It is bound to encourage the development of TCM acupuncture,make the theoretical research of acupuncture more in-depth,the advantages of each therapy clearer,and even promote the emergence of more effective new therapies.

Objective To investigate the status of medication adherence and various types of risky behaviors of schizophrenia patients in a certain area of western China and to explore accordingly the correlation between the two.Methods A total of 292 667 patients with schizophrenia were enrolled in a follow-up survey between 2006 and 2018.In addition,based on the outcome-wide analysis strategy,a multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model was used to estimate and compare the impact of medication adherence on different types of risky behaviors in schizophrenia patients.Results In this 13-year prospective cohort,65 175 patients(31.4％)showed good medication adherence,while 142 394 patients(68.6％)showed poor medication adherence.The incidence rates of various risky behaviors during the follow-up period were as follows,minor nuisances,12.25％,violation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Penalties for Administration of Public Security(APS law),3.82％,violation of criminal law,0.94％,suicide completed,0.28％,self-harm,1.42％,and attempted suicide,0.82％.Schizophrenia patients who had poor medication adherence had higher risks of committing violence against others and self-inflicted injury compared to patients with good medication adherence did,with the associated effects being minor nuisances(hazard ratio[HR]=1.31,95％confidence interval[CI]:1.27-1.35),violation of APS law(HR=1.47,95％CI:1.38-1.56),violation of criminal law(HR=1.17,95％CI:1.05-1.31),and self-harm(HR=1.43,95％CI:1.32-1.56),respectively,while the risk of suicide completed is lower in schizophrenia patients with poor medication adherence than that in patients with good medication adherence(HR=0.56,95％CI:0.47-0.66).There was no statistically significant association between attempted suicide and medication adherence.Conclusion There are variations in the direction and strength of the association between medication adherence and different types of risky behaviors and further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of the association.

Objective To explore the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the phenotypes of photo-aging fibroblasts.Methods A photoaging cell model by repeating UVB irradiation was treated using appropriate concentration of PRP;Cell morphology and the rate of aging dying were observed under inverted microscope 24 hours later after establishment of the cell model;The expression of ROS between experimental and control group was detected using fluorescence microscope after single UVB irradiation.The relative intensity of fluorescence was analyzed using flow cytometry.Results PRP could ameliorate the large and sprawl appearance of photoaging fibroblasts obviously,reduce the generation of ROS as well as decrease the relative intensity of ROS.Conclusions PRP can decrease the level of intracellular oxidative stress caused by UVB irradiation,reduce the generation of ROS and ameliorate the senescence-like phenotypes of pho toaging fibroblasts.

In the present paper,the authors review progresses of researches on the protective effect of acupuncture in resisting acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients and animals from 1) resisting injury of oxygen-derived free radicals,2) reducing intracellular Ca2+ overload,3) relieving dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells of the myocardium,4) regulating immune functional activity and reducing inflammatory injury,5) reducing cardiocyte apoptosis,6) upregulating the expression of heat shock protein(HSP 70) in the myocardium,and 7) regulating activities of multiple cardiovascular protection factors and intracellular signaling pathways.The abovementioned results are mainly obtained from experimental animal studies.For this reason,the authors hold that the coming researches on acupuncture therapy for cardiovascular disorders should pay more attention to its clinical application,for example,controlled blood-pressure decline induced lower perfusion of the coronary artery,cardiac surgery(percutaneous tranluminal coronary angioplasty,intracardiac operation underdirect vision) etc.

Objective To observe the antimutagenic action of sodium selenite and vitamin E on condensates of cooking oil fumes(COF) Methods SCE (sister chromatid exchanges) were observed and contrasted before and after addition of sodium selenite or vitamin E at a certain dose to the culture of human peripheral blood lymphocytes treated by COF Results Sodium selenite added to lymphocytic culture treated by COF at 37 ℃ for 4 hour incubation significantly lowered the frequencies SCEs of lymphocytes and very significant synergistic effects on lowering frequencies of SCEs were observed during adding both sodium selenite(terminal concentration 0 9?10 -7 mol/L) and vitamin E(torminal concentration 0 1% (v/v) to lymphocytic culture treated ty COF for 4 hour incubation Conclusion Combined sodium selenite and vitamin E at certain concentrations in cultured lymphocytes for 4 hour incubation showed very significant synergistic effects on lowering the mutagenicity of lymphocytes induced ty COF.Sodium selenite alone was also shown to be effective in lowering the frequencies of SCEs of human peripheral blood lymphocytes