The regulation of the cell cycle is essential for maintaining normal cellular function,especially in the development of diseases such as lung cancer.The cell cycle consists of four major phases(G1,S,G2 and M phases),which are characterized by a series of precise molecular events to ensure proper cell proliferation and division.In lung cancer cells,cell cycle dysregulation can lead to disordered proliferation and increased invasiveness of cancer cells.G2 and S-phase expressed 1(GTSE1)is a regulatory protein found in the cytoplasm of the cell,which plays a key role in the cell cycle distribution of a wide range of cancer cells and is involved in life processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis.GTSE1 affects cell cycle progres-sion by interacting with cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A(p21)and maintaining the stability of p21,which in turn inhibits the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1/2(CDK1/2).In addition,GTSE1 is also involved in the regulation of tumor protein 53(p53)signaling pathway.With the assistance of mouse double minute 2 homolog(MDM2),GTSE1 is able to transport p53 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and promote its ubiquitination and degradation,thus affecting cell cycle and cell death-related signaling pathways.This paper reviews the expression of GTSE1 in lung cancer cells and its effects on lung cancer,as well as its potential mechanisms involved in cell cycle regulation.

Objective:To evaluate the role of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) in the endogenous protective mechanism underlying mechanical ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in mice and the relationship with high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1).Methods:Forty SPF healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 20-25 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=10 each) by the random number table method: control group (group C), VILI group (group VILI), negative control siRNA + VILI group (group NV) and HSF1 siRNA + VILI group (group siRNA). At 48 h before mechanical ventilation, negative control siRNA 5 nmol and HSF1 siRNA 5 nmol were intratracheally injected in NV and siRNA groups respectively, and the solution was diluted to 50 μl with the sterile phosphate buffer in both groups. Group C kept spontaneous breathing for 4 h, and the rest animals were mechanically ventilated (tidal volume 35 ml/kg, respiratory rate 75 breaths/min, inspiratory/expiratory ratio 1∶2, fraction of inspired oxygen 21%) for 4 h. Blood samples from the femoral artery were collected for arterial blood gas analysis immediately after endotracheal intubation and at 4 h of ventilation, and PaO 2 was recorded. Then the mice were sacrificed under deep anesthesia to collect lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The concentrations of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and HMGB1 in BALF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The pathological results were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and lung injury was assessed and scored. The wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of lung tissues was calculated. The expression of HMGB1 and HSF1 mRNA in lung tissues (by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and expression of HMGB1 and HSF1 protein in lung tissues (by Western blot) were determined. Results:Compared with group C, PaO 2 was significantly decreased at 4 h of ventilation, the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1 in BALF, W/D ratio and lung injury score were increased, and the expression of HMGB1 protein and mRNA in lung tissues was up-regulated in group VILI, group NV and group siRNA ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Compared with group VILI and group NV, PaO 2 was significantly decreased at 4 h of ventilation, the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1 in BALF, W/D ratio and lung injury score were increased, and the expression of HMGB1 protein and mRNA in lung tissues was up-regulated, and the expression of HSF1 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in group siRNA ( P<0.05 or 0.01). There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between group VILI and group NV ( P>0.05). Conclusions:HSF1 is involved in the endogenous protective mechanism underlying VILI in mice, which may be related to the down-regulation of HMGB1 expression and attenuation of inflammatory responses in lung tissues.

Objective:To anatomically study the external bone graft axis from the pedicle (canal) to the endplate designed for compression healing fractures of the anterior vertebral column in freshly dried vertebral specimens from T10 to L5.Methods:Eight groups of freshly dried vertebral specimens from T10 to L5 (128 vertebral bodies and 256 lateral pedicles and lateral vertebral bodies) were used to observe the vertebral axis of the pedicle (canal), the internal sagittal diameter of the pedicle (canal), and the sagittal diameter of the vertebral body, and the position of vertebral pedicle (canal) axis (f-angle) before design of the external bone graft axis from the pedicle (canal) to the endplate of the compression healing vertebral body. (1) The internal sagittal diameter of the pedicle (canal) was divided into 3 segments. The lateral segment of the vertebral plate was wide, the middle segment of the isthmus of the vertebral arch was narrow and the medial segment of the terminal segment of the vertebral arch was wide. The narrow isthmus of the middle arch (canal) was used as a transposition axis in the design of the axis of the bone graft from the vertebral arch (canal) to the endplate of the compression healing vertebral body. (2) The axis of the vertebral body of the pedicle (canal) was located medial to the transposition axis, parallel to the f-angle at 0° as described by Saillant G. (3) The compression degree of the vertebral body was measured at the outer edge of the lateral anterior column, with Ⅰ° for less than 1/4 compression of the anterior column of the vertebral body, Ⅱ° for 1/4 to 2/4, Ⅲ° for 2/4 to 3/4 and Ⅳ° for more than 3/4 of the compression. (4) The f-angle described by Salliant G at the entry end which was corresponding to the endplate of the compression healing vertebral body was used to design the pedicle (canal) to the outer implant axis of the endplate of the compression healing vertebral body.Results:At an f-angle of 8° to 10°, the bone graft axis was aligned with the Ⅱ° compression healing vertebral endplate on the superior endplate side of the vertebral body axis of the arch; at an f-angle of 16° to 18°, the bone graft axis corresponded to the superior endplate of the Ⅰ° compression healing vertebral body. At an f-angle of -10°~-8°, the bone graft axis corresponded to the Ⅲ° compression healing vertebral endplate on the inferior endplate side of the vertebral body axis of the arch; at an f-angle of -18°~-16°, the bone graft axis corresponded to the inferior endplate of the Ⅳ° compression healing vertebral body.Conclusions:The external axis from the pedicle (canal) to the endplate designed in the present anatomic study for compression healing fractures of the anterior vertebral column allows for safe and easy granular bone implantation due to the toughness of the cortical bone around the arch root (canal) in addition to the precise design of the bone graft axis from the pedicle to the endplate from T10 to L5.

Rapid serial visual presentation-brain computer interface (RSVP-BCI) is the most popular technology in the early discover task based on human brain. This algorithm can obtain the rapid perception of the environment by human brain. Decoding brain state based on single-trial of multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) recording remains a challenge due to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and nonstationary. To solve the problem of low classification accuracy of single-trial in RSVP-BCI, this paper presents a new feature extraction algorithm which uses principal component analysis (PCA) and common spatial pattern (CSP) algorithm separately in spatial domain and time domain, creating a spatial-temporal hybrid CSP-PCA (STHCP) algorithm. By maximizing the discrimination distance between target and non-target, the feature dimensionality was reduced effectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of STHCP algorithm is higher than that of the three benchmark algorithms (SWFP, CSP and PCA) by 17.9%, 22.2% and 29.2%, respectively. STHCP algorithm provides a new method for target detection.
Algorithms ; Brain ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Humans ; Principal Component Analysis ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective:To investigate the emergency surgical effect of ruptured intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF).Methods:Patients with ruptured intracranial DAVF underwent microsurgery in the Department of Neurosurgery, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from May 2013 to July 2022 were retrospectively included. The clinical, imaging and follow-up data were collected, and the clinical characteristics, selection of surgical methods and treatment effects of patients were summarized.Results:A total of 8 patients with DAVF were enrolled. Their age ranged from 11 to 60 years (average, 48 years). There were 7 males and 1 female. All 8 patients suffered from intracranial hemorrhage, manifested as headache and vomiting in 2 cases, simple conscious disturbance in 2 cases, conscious disturbance with cerebral hernia in 3 cases, and conscious disturbance with limb paralysis in 1 case. The fistula was located in the anterior fossa in 4 cases (including 2 cases with aneurysms), the middle fossa in 2 cases (including 1 case with moyamoya disease), the transverse sinus in 1 case, and the anterior 1/3 area of the sagittal sinus in 1 case. Cognard classification: 7 patients were type Ⅲ and 1 was type Ⅳ. After admission, all patients underwent emergency craniotomy and microsurgery to remove hematoma. Among them, 4 patients underwent decompressive craniectomy at the same time, 1 patient with moyamoya disease underwent dural turnover and temporalis muscle application at the same time, and 2 patients with aneurysms at the same location were clipped at the same time. Postoperative re-examination of head CT showed that the hematoma was cleared satisfactorily and the midline was no shift in all 8 patients. CT angiography (CTA) showed that the fistula disappeared within 2 weeks. Seven patients were followed up within 1-12 months after operation. CTA or digital subtraction angiography showed no recurrence of DAVF. Two patients with aneurysms did not have residual or recurrent aneurysms. All patients had no new neurological symptoms, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale score in 2 patients increased by 1 compared with that at discharge.Conclusion:Emergency microsurgery is an effective method for the treatment of ruptured intracranial DAVF, especially for patients with special parts or complicated hematoma, cerebral hernia, and other vascular diseases.

Tetanus consists of neonatal tetanus and non-neonatal tetanus. Non-neonatal tetanus remains a serious public health problem, although neonatal tetanus has been eliminated in China since 2012. Non-neonatal tetanus is a potential fatal disease. In the absence of medical intervention, the mortality rate of severe cases is almost 100%. Even with vigorous treatment, the mortality rate remains 30%-50% globally. These specifications aim to regulate non-neonatal tetanus diagnosis and treatment in China, in order to improve medical quality and safety. These specifications introduce the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and laboratory tests, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, grading and treatment of non-neonatal tetanus.

Tetanus consists of neonatal tetanus and non-neonatal tetanus.Non-neonatal tetanus remains a serious public health problem,although neonatal tetanus has been eliminated in China since 2012.Non-neonatal tetanus is a potential fatal disease.In the absence of medical intervention,the mortality rate of severe cases is almost 100％.Even with vigorous treatment,the mortality rate is still 30％-50％ globally.These specifications aim to regulate non-neonatal tetanus diagnosis and treatment in China,in order to improve medical quality and safety.These specifications introduce the etiology,epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations and laboratory tests,diagnosis,differential diagnosis,grading and treatment of non-neonatal tetanus.

Post-traumatic tetanus is the main type of non-neonatal tetanus.To reduce the incidence and mortality rateof tetanus and guide the primary medical institutions to prevent and control tetanus after trauma,the National Immunization Planning Technical Working Group of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has compiled this document in the reference with Position Paper by World Health Organization,and the latest research progress both at home and abroad.The guidelines focus on the basic procedures for the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic tetanus,the application of tetanus vaccines and immune preparation,and pre-exposure immunization in high-risk populations of trauma.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common abdominal acute inflammatory disorder.Clinical manifestations of AP vary from self-limiting local inflammation to multiple organ failure causing significant mortality.At present,AP treatment methods mainly include non-surgical treatment such as fluid resuscitation and somatostatin,and minimally invasive or open surgical debridement treatment.Either treatment programs,nutritional support treatment is an essential part of them.According to the pathophysiological characteristics of AP onset,many scholars have emphasized that strategic nutritional support therapy is the key to limiting local inflammation,preventing and controlling AP-related complications.This article will provide an overview of the latest advances in nutritional support treatment of AP,including enteral and parenteral nutrition strategies in clinical treatment,and nutritional supplements such as glutamine,omega-3 fatty acids,vitamins and probiotics.

Tetanus consists of neonatal tetanus and non-neonatal tetanus. Although neonatal tetanus in China has been eliminated since 2012, non-neonatal tetanus remains a serious public health problem. Non-neonatal tetanus is a potential fatal disease, and the mortality rate of severe cases is almost 100% in the absence of medical intervention. Even with vigorous treatment, the mortality rate is still 30~50% globally. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of non-neonatal tetanus in China, this specification is hereby formulated. This standard includes etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, classification, grading and treatment of non-neonatal tetanus.