Objective: To analyze the latent tuberculosis infection and preventive treatment in the school tuberculosis epidemic, so as to provide theoretical and technical support for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods: Information on latent infection, preventive treatment and tuberculosis incidence were collected from five tuberculosis outbreaks in schools in Hunan Province from January to December 2023. Statistical analysis was conducted by using Chisquare test and Fishers exact test. Results: The prevalence of tuberculosis patients in close contacts (7.69%) and the latent infection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (31.87%) were higher than those in nonclose contacts (0.12%, 6.29%), and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01). The subsequent incidence of close contacts with latent infection was higher (8.62%) than that of nonclose contacts (0), the rate of close contacts receiving prophylactic treatment (63.30%) was higher than that of nonclose contacts (47.37%), and the proportion of close contacts receiving prophylactic treatment (68.12%) was higher than that of nonclose contacts (45.56%), and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The latent infection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in college students (13.58%) was higher than that in middle school students (7.08%) (χ2=37.77, P<0.01). The proportion of college students receiving preventive treatment (100.00%) was higher than that of middle school students (40.34%), and the subsequent incidence of latent infection (6.67%) was higher than that of middle school students (0.54%); the rate of middle school students who should receive preventive treatment (70.41%) was higher than that of college students (30.77%), and the rate of middle school students who received preventive treatment (100.00%) was higher than that of college students (62.50%), and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Among the latent infected persons, 144 who completed preventive treatment did not get sick, and 10 of the 177 who did not complete preventive treatment got sick, with an incidence rate of 5.65%. The incidence rate of close contacts (19.23%) was higher than that of nonclose contacts (0) (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis between university (8.18%) and middle school (1.49%) among latent infected persons who did not complete preventive treatment (P=0.09). Conclusion Actively promoting preventive treatment for latent infections, especially among close contacts, and ensuring that all eligible individuals receive treatment can reduce tuberculosis incidence in schools and help control the scale of school tuberculosis outbreaks.

Objective:To evaluate the role of computed tomography (CT) imaging features in predicting the risk classification of duodenal stromal tumor (DST), so as to assist clinical treatment decision-making.Methods:A total of 109 patients with DST confirmed by surgical pathology at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively enrolled from November 1, 2013 to November 30, 2022. According to the National Institutes of Health risk classification criteria, the 109 DST patients were divided into low-risk group (including very low- and low-risk patients, 70 cases) and high-risk group (including moderate- and high-risk patients, 39 cases). The CT features of the 2 groups were collected, including arterial and venous phase CT values, tumor size index, shape (regular or not), edge (clear or not), growth pattern (intracavity, extracavity or both), degree of cystic necrosis (0 degree, Ⅰ degree, Ⅱ degree, Ⅲ degree), and the presence of enlarged feeding arteries and vascular-like enhancement were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the CT features related to DST risk classification. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to assess the predictive value of the features.Results:The result of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor size index ( P<0.001), arterial phase CT value ( P<0.001), venous phase CT value ( P<0.001), shape ( P<0.001), edge ( P=0.004), growth pattern ( Pintracavity with extracavity=0.004), degree of cystic necrosis ( PⅡ degree=0.003, PⅢ degree=0.002), enlarged feeding arteries ( P=0.001), and vascular-like enhancement ( P=0.004) were all related to DST risk classification. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that tumor size index was an independent risk factor for predicting DST risk classification ( OR=1.35, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.10 to 1.65, P=0.003). The result of ROC analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve for tumor size index in predicting DST risk classification was 0.909 (95% CI 0.841 to 0.977), with sensitivity of 82.1% and specificity of 92.9%. Conclusion:Tumor size index based on CT imaging has good predictive performance for DST risk classification, and provides valuable assistance for clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Objective:To evaluate the role of computed tomography (CT) imaging features in predicting the risk classification of duodenal stromal tumor (DST), so as to assist clinical treatment decision-making.Methods:A total of 109 patients with DST confirmed by surgical pathology at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively enrolled from November 1, 2013 to November 30, 2022. According to the National Institutes of Health risk classification criteria, the 109 DST patients were divided into low-risk group (including very low- and low-risk patients, 70 cases) and high-risk group (including moderate- and high-risk patients, 39 cases). The CT features of the 2 groups were collected, including arterial and venous phase CT values, tumor size index, shape (regular or not), edge (clear or not), growth pattern (intracavity, extracavity or both), degree of cystic necrosis (0 degree, Ⅰ degree, Ⅱ degree, Ⅲ degree), and the presence of enlarged feeding arteries and vascular-like enhancement were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the CT features related to DST risk classification. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to assess the predictive value of the features.Results:The result of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor size index ( P<0.001), arterial phase CT value ( P<0.001), venous phase CT value ( P<0.001), shape ( P<0.001), edge ( P=0.004), growth pattern ( Pintracavity with extracavity=0.004), degree of cystic necrosis ( PⅡ degree=0.003, PⅢ degree=0.002), enlarged feeding arteries ( P=0.001), and vascular-like enhancement ( P=0.004) were all related to DST risk classification. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that tumor size index was an independent risk factor for predicting DST risk classification ( OR=1.35, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.10 to 1.65, P=0.003). The result of ROC analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve for tumor size index in predicting DST risk classification was 0.909 (95% CI 0.841 to 0.977), with sensitivity of 82.1% and specificity of 92.9%. Conclusion:Tumor size index based on CT imaging has good predictive performance for DST risk classification, and provides valuable assistance for clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive population and explore its influencing factors.Methods Cluster sampling was used,continuous 205 cases who were diagnosed as HIV positive from December 16,2002 to June 30,2012 in Zhuhui district and Yanfeng district of Hunan province and could be followed up and traced were enrolled in the study.All patients were screened after informed content through questionnaire,sputum smear examination,chest X-ray examination,liquid culture (BACTECTM MGITTM 960 operating system),mycobacterium species identification (for liquid culture positive) and CD4 testing.Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the impacts of different sex,age,and TB suspect syndromes,etc.Results Of 205 cases,19 were diagnosed as tuberculosis.The rate of TB/HIV was 9.3％.Univariate analysis showed that age,annual household net income,being acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and with TB suspect syndromes had significant impacts on tuberculosis combining (P ＜ 0.05).While multivariate analysis showed that age (OR =1.443) and TB suspect syndromes (OR =3.124) were risk factors influencing TB combining in people living with HIV (PLHIVs).Conclusions TB prevalence in HIV positive population was higher in Zhuhui district and Yanfeng,those aged and with TB suspect syndromes cases had higher risk to develop tuberculosis.TB screening should be reinforced in HIV positive population.