Tooth preparation is the primary and core operation technique for dental esthetic restoration treatment, due to its effect of providing restoration space, bonding interfaces and marginal lines for dental rehabilitation after tooth tissue reduction. The concept of microscopic minimal invasive dentistry put forward the issue of conducting high-quality tooth preparation, conserve tooth-structure, protect vital pulp and periodontal tissue simultaneously. This study reviewed the concepts, physiology background, design and minimal invasive microscopic tooth preparation, and in the meantime, individualized strategies and the two core elements of tooth preparation (quantity and shape) are listed.
Dental Porcelain ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Esthetics, Dental ; Tooth Preparation

Objective: To study application effect of cardiac remote real-time monitoring system in pre-hospital rescue. Methods: A total of 400 patients with coronary heart disease complicated arrhythmia treated in our hospital were selected. They were chronologically and equally divided into routine monitoring group (received routine bedside 12-lead ECG examination and ECG results were checked regularly by physicians and nurses during bedtime) and remote monitoring group (wore cardiac remote monitoring alert reporter, results were recorded by multi-channel simultaneously and auto-delivery mode was activated). Abnormal results recorded by real-time monitoring and time to identify patient's abnormal condition were compared between two groups, and application effect was evaluated. Results: There were no significant difference in percentages of ventricular tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block, bundle branch block, premature ventricular contraction Lown grade I～II and≥grade III between two groups, P＞0. 05 all. Compared with routine monitoring group, there was significant rise in percentage of patient's abnormal condition identified within 10min (38％ vs. 52％), and significant reductions in percentages of patient's abnormal condition identified within 10～30min (44％ vs. 28％) in remote monitoring group, P＜0. 05 all. Conclusion: Cardiac remote real-time monitoring system possesses the advantages of rapid diagnosis, long transmission distance and simple operation, etc., which is worth extending.

Objective To investigate the expression changes of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor(suPAR)and soluble triggering receptors expressed by myeloid cell-1(sTREM-1)in serum of children with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)and their clinical significance.Methods A total of 92 cases of newly diag-nosed PNS children were selected in Central Hospital of Yidu Affiliated to Weifang Medical College from June 2014 to September 2016.According to presence or absence of acute tubular necrosis,they were divided into acute renal injury group(27 cases)and non-acute renal injury group(65 cases).According to pathology type,they were divided into mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(30 cases),focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(23 cases),membranous ne-phropathy(18 cases),minimal change disease(14 cases)and membrane proliferative glomerulonephritis(7 cases).In the same period,45 healthy children were selected as the healthy control group.The clinical data were collected.The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 were measured by adopting enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),uric acid(UA),urinary protein/creatinine,24 h urinary protein,urinary N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase(NAG)and β2-microglobulin(MG)in children with PNS were higher than those in the healthy control group,while serum albumin(ALB)was lower than that in the healthy con-trol group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 in PNS patients were(133.09 ± 62.48)ng/L and(79.29 ± 34.68),respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group[(31.11 ± 11.61)ng/L and(25.08 ± 8.10)ng/L](t=51.714,49.435;all P=0.000).The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 in acute renal injury group were(188.82 ± 32.21)ng/L and (109.11 ± 24.78)ng/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in non -acute renal injury group [(75.96 ± 28.69)ng/L and(52.23 ± 14.07)ng/L]and healthy control group[(31.11 ± 11.61)ng/L and (25.08 ± 8.10)ng/L](F=16 739.607,10 487.256,all P=0.000).The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 in children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membrane proliferative glomerulonephritis were higher than those with minimal change disease,membranous nephropathy and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the serum levels of suPAR and sTREM -1 were positively correlated with TC,TG,urinary protein/creatinine,24 h urinary protein, urinary NAG and β2-MG(all P <0.05),while negatively correlated with ALB(P <0.05). Conclusions The serum levels of suPAR and sTREM-1 are elevated in children with PNS,and which are related with acute renal injury and pathological type,which can reflect the degree of renal tubular disease and kidney function to a certain extent.

Objective:To explore the correlation between several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci on the gene of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)(including rs2736100、rs2853676) and the susceptibility to Hepatocellular carcinoma in Qingdao area.Methods:This case-control study included 165 diagnosed Hepatocellular carcinoma,195 with chronic hepatitis B and 402 Healthy people.Polymerase chain restriction fragment length polymorphism were performed to analyze the genotype of the loci on the gene of hTERT.Results:The frequency of TT genotype on rs2736100 were higher in the Hepatocellular carcinoma group compared to the control group、chronic hepatitis B and no HCC people(P＜0.05).The additive odds ratio of TT genotype for the risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma was 2.13、2.17 and 2.14.The frequency of AA genotype on rs2853676 were higher in the Hepatocellular carcinoma group compared to the control group、chronic hepatitis B and no HCC people (P＜0.05).The additive odds ratio ofTT genotype for the risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma was 3.42、2.39 and 3.02.Conclusion:There was a relationship between hTERT rs2736100 and rs2853676 polymorphism and susceptibility to Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To explore the prevalence of depressive disorder in the Mosuo ethnic minority in Ninglang district,Yunnan Province.Methods By stratified random sampling,1 121 Mosuo subjects aged 15 or above were selected and assessed by the MINI-international neuropsychiatric interview according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-V-TR Axis I Disorders-Patient Edition for mental disorders.Results The standardized time-point prevalence of major depressive disorder in Mosuo nationality was 1.74％,and 1.69％ (95 ％ CI =1.32％-2.15 ％) in males and 1.77％ (95 ％ CI =1.39％-2.15 ％) in females.There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of major depressive disorder between males and females (x2 =0.051,P＞0.05).The standardized time-point prevalence of dysthymic disorder in Mosuo nationality was 0.78％,and 0.66％ (95％ CI=0.54％-0.78％) in males and 0.88％ (95％ CI=0.74％-1.02％) in females (x2=1.232,P＞0.05).Those aged 40-54 years old had the highest adjusted prevalence of depressive episodes(1.48％ (95％CI=0.77％-2.18％)).Conclusion The prevalence of depressive disorder in Mosuo nationality is in a low level,and the middle-age Mosuo people has the highest time-point prevalence.

Objective To investigate the pathological changes of spinal cord tissues after spinal cord injury and their significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment of complete spinal cord injury.Methods Patients with complete spinal cord injury were selected.Mter rigorous ethical review and patient informed consent,damaged section of the spinal cord and necrotic tissue were removed and transplanted with the function biological material with autologous stem cell.The specimen of injured spinal cord collected during the operation were divided into three phases according to injury time:3 cases of acute phase (≤ 3 days),3 cases of subacute phase (4-14 days),and 1 case of chronic phase (＞ 14 days).The pathological changes of injured spinal cord tissue were observed through HE staining,and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α),tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α),microtubule-associated protein(MAP2) were detected by immunofluorescence.Results (1) HE staining showed that the acute injury mainly manifested as diffuse hyperemia and liquefaction,subacute injury infiltration of inflammatory cells and spinal cord liquefaction,and chronic injury mainly scar repair.(2)The fluorescence intensity (24.67 ±0.51) of HIF-1o in chronic injury was higher than acute (3.17 ± 0.40) and subacute injury (4.62 ± 0.48) (P ＜ 0.05),and the fluorescence intensity of subacute injury was higher than that of acute injury (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The fluorescence intensity (17.60 ± 1.17) of TNF-α in subacute injury was higher than that of acute injury (5.35 ± 0.33) and chronic injury (1.81 ± 0.17) (P ＜0.05);(4) The fluorescence intensity of MAP2 was 9.46 ±0.41 in acute injury,higher than 3.25 ± 0.42 in subacute injury and 1.16 ± 0.08 in chronic injury (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There are hypoxia,inflammation,neuronal apoptosis and repair in the spinal cord tissues after complete spinal cord injury,such as hyperemia,liquefaction,necrosis and gradual scar repair.The severity of inflammation and hypoxia significantly differs among different injury phases.The inflarmnatory cytokines are mainly active in the microenvironment during subacute injury.Hypoxia is mainly involved in the pathological changes of chronic injury.This can provide a new theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of complete spinal cord injury and the timing of surgical treatment.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of umbilical compress with anti-cancer Xiaogu formula in managing malignant ascites. Methods A total of 56 patients with malignant ascites who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into 28 patients in the treatment group and 28 patients in the control group. The control group was treated with one type of diuretic, and the treatment group was given umbilical compress using Anti-Cancer Xiaogu formula and diuretics. Both groups were treated for 14 days. The changes of abdominal girth, 24 h urine volume, ascites efficacy, TCM syndrome scores, quality of life and adverse reactions were observed. Results The decrease in the maximum depth difference of the ascites in the treatment group was significantly greater than that of the control group (1.16 ± 1.29 vs. 0.00 ± 1.34, Z=-2.553). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The decrease in abdominal girth in the treatment group was significantly larger than that in the control group (0.57 ± 0.55 vs. 2.61 ± 0.28, Z=-2.264). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The in 24-hour urine volume in the treatment group after intervention (-800.18 ± 64.12 vs.-683.57 ± 55.38, Z=-1.770) was no statistically significant (P>0.05). The response rate in the treatment group was 92.9％ (26/28), while that of the control group was 89.3％ (25/28).treatment group was 71.4％, while that of the control group was 35.7％. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The increase in KPS in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Anti-cancer Xiaogu umbilical cord combined with diuretic can reduce the degree of malignant ascites, alleviate clinical symptoms, improve quality of life and decrease the occurrence of adverse reactions when used concomitantly with diuretics in the management of malignant ascites.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary thrombosis embolism (PTE) is one of the most severe complications of perioperative radical mastectomy. Massive PTE is often accompanied by shock and hypotension which is characterized by rapid progression and high mortality. There is no standard for the treatment of these patients, which is thoracic surgery, and it is a critical issue in the thoracic surgeons. This article summarizes and analyzes the treatment of two patients with high-risk PTE at the early stage of postoperative lung cancer in our hospital. In addition, we discusses the diagnosis and treatment strategies of these cases to provide a reference for the thoracic surgeons. METHODS: We presented two patients with high-risk PTE at the early stage after thoracic surgery for radical surgery in our hospital back in 2017. One case was treated with intravenous venous interventional thrombolysis, and the other was treated with thrombolysis alone. The treatment effect of two patients and the complications during the treatment has been recorded to detail and summarized. RESULTS: Both patients were female who aged 66 and 61 years old. The time point of pulmonary embolism was 48 h and 45 h after operation, and the time of interventional thrombolysis was 70 minutes and 50 minutes after onset respectively. After 120 minutes and 100 minutes, the drainage after interventional thrombolysis was 4,690 mL and 520 mL respectively. The hospitalization time after thrombolysis was 21 days and 14 days respectively. There was no obvious complication through a follow-up of 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Early postoperative acute massive pulmonary embolism in lung cancer should be treated with pulmonary interventional thrombolysis as soon as possible. Compared with intravenous thrombolysis, pulmonary interventional thrombolysis shows accuracy, easy controlling of dosage, fast curative effect and low bleeding risk.
Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; therapy ; Pulmonary Embolism ; etiology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; adverse effects ; Thrombolytic Therapy

Objective To investigate serum lipid profiles in newly diagnosed patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using lipidomics and correlate these features with hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism associated with PCOS and obesity. Methods 32 newly-diagnosed PCOS women and 34 controls were enrolled and divided into obese and lean subgroups according to the body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters were collected. Serum lipid profiles including phospholipids, free fatty acids (FFAs), and bioactive lipids were analyzed using GC-MS and LC-MS. Results PCOS patients, in particular, the obese ones with fatty liver, have abnormal phosphatidylcholine (PC)/lysophospholipid (LPC) metabolism. PC was increased (16∶0, 18∶0, 18∶1, 18∶2, and 20∶4), while LPC was decreased (16∶0, 18∶0, and 18∶1; all P<0.05). Serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), were decreased significantly, and the long chain saturated fatty acid was increased. We also found that insulin stimulated the metabolism of PUFAs, but the androgen inhibits the metabolism of PUFAs by measuring their metabolites. Conclusion PCOS patients have metabolic disorders of phospholipids and PUFAs. Insulin stimulated while androgen inhibited PUFAs metabolism.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Compound Zhebei Granule (, CZBG) combined with chemotherapy on surface markers of leukemia stem cell (LSC) in the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODSSeventy-eight patients with AML received bone marrow aspiration and the percentages of CD34(+) CD123(+) and CD33(+) CD123(+) cells were tested using flow cytometry method. A total of 24 refractory or relapsed AML patients were enrolled and treated with one cycle of standard chemotherapy combined with CZBG. Bone marrow samples were obtained before and after treatment, and the percentages of CD34(+) CD123(+) and CD33(+) CD123(+) cells were examined by flflow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with refractory or relapsed AML patients, patients achieved remission had a significant lower percentage of CD34(+) CD123(+) cells(P<0.01) and CD33(+) CD123(+) cells (P<0.01), indicating that controlling the LSC percentage may be important for patients with AML to achieve sustainable remission. Compared with those before treatment, the expression levels of CD34(+) CD123(+) were significantly decreased after CZBG combined with chemotherapy treatment (P<0.01). The percentages of CD34(+) CD123(+) cells and CD33(+) CD123(+) in patients achieving complete remission after CZBG combined with chemotherapy treatment were both significantly lower than those in patients with nonremission (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONCZBG combining chemotherapy could reduce the percentages of CD34(+) CD123(+) and CD33(+) CD123(+) LSC, which might improve the clinical efficacy of refractory or relapsed AML.

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Remission Induction