Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Nephropathy FormulaⅠ(NF-Ⅰ)in rats with chronic renal failure(CRF).Methods A CRF model was established using continuous adenine gavage.After successful modeling,the rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,low-dose and high-dose of NF-Ⅰ groups,with 10 rats in each group.The group-specific interventions were administered.Renal histopathological changes were observed via hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,renal fibrosis was evaluated using Masson staining,collagen Ⅳ(Col-Ⅳ)expression in renal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry,and protein expression of focal adhesion kinase(FAK),Ras,and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)in renal tissues was analyzed via Western Blot.Additionally,in vitro experiments were performed to validate the effect of NF-Ⅰ on the FAK-Ras-MAPK signaling pathway.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group exhibited a significant increase in renal interstitial fibrosis area and elevated protein expression levels of Col-Ⅳ,FAK,Ras,and MAPK in renal tissues,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).In comparison to the model group,both the NF-Ⅰ low-dose and high-dose groups showed significant reductions in renal interstitial fibrosis area and downregulation of Col-Ⅳ,FAK,Ras,and MAPK protein expression levels,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05),while the effects in the high-dose group were superior.In vitro validation results demonstrated that,compared with the control group,the protein expression levles of cellular FAK,Ras and MAPK were decreased in drug-containing serum group(P＜0.05).Conclusion NF-Ⅰeffectively ameliorates renal fibrosis in CRF rats,potentially through suppression of the FAK-Ras-MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of fetal arrhythmia.Methods:1 500 pregnant women who underwent a regular prenatal examination in Cangnan Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from March 2018 to March 2020 were included in this study. These pregnant women underwent fetal echocardiography in the second trimester of pregnancy (24-26 weeks). We evaluated the condition of, and calculated the incidence of, fetal arrhythmia complicated by fetal cardiac structure abnormality . The diameters of the descending aorta, umbilical artery, and middle cerebral artery were compared between normal fetuses and arrhythmia fetuses.Results:Fetal arrhythmia was found in 131 pregnant women who were in the second trimester of pregnancy, with an incidence of fetal arrhythmia of 8.73%. Fetal arrhythmia and cardiac structure abnormality were detected in 19 pregnant women, with an incidence of fetal arrhythmia and cardiac structure abnormality of 1.27%. Fetal arrhythmia was detected in 131 (8.73%) pregnant women who were in the second trimester of pregnancy and it was detected in 32 (2.13%) pregnant women who were in the third trimester of pregnancy. Arrhythmia was detected in 18 (1.2%) newborns. Only 5 (0.33%) fetuses died during the perinatal period. Four (0.27%) fetuses had arrhythmia complicated by cardiac structure abnormality. One (0.07%) fetus was normal. The diameters of the descending aorta and middle cerebral artery were greater in normal fetuses than in arrhythmia fetuses in pregnant women who were in the second trimester of pregnancy, and the diameter of the umbilical artery was significantly smaller in normal fetuses than in arrhythmia fetuses ( t = -8.27-19.62, all P < 0.001). Conclusion:Echocardiography can effectively help diagnose fetal arrhythmia and observe abnormal cardiac structure. The imaging technique is of great clinical value in improving the diagnosis and treatment of fetal arrhythmia.