Objective To investigate the associations of serum transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and klotho expression levels with the severity of epilepsy and cognitive function in patients with epilepsy.Methods A total of 188 patients with epilepsy were enrolled as epilepsy group,and 188 healthy volunteers(without epilepsy)who underwent physical examinations during the same peri-od were recruited as control group.Based on seizure types,188 patients with epilepsy were further di-vided into partial seizure group(n=84)and generalized seizure group(n=104).According to the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)scores,the patients were also divided into cognition normal group(n=76)and cognition impairment group(n=112).Enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay(ELISA)was utilized to measure the serum levels of TGF-β1 and klotho.Spearman correlation analy-sis was conducted to explore the correlations of serum levels of TGF-β1 and klotho with the severity of epilepsy as well as cognitive function.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to iden-tify the factors influencing cognitive function in patients with epilepsy.Results The serum levels of TGF-β1 and klotho in the epilepsy group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The serum levels of TGF-β1 and klotho in the generalized seizure group were significantly lower than those in the partial seizure group,and the National Hospital Seizure Severity Scale(NHS3)score was significantly higher than that in the partial seizure group(P＜0.05).There were negative correlations of serum levels of TGF-β1 and klotho with the severity of epilepsy(P＜0.05).The levels of TGF-β1 and klotho in the cognition impairment group were significantly lower than those in the cognition normal group(P＜0.05).Negative correlations were observed between serum levels of TGF-β1 as well as klotho and cognitive function(P＜0.05).TGF-β1 and klotho were identified as significant factors influencing cognitive function in patients with epilepsy(P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of TGF-β1 and klotho are significantly decreased in patients with ep-ilepsy,and they are negatively correlated with the severity of epilepsy and closely associated with cognitive function.

Objective To investigate the value of detection of serum LDH,AST,CK and LDH and TNF-α of CSF in the acute phase of adult intracranial infection.Methods Seventy-seven patients with acute stage of intracranial infection in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the observation group,and 60 patients with non-infectious nervous system diseases were selected as the control group.The levels of serum LDH,AST and CK,and LDH and TNF-α levels of CSF within 7 d after onset were compared between the two groups and the subgroup analysis was performed.Results The levels of serum LDH,AST and CK,and TNF-α and LDH of CSF in the infection group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);LDH level of CSF in the purulent meningitis and tuberculous meningitis groups was significantly higher than that in the viral encephalitis group (P＜0.05);the level of TNF-α of CSF in the purulent meningitis was significantly higher than that in the tuberculous meningitis and viral meningitis groups (P＜0.05).Conclsion Detecting serum LDH,AST and CK,and LDH and TNF-α levels of CSF is conducive to the auxiliary diagnosis of intracranial infection,meanwhile has a certain discriminating value for the causes of intracranial infection.

BACKGROUND:Immunotherapy with autologous immune cel s has been developed as a major adjuvant therapy for malignant tumors, but its mechanism of action has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between cytokine-induced kil er cel secretion and apoptosis in human liver cancer stem cel s. METHODS:Human liver cancer stem cel s, HepG2 cel s, were isolated and enriched using serum-free suspension method. The peripheral blood mononuclear cel s from patients with liver cancer were induced byγ-interferon, CD3 monoclonal antibody and recombinant human interleukin-2 to form kil er cel s. Passage 1 liver cancer stem cel s were divided into control group (culture alone) and experimental group (co-culture of cytokines-induced kil er cel s and human liver cancer stem cel s). At 48 hours after culture, apoptosis in human liver cancer stem cel s was detected using flow cytometry, and expression of caspase-3 mRNA and protein was detected using RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The apoptotic rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the experimental group (P<0.05). The expressions of caspase-3 at mRNA and protein levels were both higher in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05). Experimental findings show that cytokines-induced kil er cel s can significantly promote apoptosis in human liver cancer stem cel s, and up-regulate the caspase-3 mRNA and protein expressions dramatical y.

Objective To investigate the expression of proteinase active receptor 2(PAR2)protein in hepatocellular carcino-ma(HCC)and portal vessel tumor thrombosis(PVTT)to evaluate its clinical value.Methods Immunofluorescence,RT-PCR and Western blot were used to examine the expression of PAR2 protein in cancer tissue,tumor thrombosis and cancer-adjacent normal tissue from 21 patients with HCC.Results The expression pattern of PAR2 protein was different cancer tissue and cancer-adjacent normal tissue.PAR2 labeling index was significantly higher in cancer tissue and PVTT than cancer-adjacent normal tissue(P <0.05).Although PAR2 labeling index was lower in cancer tissue than in tumor thrombosis,no statistical significance was observed in PAR2 labeling index between them(P >0.05).Conclusion PAR2 is over-expressed in HCC and PVTT.PAR2 expression is re-lated with the development and progression of HCC.

Objective To explore the effect of liensinine on cortical EEG of epileptic rats induced by lithium chloride-pilocarpine,and investigate the effective spectrum of liensinine on epilepsy.Methods 32 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:low dose of liensinine group(2.5 mg/mL, 10μL),high dose of liensinine group(5 mg/mL,10μL),the normal saline group(10μL)which was negative control group,levetiracetam group (100 mg/mL,10μL)which was positive control group,8 rats in each group.Electrocorticogram of rats was recorded after chloride lithium-pilocarpine model was induced.The anesthetic rats were fixed on stereotaxic apparatus after the epilepsy model was confirmed by ethology.A trochar was put into the left lateral ventricle.Rats were implanted with epidural recording electrodes.After the cortical EEG was recorded about 30 minutes, liensinine (at concentration of 2.5,5 mg/mL),levetiracetam and 0.9% sodium chloride was injected into lateral ventricle.Electrocorticogram was recorded about 150 minutes again.The frequency of epileptic discharge was observed every 30 minutes.The differences of frequency in the same group and the different change of frequency between groups at the same period were compared.Results The frequency of epileptic discharge decreased in low dose of liensinine group,high dose of liensinine group and levetiracetam group after administration ,there was significantly statistical difference in low dose of liensinine group after administration about 60 minutes(P<0.01 ),there was significant statistics difference in high dose of liensinine group after administration about 30 minutes(P<0.01),and the same change in levetiracetam group within 30 minutes after administration(P<0.01);the change of frequency of epileptic discharge was no significantly statistical difference between pro-and post-administration in the normal saline control group.The difference of the frequency change in epileptic discharge at the same period between liensinine group and levetiracetam group was observed ,there was statistic difference between low dose of liensinine group and levetiracetam group at the period of thirty to sixty minutes after administration,there was no statistic difference at other periods;there was no statistic difference between high dose of liensinine group and levetiracetam group at every period.Conclusion Liensinine could inhibit the epileptic discharges in acute model of epileptic rats induced by chloride lithium-pilocarpine.