Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)for the simultaneous determination of gefitinib,erlotinib,nillotinib and imatinib plasma concentrations and analyze the results.Methods The plasma samples were treated with acetonitrile precipitation and separated by Diamonsil C18 column(150 mm ×4.6 mm,3.5 μm)with mobile phase of 0.1％formic acid water(A)-0.1％formic acid acetonitrile(B).The flow rate of gradient elution was 0.7 mL·min-1,and the column temperature was 40 ℃ and the injection volume was 3 μL.Using arotinib as the internal standard,the scanning was carried out by using electrospray ionization source in positive ionization mode with multi-reaction monitoring.The specificity,standard curve,lower limit of quantitation,precision,accuracy,recovery rate,matrix effect and stability of the method were investigated.The concentrations of imatinib and erlotinib in 20 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML)and gefitinib and erlotinib in 3 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were measured.Results The standard curves of the four drugs were as follows,gefitinib:y=2.536 × 10-3x+9.362 × 10-3(linear range 20-2 000 ng·mL-1,R2=0.996 6);erlotinib:y=3.575× 10-3x+7.406 × 10-3(linear range 50-5 000 ng·mL-1,R2=0.994 9);nilotinib:y=1.945 x 10-3x+0.015 643(linear range 50-5 000 ng·mL-1,R2=0.990 6);imatinib:y=4.56 x 10-3x+0.010 451(linear range 100～104 ng·mL-1,R2=0.9963).RSD of intra-day and inter-day were less than 10％,and the accuracy ranged from 90％to 110％,and the recovery rates were 91.35％to 98.93％(RSD＜10％);the matrix effect ranged from 91.64％to 107.50％(RSD＜10％).Determination of 23 patients showed that the blood concentration of nilotinib ranged from 623.76 to 2 934.13 ng·mL-1,and the blood concentration of imatinib ranged from 757.77 to 2 637.71 ng·mL-1,and the blood concentration of gefitinib ranged from 214.76 to 387.40 ng·mL-1.The serum concentration of erlotinib was 569.57 ng·mL-1.Conclusion The method of this research is simple,fast,sensitive and dedicated,which can be monitored by the concentration of clinical blood.

Objective:To investigate the associations of onset age, diabetes duration, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels with ischemic stroke risk in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods:The participants were from Comprehensive Research on the Prevention and Control of the Diabetes in Jiangsu Province. The study used data from baseline survey from December 2013 to January 2014 and follow-up until December 31, 2021. After excluding the participants who had been diagnosed with stroke at baseline survey and those with incomplete information on onset age, diabetes duration, and HbA1c level, a total of 17 576 type 2 diabetes patients were included. Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio ( HR) and 95% CI of onset age, diabetes duration, and HbA1c level for ischemic stroke. Results:During the median follow-up time of 8.02 years, 2 622 ischemic stroke cases were registered. Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model showed that a 5-year increase in type 2 diabetes onset age was significantly associated with a 5% decreased risk for ischemic stroke ( HR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.99). A 5-year increase in diabetes duration was associated with a 5% increased risk for ischemic stroke ( HR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10). Higher HbA1c (per 1 standard deviation increase: HR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.13-1.21) was associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke. Conclusion:The earlier onset age of diabetes, longer diabetes duration, and high levels of HbA1c are associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetes patients.

Objective:To investigate the value of serum free light chain(sFLC)and serum calcium ion in the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma(MM).Methods:Forty patients with MM treated in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 40 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group.The differences of sFLC-κ,sFLC-λ,sFLC-κ/λ,serum calcium ions,etc between the two groups were compared.Meanwhile,the differences of sFLC-κ,sFLC-λ,sFLC-κ/λ,serum calcium ions,etc in different international staging systems(ISS),chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis patients were analyzed.Results:The levels of sFLC-κ[(98.39±21.19)vs(12.01±4.45)mg/L],sFLC-λ[(210.20±45.54)vs(14.10±5.11)mg/L]and proportions of hypocalcemia(65％vs 0)in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05),while sFLC-κ/λ ratio[(0.44±0.10)vs(0.87±0.12)]and serum calcium ions[(1.98±0.46)vs(2.42±0.40)mmol/L]were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The sFLC-κ,sFLC-λ,the proportion of hypocalcemia and the course of hypocalcemia in ISS stage Ⅲ patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients(P＜0.05),while sFLC-κ/λ ratio,and serum calcium ions were significantly lower than those in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients(P＜0.05).The levels of sFLC-κ[(107.76±21.22)vs(94.67 ±20.11)mg/L],sFLC-λ[(245.54±41.12)vs(205.54±50.22)mg/L]of patients with hypocalcemia in the observation group was significantly higher than those without hypocalcemia(P＜0.05),while the sFLC-κ/λ ratio was significantly lower than those without hypocalcemia[(0.42±0.04)vs(0.47±0.06);P＜0.05].The levels of sFLC-κ[(107.29±20.14)vs(91.11±18.92)mg/L],sFLC-λ[(247.98±42.26)vs(179.29±39.32)mg/L]in patients with ineffective chemotherapy were significantly higher than those in patients with effective chemotherapy(P＜0.05),while the sFLC-κ/λ ratio was significantly lower than those in patients with effective chemotherapy[(0.43± 0.10)vs(0.50±0.09);P＜0.05)].The area under the ROC curve for sFLC-κ,sFLC-λ,sFLC-κ/λ predicting ineffective chemotherapy was 0.803,0.793 and 0.699 respectively,P＜0.05.There was no significant difference in sFLC-κ,sFLC-λ,sFLC-κ/λ ratio,serum calcium ion,hypocalcemia ratio and hypocalcemia course between survival and death patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion:sFLC and serum calcium are related to 1SS stage of MM patients.sFLC level has a certain value to predict the curative effect of chemotherapy in MM patients.However,the prognostic values of sFLC and serum calcium are not yet confirmed for MM patients.

The DNA of the two samples was amplified by PCR using the GSTARTM 30X and AGCU X19 commercial kits,respectively,and it was found that the genotyping of the two kits was different at the DXS10103 locus,with a difference of 2 base pairs.After analyzing the sequence information of DXS10103 locus,it was found that there is a repeat sequence of[CA]from base 48 to base 29 at the 5′ end upstream of the core repeat sequence.After high-throughput sequencing detection,2-base[CA]insertion was found in the repetitive structure of the flanking sequence.The positioning of the forward primer in the GSTARTM 30X kit was strategically located near the core sequences,effectively preventing any interference from the[CA]repeated sequence in the surrounding sequence.In contrast,the AGCU X19 kit amplification region included a repeat structure of the[CA]dinucleotide,a 2-base insertion was detected in the two samples,and stutters due to the repeat structure of the flanking sequence were detected.A similar situation also exists for the D21S1270 locus.Based on the findings in this study,when designing primers for the locus,it is recommended to avoid repetitive sequences in the flanking regions to prevent the occurrence of mutations in the flanking sequences and the resulting effects of stutter.

The DNA of the two samples was amplified by PCR using the GSTARTM 30X and AGCU X19 commercial kits,respectively,and it was found that the genotyping of the two kits was different at the DXS10103 locus,with a difference of 2 base pairs.After analyzing the sequence information of DXS10103 locus,it was found that there is a repeat sequence of[CA]from base 48 to base 29 at the 5′ end upstream of the core repeat sequence.After high-throughput sequencing detection,2-base[CA]insertion was found in the repetitive structure of the flanking sequence.The positioning of the forward primer in the GSTARTM 30X kit was strategically located near the core sequences,effectively preventing any interference from the[CA]repeated sequence in the surrounding sequence.In contrast,the AGCU X19 kit amplification region included a repeat structure of the[CA]dinucleotide,a 2-base insertion was detected in the two samples,and stutters due to the repeat structure of the flanking sequence were detected.A similar situation also exists for the D21S1270 locus.Based on the findings in this study,when designing primers for the locus,it is recommended to avoid repetitive sequences in the flanking regions to prevent the occurrence of mutations in the flanking sequences and the resulting effects of stutter.

ObjectiveThis article aims to investigate the clinical features of portal biliopathy （PB） patients， in order to improve the understanding of PB. MethodsClinical data were collected from 22 patients who were diagnosed with PB in recent years in The First Hospital of Jilin University， and an analysis was performed for their clinical manifestations， liver function， abdominal color Doppler ultrasound， abdominal CT， and hepatobiliary magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging manifestations of biliary tract abnormalities were described， as well as the type of collateral circulation and the location of thrombosis. ResultsAs for the initial symptom in these 22 patients， three were 11 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding， 5 with abdominal distension， 3 with abdominal pain， 1 with fever， 1 with abdominal discomfort， and 1 with gingival bleeding. There were 3 patients with an increase in aspartate aminotransferase， 4 with an increase in alanine aminotransferase， 4 with an increase in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase， 7 with an increase in alkaline phosphatase， 8 with a reduction in cholinesterase， 9 with a reduction in albumin， 2 with an increase in globulin， and 5 with an increase in total bilirubin. Among the 22 patients， 20 had cavernous transformation of the portal vein， and 2 had portal vein thrombosis without cavernous transformation. All 22 patients had bile duct abnormalities， among whom 2 had extrahepatic bile duct abnormalities alone， 12 had intrahepatic bile duct dilatation alone， and 8 had dilatation of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. Varices at different sites were observed in 20 patients， among whom 19 had esophageal and gastric varices and 1 had peri-gallbladder varices， and no varices was observed in the superior mesenteric vein or the splenic vein. ConclusionThere are no typical clinical symptoms and changes in liver function parameters in patients with PB， but radiological examination may show dilatation， stenosis， or malformation of the bile ducts at different parts. Therefore， it is necessary to expand the sample size to further explore the diagnosis and treatment of PB.

In China, the current standard for cosmetic adverse reactions related skin disease (GB/T 17149.1-1997) was jointly issued by the Ministry of Health and the State Bureau of Technical Supervision in 1997, cosmetic-allergic adverse reactions include allergic contact dermatitis and photo-allergic contact dermatitis according to this standard. The increasing use and changes in cosmetic ingredients or formula lead to a significant increase for the incidence of adverse reactions as the cosmetics industry is developing rapidly in the last 20 years. In the meantime, the clinical manifestations have become more diverse. In recent years, there have been many reports on the special manifestations for cosmetic allergy and allergen test, which provide a reference for the subsequent improvement of the diagnosis and prevention.
Humans ; Patch Tests/adverse effects* ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/therapy* ; Cosmetics/adverse effects* ; China ; Incidence ; Allergens/adverse effects*

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of preoperative lipid metabolism level on the postoperative prognosis of non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). 【Methods】 Clinical data of NMIBC patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital during Mar.2014 and May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the optimal cutoff values of all lipid metabolism indicators were determined and patients were classified accordingly. The independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence were identified with Cox regression model. The survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was compared using log-rank tests. A recurrence risk prediction model was established based on the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and other clinic pathological factors and the accuracy of prediction was evaluated with the area under the ROC curve (AUC). 【Results】 Cox multivariate analysis showed HDL, tumor number, tumor size and histological grade were independent risk factors for recurrence (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that RFS was significantly longer in the high-HDL group than in the low-HDL group (P<0.001). Incorporating HDL, tumor number, tumor size, histological grade, and tumor stage into the recurrence risk model, the AUC was 0.706, and internal cross validation showed the AUC was 0.711. 【Conclusion】 Preoperative HDL is an independent risk factor affecting the RFS of patients with NMIBC, and combining it with clinic pathological factors will improve the prediction of tumor recurrence.

【Objective】 To share the technical key points and experience of transvesical robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (TvRARP). 【Methods】 The clinical data of 13 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) receiving TvRARP during Nov.2021 and May 2022 were collected. The operation time, estimated blood loss, blood transfusion rate, catheter removal time, postoperative length of hospital stay, immediate urinary continence rate, postoperative IIEF-5 score and perioperative complications were evaluated. 【Results】 The operation time was (142±39) min, estimated intraoperative blood loss was (76±40) mL, and no transfusion was needed. The median postoperative IIEF-5 score was 16 (12-22), hospital stay 3 (2-5)days, and catheter removal time 7(5-14)days. Of all 13 patients, 12(92.3%) achieved immediate urinary continence at the removal of catheter. There were no postoperative complications of Clavien Ⅲ and above. Clavien Ⅰ-Ⅱ complications were observed in 4 patients (30.8%). 【Conclusion】 TvRARP is feasible and safe for selected patients with clinically localized PCa, which can ensure promising postoperative urinary continence and preserve erectile functional.

Liver disease is one of the major problems affecting human health. Ultrasound plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of diffuse and focal liver diseases. However, conventional ultrasound evaluation is subjective and provides limited information. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may supplement the disadvantages of conventional ultrasound and has been widely used in the field of ultrasound in liver diseases. To date, remarkable progress has been achieved for the use of AI technology in the diagnosis, assessment of therapeutic efficacy and prognosis prediction of liver diseases. This paper reviews the research progress of ultrasound image-based AI technology in the diagnosis and treatment of diffuse and focal liver diseases.