OBJECTIVE: To assess the independent and combined effects of air pollutants, meteorological factors, and greenspace exposure on new tuberculosis (TB) cases. METHODS: TB case data from Shanghai (2013-2018) were obtained from the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Environmental data on air pollutants, meteorological variables, and greenspace exposure were obtained from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center. We employed a distributed-lag nonlinear model to assess the effects of these environmental factors on TB cases. RESULTS: Increased TB risk was linked to PM _2.5, PM ₁₀, and rainfall, whereas NO ₂, SO ₂, and air pressure were associated with a reduced risk. Specifically, the strongest cumulative effects occurred at various lags: PM _2.5 ( RR = 1.166, 95% CI: 1.026-1.325) at 0-19 weeks; PM ₁₀ ( RR = 1.167, 95% CI: 1.028-1.324) at 0-18 weeks; NO ₂ ( RR = 0.968, 95% CI: 0.938-0.999) at 0-1 weeks; SO ₂ ( RR = 0.945, 95% CI: 0.894-0.999) at 0-2 weeks; air pressure ( RR = 0.604, 95% CI: 0.447-0.816) at 0-8 weeks; and rainfall ( RR = 1.404, 95% CI: 1.076-1.833) at 0-22 weeks. Green space exposure did not significantly impact TB cases. Additionally, low temperatures amplified the effect of PM _2.5 on TB. CONCLUSION Exposure to PM _2.5, PM ₁₀, and rainfall increased the risk of TB, highlighting the need to address air pollutants for the prevention of TB in Shanghai.
China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology* ; Incidence ; Meteorological Concepts ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects* ; Environmental Exposure ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Air Pollution ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy and safety of inhaled salbutamol sulfate combined with beclomethasone dipropionate in the treatment of pediatric bronchial asthma. METHODS: A total of 106 children with bronchial asthma treated from December 2022 to November 2023 were randomly assigned to a control group (n=53) and a treatment group (n=53). The control group received conventional symptomatic management plus salbutamol sulfate, while the treatment group received additional inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate. The symptom relief time, asthma control status, complete blood count parameters, interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels, infection incidence, and adverse event rate were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the treatment group had shorter times to symptom relief and complete symptom resolution (P<0.05). After 7 days of therapy, the treatment group showed higher asthma control score, IFN-γ level, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio than the control group (P<0.05), and lower neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, IL-4 level, infection incidence, and overall adverse event rate (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Inhaled salbutamol sulfate combined with beclomethasone dipropionate improves clinical efficacy, promotes T helper 1/T helper 2 immune balance, optimizes multiple hematologic indices, and demonstrates good safety in children with bronchial asthma.
Humans ; Beclomethasone/adverse effects* ; Asthma/immunology* ; Albuterol/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Administration, Inhalation ; Child, Preschool ; Interleukin-4/blood* ; Interferon-gamma/blood* ; Adolescent ; Drug Therapy, Combination

Objective:To explore the relationship between monocyte-lymphocyte ratio(MLR),modified Glasgow prognostic score(mGPS)and the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 106 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy in our hospital from April 2018 to April 2021,the patients were followed up for 3 years after the operation.MLR and mGPS scores of patients with different clinical characteristics were compared.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival differences of patients in different MLR and mGPS groups,and the survival curves were plotted.The Cox regression model was used to analyze variables such as clinical characteristics,laboratory indicators,MLR and mGPS scores,and to screen out the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was constructed to evaluate the efficacy of MLR,mGPS scores and their combination in predicting poor prognosis efficiency of patients,and the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results:MLR and mGPS scores were correlated with tumor TNM stage,degree of differentiation,tumor diameter,lymph node metastasis and postoperative chemotherapy(P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rates of the MLR ≥0.3 group and mGPS ≥ 1 group were 45.20％and 50.00％respectively,which were much lower than those in the low MLR group and mGPS group(78.40％and 82.40％,P＜0.05).The survival rate in the high-risk group(MLR ≥0.3 and mGPS ≥ 1)was 29.41％,significantly lower than those in the medium and low-risk groups(P＜0.05).Cox multivariate analysis showed that high clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,high degree of differentiation,high MLR and high mGPS scores were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.ROC curve showed that the AUC of MLR and mGPS scores alone in predicting poor prognosis of patients was 0.756 and 0.842,respectively,the AUC of combination detection the two was 0.909,the predictive efficacy of the combination detection was significantly better than that of the single detection.Conclusion:Elevated MLR and mGPS scores can be used as independent prognostic indicators after advanced gastric cancer,the combination in predicting is helpful to provide a more accurate basis for clinical prognosis assessment.

Objective:To explore the relationship between monocyte-lymphocyte ratio(MLR),modified Glasgow prognostic score(mGPS)and the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 106 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy in our hospital from April 2018 to April 2021,the patients were followed up for 3 years after the operation.MLR and mGPS scores of patients with different clinical characteristics were compared.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival differences of patients in different MLR and mGPS groups,and the survival curves were plotted.The Cox regression model was used to analyze variables such as clinical characteristics,laboratory indicators,MLR and mGPS scores,and to screen out the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was constructed to evaluate the efficacy of MLR,mGPS scores and their combination in predicting poor prognosis efficiency of patients,and the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity and specificity were calculated.Results:MLR and mGPS scores were correlated with tumor TNM stage,degree of differentiation,tumor diameter,lymph node metastasis and postoperative chemotherapy(P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rates of the MLR ≥0.3 group and mGPS ≥ 1 group were 45.20％and 50.00％respectively,which were much lower than those in the low MLR group and mGPS group(78.40％and 82.40％,P＜0.05).The survival rate in the high-risk group(MLR ≥0.3 and mGPS ≥ 1)was 29.41％,significantly lower than those in the medium and low-risk groups(P＜0.05).Cox multivariate analysis showed that high clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,high degree of differentiation,high MLR and high mGPS scores were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.ROC curve showed that the AUC of MLR and mGPS scores alone in predicting poor prognosis of patients was 0.756 and 0.842,respectively,the AUC of combination detection the two was 0.909,the predictive efficacy of the combination detection was significantly better than that of the single detection.Conclusion:Elevated MLR and mGPS scores can be used as independent prognostic indicators after advanced gastric cancer,the combination in predicting is helpful to provide a more accurate basis for clinical prognosis assessment.

Objective:To explore the mechanisms of Qianlie Jindan Tablets(QLJD)acting on chronic nonbacterial prostatitis(CNP)in rats based on non-targeted urine metabolomics.Methods:According to the body mass index,we equally randomized 30 eight-week-old male SD rats into a blank control,a CNP model control and a QLJD medication group.We established the CNP model in the latter groups and,from the 4th day of modeling,treated the rats in the blank and model control groups intragastrically with nor-mal saline and those in the QLJD medication group with QLJD suspension,qd,for 30 successive days.Then we detected the changes in the metabolites of the rats by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,and identified the differential metabolites in different groups by multivariate statistical analysis,followed by functional annotation of the differential metabolites.Results:Eight common metabolites were identified by metabolomics analysis,of which 5 were decreased in the CNP model controls and increased in the QLJD medication group,while the other 3 increased in the former and decreased in the latter group.Creatinine and genistein were important differential metabolites,and the arginine and proline metabolic pathways and isoflavone biosynthesis pathways were the main ones for QLJD acting on CNP.Compared with the blank controls,the model controls showed up-regulated arginine and proline metabolic pathways,increased production of creatinine,down-regulated isoflavone biosynthetic pathway and decreased produc-tion of genistein.The above changes in the model controls were all reversed in the QLJD medication group.Conclusion:QLJD acts effectively on CNP in male rats by regulating L-arginine and proline metabolic pathways,as well as the isoflavone biosynthesis pathway and naringenin metabolism.

This study used the zebrafish model to explore the hepatotoxicity of Rhododendri Mollis Flos(RMF). The mortality was calculated according to the number of the survival of zebrafish larvae 4 days after fertilization under different concentration of RMF, and the dose-toxicity curve was fitted to preliminarily evaluate the toxicity of RMF. The liver phenotypes under the sublethal concentration of RMF in the treatment group and the blank control group were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and acridine orange(AO) staining. Meanwhile, the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were determined to confirm the hepatotoxicity of RMF. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR) and Western blot were used to determine the expressions of genes and proteins in zebrafish larvae. Gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC-TOF-MS) was used to conduct untargeted metabolomics testing to explore the mechanism. The results showed that the toxicity of RMF to zebrafish larvae was dose-dependent, with 1 100 μg·mL~(-1) of the absolute lethal concentration and 448 μg·mL~(-1) of sublethal concentration. The hepatocyte apoptosis and degeneration appeared in the zebrafish larvae under the sublethal concentration of RMF. The content of ALT and AST in zebrafish larvae at the end of the experiment was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Under the sublethal concentration, the expressions of genes and proteins related to apoptosis in zebrafish larvae were significantly increased as compared with the blank control group. The results of untargeted metabolomics showed that the important metabolites related to the he-patotoxicity of RMF were mainly enriched in alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and other pathways. In conclusion, it is inferred that RMF has certain hepatotoxicity to zebrafish larvae, and its mechanism may be related to apoptosis.
Animals ; Zebrafish/genetics* ; Apoptosis ; Larva ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury

Background::Population-based epidemiological evidence regarding the association between fruit and vegetable intake and the incidence of hypertension is inconsistent. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of new-onset hypertension.Methods::Based on the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR), 58,981 Chinese adults without hypertension at baseline were included. Information on fruit and vegetable intake was collected using a food-frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident hypertension.Results::During 640,795 person-years of follow-up, 21,008 new cases of hypertension were recorded. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile (Q1) of total fruit and vegetable (TFV) intake, the HRs (95% CIs) of incident hypertension were 0.90 (0.86-0.95), 0.85 (0.81-0.90), 0.82 (0.78-0.86), and 0.83 (0.78-0.88) for the Q2 to Q5 group ( ptrend < 0.001), respectively. In further analyses categorizing participants according to the recommended intake level (500 g/day), we found that increasing the intake of TFV, even though it was still insufficient for the recommendation, also had a protective effect against the incident hypertension. When considering the intake of fruit or vegetable separately, we found similar trends as the TFV intake. Conclusion::These results suggest that a higher intake of fruit and vegetable is beneficial for preventing hypertension in Chinese adults.

Background::Population-based epidemiological evidence regarding the association between fruit and vegetable intake and the incidence of hypertension is inconsistent. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of new-onset hypertension.Methods::Based on the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR), 58,981 Chinese adults without hypertension at baseline were included. Information on fruit and vegetable intake was collected using a food-frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident hypertension.Results::During 640,795 person-years of follow-up, 21,008 new cases of hypertension were recorded. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile (Q1) of total fruit and vegetable (TFV) intake, the HRs (95% CIs) of incident hypertension were 0.90 (0.86-0.95), 0.85 (0.81-0.90), 0.82 (0.78-0.86), and 0.83 (0.78-0.88) for the Q2 to Q5 group ( ptrend < 0.001), respectively. In further analyses categorizing participants according to the recommended intake level (500 g/day), we found that increasing the intake of TFV, even though it was still insufficient for the recommendation, also had a protective effect against the incident hypertension. When considering the intake of fruit or vegetable separately, we found similar trends as the TFV intake. Conclusion::These results suggest that a higher intake of fruit and vegetable is beneficial for preventing hypertension in Chinese adults.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of thumb-tack needles based on "Biaoben acupoint compatibility" on sequela symptoms, mental state and pulmonary ventilation function in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during recovery period. METHODS: Fifty cases of COVID-19 during recovery period were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 25 cases in each group. The patients in the observation group were treated with thumb-tack needles at Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taiyuan (LU 9). The patients in the control group were treated with sham thumb-tack needles at identical acupoints as the observation group. The treatment in the two groups was given once a day, 7-day treatment was taken as a course of treatment, and totally two courses of treatment were given. The TCM symptom score, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score, pulmonary function (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1], peak expiratory flow [PEF]), the severity of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction and pulmonary imaging changes in the two groups were compared before and after treatment. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the total scores and each item scores of TCM symptom scale, HAMA scores and HAMD scores in the two groups were reduced after treatment (P<0.05). Except for the symptom scores of dry throat and dry stool, the total score and each item score of TCM symptom scale, HAMA score and HAMD score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared before treatment, FVC, FEV1 and PEF in the two groups were increased after treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). The severity of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the two groups was reduced after treatment (P<0.05), and the severity in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the lung shadow area in the two groups was decreased (P<0.05), and that in the observation group was smaller than the control group (P<0.05). The improvement of imaging change in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The thumb-tack needles based on "Biaoben acupoint compatibility" could significantly reduce the sequela symptoms, anxiety and depression in patients with COVID-19 during recovery stage, and improve the pulmonary ventilation function.
Acupuncture Points ; Anxiety/etiology* ; COVID-19/therapy* ; Depression/etiology* ; Humans ; Needles ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Thumb

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of filiform-fire needling of "Biaoben acupoint combination" on the sequelae of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the recovery period. METHODS: A total of 33 patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period were treated with filiform-fire needling at the acupoints of Mingmen (GV 4), Shenzhu (GV 12), Gaohuang (BL 43), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shangjuxu (ST 37), etc., once every other day, 3 times a week, and 3 times was one course of treatment and totally 2 courses of treatment were required. The TCM symptom, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) scores, pulmonary function indexes (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1], peak expiratory flow [PEF]) and chest CT imaging change were observed before and after treatment, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, the scores of TCM symptom, HAMA and HAMD were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels of FVC, FEV1 and PEF were increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the recovery rate of 22 patients with pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was 86.4% (19/22). After treatment, the lung shadow area was smaller than that before treatment (P<0.05). The effective rate of 25 patients with lung CT abnormalities was 84.0% (21/25). After treatment, 23 cases were cured, 5 cases were markedly effective, 4 cases were effective, 1 case was ineffective, the cured and markedly effective rate was 84.8%. CONCLUSION The filiform-fire needling of "Biaoben acupoint combination" could significantly reduce the sequelae of cough, fatigue, chest tightness, etc. and mental symptoms such as anxiety and depression in patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period, and promote inflammatory exudation absorption of pulmonary lesion and improve lung ventilation function.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; COVID-19/therapy* ; Humans ; Lung ; Vascular Surgical Procedures