OBJECTIVE: To explore the immunophenotypic characteristics of bone marrow granulocytes (G) and their clinical significance in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS: The granulocyte immunophenotypes of bone marrow in 70 MM patients (MM group) and 40 anemia patients (control group) were detected by flow cytometry, and its correlation with clinical characteristics was further analyzed. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to screen factors that affected prognosis. RESULTS: The CD56⁺G%, CD13⁺G%, CD22⁺G% and CD117⁺G% in MM group were higher than those in the control group (all P <0.05). CD56⁺G% and CD117⁺G% in CR⁺VGPR group were significantly lower than those in PR+MR+PD group (both P <0.05). The CD10⁺G% in RISS Ⅲ stage and Ca²⁺ ≥2.65 mmol/L groups were increased (both P <0.05). The CD56⁺G% in elevated lactate dehydrogenase, β₂-microglobulin≥5.5 mg/L and hemoglobin <85 g/L groups were increased (all P <0.05), while the CD117⁺G% in high-risk cytogenetic positive group was decreased (P <0.05). The expression rate of CD molecules on granulocytes was divided into low (L) and high (H) groups according to the median value. The overall survival (OS) of the LCD56⁺G%, LCD13⁺G% and LCD22⁺G% groups was significantly prolonged (all P <0.05). CD13⁺G% and CD22⁺G% were independent risk factors for OS in MM patients (HR=0.443, 0.410, both P <0.05). CONCLUSION The CD56⁺G%, CD10⁺G% and CD117⁺G% are closely correlated with clinical features in MM patients, while CD13⁺G% and CD22⁺G% are closely correlated with prognosis. Detection of CD molecules expression on granulocytes may be used to evaluate prognosis and guide treatment.
Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/immunology* ; Granulocytes/immunology* ; Prognosis ; Immunophenotyping ; Male ; Bone Marrow ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Clinical Relevance

Objective:To explore the characteristics of the immunophenotypic expression of bone marrow monocytes (M ) and its clinical significance in patients with multiple myeloma (MM ). Methods:The monocyte immunophenotypes expression of 67 MM and 30 anemic patients (control group)were detected by flow cytometry.The immunophenotypes that exhibited statistical differences from the control group were screened out.Further univariate and multivariate regression was used analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis. The effect of monocyte immunophenotype on the prognosis of MM was analyzed.The correlation of CD38+monocytes with clinical features was explored.Results:The percentages of CD138+monocytes (CD138+M％),CD27+monocytes (CD27+M％),and CD56+monocytes (CD56+M％)in the MM group were significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),but the percentages of CD38+monocytes (CD38+M％)and HLA-DR+monocytes (HLA-DR+M％)were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01 ).The median progression-free survival (PFS)was shorter in the low CD38+monocyte proportion (LCD38+M％)group compared to the high CD38+monocyte proportion (HCD38+M％) group.Additionally,the median overall survival (OS)was significantly shorter in the low CD138+monocyte proportion (LCD138+M％),low CD27+monocyte proportion (LCD27+M％),low CD38+monocyte proportion (LCD38+M％),and low HLA-DR+monocyte proportion (LHLA-DR+M％)groups.Cox regression analysis showed that the low CD38+M％ was an independent risk factor for OS.The LCD38+M％group had significantly higher proportions of involved/uninvolved free light chain ratios ≥100 and 1q21+compared to the HCD38+M％ group (P<0.05 ). Moreover,the proportion of CD38-myeloma cells was significantly higher in the LCD38+M％ group than that in the HCD38+M％ group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The expression of CD38+monocytes in bone marrow of MM patients is closely related to the prognosis and clinical characteristics.CD38+monocytes maybe used to predict prognosis and guide treatment decisions.

Neuropathic pain is a chronic disease that severely afflicts the life and emotional status of patients, but currently available treatments are often ineffective. Novel therapeutic targets for the alleviation of neuropathic pain are urgently needed. Rhodojaponin VI, a grayanotoxin from Rhododendron molle, showed remarkable antinociceptive efficacy in models of neuropathic pain, but its biotargets and mechanisms are unknown. Given the reversible action of rhodojaponin VI and the narrow range over which its structure can be modified, we perforwmed thermal proteome profiling of the rat dorsal root ganglion to determine the protein target of rhodojaponin VI. N-Ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion (NSF) was confirmed as the key target of rhodojaponin VI through biological and biophysical experiments. Functional validation showed for the first time that NSF facilitated trafficking of the Cav2.2 channel to induce an increase in Ca²⁺ current intensity, whereas rhodojaponin VI reversed the effects of NSF. In conclusion, rhodojaponin VI represents a unique class of analgesic natural products targeting Cav2.2 channels via NSF.

Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome/diagnosis*

OBJECTIVE: To detect the relationship between leukocytes derived microparticle (CD45 METHODS: The expression of CD45 RESULTS: The percentages of CD45 CONCLUSION High level of CD45
Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Leukocytes ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of CD44 METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to detected the proportion of CD44 RESULTS: The percentage of CD44 CONCLUSION HCD44
Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy* ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Prognosis ; Spleen

A 34-year-old female with stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is reported in this paper. She experienced short-term memory impairment and was diagnosed with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoimmune encephalitis (AE) at the local hospital. However, after the treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and high-dose glucocorticoids, her symptoms unchanged. Two months later, she was admitted to our hospital due to an unstable gait and persistent leg stiffness, at which point she was diagnosed as anti-GAD AE concomitant with SPS. Her clinical symptoms improved with an increased dose of ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-enhancing drug and plasma exchange. Anti-GAD antibody-associated AE combined with SPS is extremely rare. Treatment with GABA-enhancing drugs and appropriate immunotherapy can improve the neurological function of patients suffering from the combination of SPS and limbic encephalitis.

Metabolic disorders are classified clinically as a complex and varied group of diseases including metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Fat toxicity, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress, which may change cellular functions, are considered to play an essential role in the pathogenetic progress of metabolic disorders. Recent studies have found that cells secrete nanoscale vesicles containing proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and membrane receptors, which mediate signal transduction and material transport to neighboring and distant cells. Exosomes, one type of such vesicles, are reported to participate in multiple pathological processes including tumor metastasis, atherosclerosis, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Research on exosomes has focused mainly on the proteins they contain, but recently the function of exosome-associated microRNA has drawn a lot of attention. Exosome-associated microRNAs regulate the physiological function and pathological processes of metabolic disorders. They may also be useful as novel diagnostics and therapeutics given their special features of non-immunogenicity and quick extraction. In this paper, we summarize the structure, content, and functions of exosomes and the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of exosome-associated microRNAs in the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Adipose Tissue/metabolism* ; Animals ; Exosomes/physiology* ; Humans ; Metabolic Diseases/therapy* ; MicroRNAs/physiology* ; Tumor Microenvironment

Objective:To investigate the effects of Hydroxychloroquine on cell apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of systemic lupus erythematosus and its mechanisms.Methods:The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 active SLE patients and 15 healthy persons were separated for cell culture.There were four groups:control group,SLE group and HCQ 5 mg/L and HCQ 25 mg/L group.MTT was used to measure the inhibitory effect.Annexin V/PI flow cytometry was performed to analyze cell apoptosis.Western blot was used to evaluate the expressions of PI3 K,pAKt,mTOR,BCL-2,BAX and caspase-3.Besides,the PBMCs of SLE patients were treated with HCQ 25 mg/L and the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002 20 μmol/L and its cell growth inhibition and apoptosis were observed.Results:Compared with the control group,the cell growth inhibition and apoptosis rate of SLE patients group were significantly increased(P＜0.05);while the cell growth inhibition and apoptosis rate of HCQ 5 mg/L and 25 mg/L were increased significantly than the SLE patients group(P＜0.05).Compared with SLE patients group,the expression levels of PI3K,pAKt,mTOR and BCL-2 of HCQ group were significantly increased while the expression of BAX and caspase-3 decreased significantly (P＜ 0.05).The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002 could block the PBMCs apoptosis of SLE patients.Conclusion:Hydroxychloroquine can promote the PBMCs apoptosis of SLE patients by PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.