Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a common and serious complication of diabetes. Current treatment methods typically focus on controlling blood glucose levels, routine care, anti-infection, debridement, and other aspects. However, these approaches have not consistently yielded satisfactory results. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are characterized by their diverse sources, ease of acquisition, and low immunogenicity, making them a prominent topic of research area in the field of stem cells. ADSCs have emerged as a new strategy for the treatment of DFUs. This review aims to describe the pathophysiological characteristics of diabetic foot ulcers, the advantages and biological functions of ADSCs, and their mechanisms for promoting wound healing in DFUs, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the clinical application of ADSCs in the treatment of DFUs.

The anatomy of the superficial temporal artery and its branches exhibit individual differences, and traditional anatomical study method cannot objectively, truly, or accurately reflect the characteristics of individual anatomical structures. Based on three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction technology, the microstructure and blood supply range of individual superficial temporal arteries can be accurately explored. This article reviewed the anatomy of superficial temporal artery based on 3D reconstruction for clinical application by extensively reviewing the relevant literature on the research and application of 3D reconstruction of superficial temporal artery by CT angiography and magnetic resonance imaging in recent years, and provided precise anatomical reference for the 3D reconstruction technique of superficial temporal artery and related surgery.

Vaginal agenesis is one of the manifestations of malformations of the female genital tract, which can be caused by congenital developmental abnormalities or acquired factors such as perineal tumors, trauma or abstetric injuries. For transgender female patients, the absence of the vagina is primarily psychological. Vaginal reconstruction is used in women with a dysfunctional vagina and those who desire to become female, and can be divided into non-surgical and surgical treatment. In recent years, vaginal reconstruction has been further developed with advances in medical technology. This article provided an overview of the history of vaginal reconstruction and the advances in non-surgical and surgical treatment methods.

In recent years, studies have demonstrated that exosomes can replace mesenchymal stem cell for chronic wound repair. However, exosomes have some problems such as poor targeting, low availability and low yield, which collectively limit their therapeutic efficacy in chronic wound treatment. Maximizing the therapeutic benefits of exosomes is the primary challenge that needs to be overcome when used for chronic wound repair. Studies have shown that the treatment potential of exosomes can be further developed by pretreatment and engineering modification of exosomes. This article reviewed the research progress of exosome pretreatment and engineering modification in chronic wound repair, and provided reference for subsequent research and clinical application.

In recent years, the rise of single-cell sequencing technology has led to a new era in the study of the heterogeneity of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in adipose tissue, revealing abundant previously undiscovered cell subsets. Based on single-cell sequencing technology, this paper reviewed the recent progress of SVF cell subsets in white and brown adipose tissue.

In recent years, advances in the study of adipose tissue have driven new breakthroughs in nutritional metabolism, tissue engineering, tumor prevention and treatment, and other related fields. Currently, there are a variety of classifications for adipose tissue, and this paper provides an overview of five different types of adipose tissue(white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, beige adipose tissue, yellow adipose tissue, and pink adipose tissue) and their respective properties.

The management of chronic wounds presents significant challenges, characterized by a low rate of healing and substantial impairment of patients’ quality of life, while also exerting a considerable strain on healthcare resources. Wound healing is a multifactorial and dynamic process, necessitating close monitoring of wound changes and timely, appropriate interventions. Smart bandage/dressing, an innovative approach born from interdisciplinary research, offers a new generation of wound care. It enables dynamic quantitative monitoring of wound conditions; facilitates transdermal drug release and physical mode therapeutics; and adjusts interventions in real time based on monitoring outcomes. In comparison to traditional wound dressings, smart bandages exhibit attributes such as real-time responsiveness, precision, and convenience. They not only simplify wound management but also enhance patient comfort and compliance, showcasing potential as a safe and effective treatment modality. Smart bandages hold promise for elevating the efficiency of managing chronic wounds, reducing morbidity rates, alleviating the burden of disease, and ultimately improving patients’ quality of life. This paper summarized the recent research progress of smart bandages and provided insights into novel wound care strategies.

"Dog ear" deformity is a common skin tissue protrusion defect following surgical procedures. Persistent occurrence of "dog ear" deformity, which do not naturally recover, may impact postoperative aesthetics and the quality of life for patients, necessitating a secondary corrective surgical intervention. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the formation of "dog ear" deformities and the proficient application of suitable correction techniques are imperative for both plastic and dermatologic surgeons. This paper provides a summary of the mechanisms behind the formation of "dog ear" deformity and offers a detailed review of surgical treatment methods and strategies. It categorizes the treatments and indications based on different types and locations of "dog ear" deformity and includes surgical diagrams for reference.

Parotid hypertrophy is a non-neoplastic, non-inflammatory and chronic salivary gland enlargement, which leads to facial "swelling", especially in the lower and lateral parts of the face, weakens the aesthetic feeling, and adversely affects the mental health of patients to a certain extent. However, there is no standard clinical treatment. In recent years, studies have explored and confirmed that botulinum toxin type A injection showed a good clinical effect in the treatment of parotid hypertrophy. With the aim of providing reference for the clinical treatment, the review summarize the potential mechanism, methods and complications of botulinum toxin type A treating parotid hypertrophy.

The chest deformity resulting from ear reconstruction using autologous costal cartilage significantly impacts patients’ physical development and overall quality of life. In recent years, numerous scholars have conducted extensive research on the diagnostic and therapeutic processes of chest deformities following costal cartilage surgery. The objective of this article is to comprehensively review and summarize the measurement indicators, mechanisms, influencing factors, prevention strategies, and research advancements pertaining to chest deformity following costal cartilage surgery. This will serve as a valuable reference for enhancing clinical practices.