Objective To understand HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitude among different population groups in Rizhao.Method Self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitude among rural and urban residents,hotel attendants and government officers.Results The rates of right answers on HIV/AIDS related questions among the government officers,the urban residents,the hotel attendants and the rural residents were 83.38%,72.45%,72.33% and 66.36%,respectively.Conclusion Although different population groups in Rizhao city have relatively high awareness of HIV/AIDS,there still exist some deficiencies,and consequently education and publicity in this respect should be further strengthened.

Objective To investigate the effects of IL-15 eukaryotic expression plasmid on the Ag-specific immune responses induced by HPV 16 E7 vaccine in mice.Methods An eukaryotic expression plasmid encoding IL-15 gene coding region was constructed and named as pcDNA3.1IL-15.Female BALB/c mice were injected intramuscularly with pcDNA3.1-IL-15 and HPV16 E7 gene vaccine.After the immunization,the concentration of serum IFN-? were tested.Single-cell suspensions of splenocytes were prepared from mice and were re-stimulated with HPV16 E7 protein.Then,the T cell proliferation assay was measured by the MTT method.Results The concentration of serum IFN-? in mice after co-injection with pcDNA3.1-IL-15 and pcDNA3.1-E7 was raised to 414.1pg/ml,which was significantly higher than that of mice co-injected with pcDNA3.1 and pcDNA3.1-E7 or mice injected with pcDNA3.1-E7 only(P

Objective To understand the psychological status of the AIDS affected orphans in Henan Sunshine Homestead.Methods One hundred orphans from three Henan Sunshine Homesteads were investigated by questionnaire and depth-interviews.Results The study showed that the AIDS affected orphans were satisfied with their present living conditions in general,but still had some dissatisfaction.They valued peer relations,but were passive to contact strangers,and also felt lacking of care from the elderly.Nearly 70% of the orphans were some what introverted in nature,and some were in lack of thankful heart to managers of the Homestead and their patrons.

Objective To describe the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs)and to analyze trends of the distribution of reported STDs cases in FengTai district of Beijing from 2002 to 2008 so as to provide baseline information for STDs prevention and control.Methods Database of reported STDs cases in FengTai district from 2002 to 2008 was analyzed.Results A toal of 15,900 STDs cases were reported in Fengtai district from 2002 to 2008.Of the reported cases 10,579 were males,and 5,321 were females.The ratio of males to females was 1.99∶1.The age ranged from 4 days to 94 years;71.65% of the cases were aged 20-40 years.The ratio of the married to the bachelor was 2.68∶1.The majority of the STDs cases were workers(13.47%),officers(15.55)and unemployed(19.89%).The average incidence rate of overall STDs was 151.33 per 100 thousand per year.The average specific incidence rates of gonorrhea,condyloma acuminatum,nongonococcal urethritis,syphilis,genital herpes,HIV infection and AIDS were 43.57,38.77,36.97,23.61,4.51,3.21,and 0.69 per 100 thousand per year,respectively.Conclusion While the incidence rates of STDs has continued to decrease from 2002 to 2008,especially for nongonococcal urethritis and gonorrhea,the incidence rates of AIDS and syphilis are increasing.This trend may continue over the next few years.It is necessary to develop taygeted strategy to prevent and control STDs in Feng Tai district.

Objective To understand physical and mental health status of children affected with AIDS and other children living in vulnerable families in a pilot county of the China /UNICEF AIDS Prevention and Care Project.Methods By random sampling,250 children of 0-17 years of age in a project county in Yunnan province were selected from 3 types of family:with family members affected with AIDS,with family members using illicit drugs,and poor family.Height were measured to all 250 children.Psychological questionnaire was used to interview 154 children over 6 years.Results There was no significant difference in height,but significant differences in psychological status among children from the 3 types of families.Among the children affected with AIDS,near 68% had difficulty or were indecisive in coping with problems in their daily life ;58% were worried about peer interaction;67% were relatively self-confident,which was lower than children affected by drug abuse,and the latter was 89%.Conclusion The mental status of children from the 3 types of family is different,and community care should be provided by considering the difference between them.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of LongXueJieJiaoNang,a compound TCM preparation,on AIDS cases complicated with peripheral neuropathy.Methods Randomized double blind and double center prospective study was conducted for 62 AIDS cases which were divided into two groups: group A with 0.6g LongXueJieJiaoNang t i.d.,and group B with 0.5g inositol,t.i.d,for 2 months(60 days),and then the therapeutic effects were compared between the 2 groups.Results The symptoms,right common peroneal nerve sensory conduction velocity(RSCV),palmesthetic threshold were improved in the two groups with the group A better than the gtoup B(the rates of improvement were 78.0% and 48.4%、66.1% and 30.6%、67.7% and 48.4%,respectively).The total effective rate was 74.4% in group A and 37.5% in group B.Conclusion LongXueJieJiaoNang is effective for AIDS cases complicated with peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To study the metabolism of amino acids in AIDS patients for the purpose of providing appropriate nutritional support.Method High performance liquid chromatography combined with pre-column derivatization technology was used to detect free amino acids in plasma from 22 untreated AIDS patients,16 HAART treated AIDS patients and 30 healthy controls.Statistic analysis was performed through SPSS software.Results The concentration of alanine(Ala) was significantly increased and the concentration of phenoalanine(Phe) was remarkably decreased in AIDS patients as compared with the healthy controls(P

Objective To investigate the awareness of HIV/AIDS and risk behaviors among migrant workers at construction sites in Beijing. Methods The methods of cluster sampling was employed,a questionnaire survey was administered among 1000 migrant workers from two construction sites and a face-to-face interview with the informed consent was conducted in a limited scope.Results There was considerable disparity in the awareness of the routes of AIDS transmission;66.8% of the migrant workers were aware that the condom could reduce the risk of infection,but 51% of them had never used it.Only 2.3% of the migrant workers had sexual intercourse with female sex workers.Conclusion Although the migrant workers under survey have some basic knowledge on HIV/AIDS,their essential understanding was mostly vague,and financial condition have restricted to a great extent their risk behaviors.

A variety of opportunistic infections can occur in the late-stage of HIV-1 infection,Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is a common cause of disseminated bacterial infection. Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART),the rate of MAC infection has declined substantially,but there is risk in individuals with low CD4 cell counts. This article describes the epidemiological,clinical,therapeutic and preventive aspects of MAC infection in HIV-sero-positive individuals.

The study is to describe the main activities of NGOs involved in programs of China AIDS Global Fund Round 5 and analyze the advantage and necessity of their involvement in HIV/AIDS control. The experience and problems of NGOs ' involvement in AIDS Global Fund Programs,as well as appropriate approaches to address them are discussed.