Objective:Based on value orientation,it aimed to scientifically define the concept and connotation of accessibility to novel anticancer drugs,in order to deeply understand the nature and current status of the accessibility issues of novel anticancer drugs,and to provide a reference for the formulation and optimization of policies related to novel anticancer drugs.Methods:Data was collected through literature review and expert interviews,and the concept of drug accessibility was defined using the atomic diagram method.Results:The core images include"affordability","availability","high quality"and"patients".The concept of accessibility to novel anticancer drugs is defined as"the process of ensuring the sustainable supply,equitable access,affordability,and rational use of high-quality anticancer drugs to safeguard the realization of patient benefit goals."The connotation of the value orientation in policies on the accessibility of novel anticancer drugs is profoundly reflected in the multi-dimensional value-driven approach to ensure the ultimate benefit of patients,which includes quality,sustainability,equity,affordability,and rational use.Conclusion:The proposal of the concept and connotation of accessibility provides a theoretical basis for a deep understanding of the accessibility of novel anticancer drugs and offers valuable references for subsequent policy-making and practical operations.

Collaborative diagnosis and treatment between Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and Western Medicine,as an important measure for the modernization and innovation of TCM,faces great challenges such as inadequate medical resource supply and supply-demand imbalance in the context of high-quality development strategy.Supply-demand analysis and the input-output framework of modern economic theory were applied to systematically analyze the operational status of collaborative diagnosis and treatment of TCM and Western Medicine in China,and explore the intrinsic economic mechanism of its development.Furthermore,in line with the concept of the"Three Medical Synergistic Collaborations",it proposes policy recommendations from the dimension of medical care,medical insurance,and medicine.

Objective:It aims to conduct empirical exploration on the rules for determining the medical insurance payment standards for non-winning drugs with the same generic name in the national medical centralized volume-based procurement,and provided decision-making references for further determination of medical insurance payment standards.Methods:Taking the first three batches of non-winning drugs for centralized procurement as research objects,based on real-world data from medical institutions nationwide,using commonly used pricing methods such as the German reference pricing method and the volume-price weighting method,different calculation schemes are designed to calculate the medical insurance payment standards of the above research objects.Comparation is conducted on the measurement for the decrease in payment standards of highest price of non-winning drugs and the individual burden under the payment standard between different calculation methods.Results:The German reference pricing method has slightly lower medical insurance payment standards compared to the volume-price weighting method,resulting in slightly higher price reductions and personal burdens.The results of different volume-price weighting method calculation schemes are similar.Conclusion:It is recommended to adopt the volume-price weighting method to formulate the medical insurance payment standard for the national centralized procurement of non-winning drugs,the reduction is more reasonable and the patient's personal burden is lower,and it can be better connected with the existing policy to gradually form a unified payment standard with the common name and return to the bid-winning price.

Objective:Quantitatively analyzing the allocation of medical resources in China and providing theoretical basis and reference suggestions for relevant departments to optimize the allocation of medical resources.Methods:Based on the data of medical resources in China from 2007 to 2021,the weighted coefficient of variation model was used to statistically measure the medical resources allocation in China,and the influencing factors of the imbalance of medical resource allocation were explored by establishing an"input-output-benefit"structural equation model.Results:The imbalance index of China's medical resources allocation in terms of material,human and financial resources exceeded 0.4,and the imbalance of medical resource allocation between urban and rural areas was very prominent.The gap in material,human and financial input of medical resources had a significant impact on the gap in medical service output;and the gap in medical and health resource utilization efficiency had a significant impact on the gap in medical resource output,and the gap in medical service output had a significant impact on the gap in medical service benefits,and the gap in residents'preferences had a significant impact on the gap in medical service benefits.Conclusion:To optimize the allocation of medical resources among regions,medical institutions,and health demand entities under the Healthy China strategy,it is necessary to enable the development of medical services with digital intelligence,strengthen the construction of general practitioner talent team,deepen the tiered diagnosis and treatment system,optimize the medical insurance payment method,and improve the guarantee and supervision system.

Objective:To analyze the comprehensive efficiency of resource allocation in urban public hospitals in 21cities of Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2023,aiming at providing empirical evidence for future medical policy makers and hospital managers in resource allocation and management.Methods:Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist index to evaluate the efficiency of health resource allocation in public hospitals in Guangdong.Results:From 2019 to 2023,the comprehensive efficiency of urban public hospitals in Guangdong Province was mildly ineffective,only 7 cities showing relative effectiveness,and there were significant regional differences in efficiency.Malmquist index analysis showed that the total factor productivity of health resource allocation in urban public hospitals in the province decreased from 2019 to 2020 and kept increasing from 2020 to 2023,mainly due to the increasing of the technological progress index and the scale efficiency index.Horizontally,the total factor productivity of 9 cities in the province has increased,while the total factor productivity of 12 cities has decreased,with significant regional differences.The input-output redundancy analysis shows that only 6 cities have no input-output redundancy.Conclusion:The overall efficiency of resource allocation in urban public hospitals in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2023 is relatively low,with significant regional differences.In the future,it is necessary to coordinate and plan resource allocation,focus on refined management,strengthen talent training and technological improvement,improve the operational efficiency of existing resources,and promote high-quality development of hospitals.

Objective:To explore the spatiotemporal evolution and convergence trend of the level of health resource supply in the Yangtze River Delta Region,and to provide quantitative support for the formulation of health resource supply policies.Methods:Using Dagum Gini coefficient,kernel density estimation,Markov chain,and spatial β convergence model to analyze the regional differences,dynamic evolution,and convergence of health resource supply levels in the Yangtze River Delta.Results:From 2010 to 2022,the level of health resource supply in the Yangtze River Delta maintained an increasing trend,with overall differences,intra regional and inter regional differences all showing a narrowing trend.Inter regional differences contributed the most,and Anhui Province's development was relatively balanced.There is a weak polarization phenomenon in the Yangtze River Delta as a whole,and the balance in Zhejiang has improved in the later stage.The spatial factors significantly affect the dynamic evolution process of the supply level of health resources in the Yangtze River Delta,with obvious positive spillover effects,and the supply level has β convergence characteristics.Conclusion:It is needed to promote the comprehensive development of regional economy,accelerate the improvement of the supply level of health resources in underdeveloped areas,and narrow the gap.At the same time,it needs to enhance spatial interaction between regions and pay attention to the positive spillover effects in areas with higher supply levels.

Objective:To establish a health economics evaluation-based adjustment mechanism for the medical insurance fund package in compact county-level medical community.Methods:A health risk assessment system was designed,with weights determined using the Delphi method.Population health risks were evaluated via rapid assessment methods to calculate health risk scores for each county(city,district),which were then used to determine the medical insurance fund package adjustment amount.Results:The county-level health risk evaluation index system encompassed four dimensions:health risk influencing factor,health protection resource,population health risk,and health level.Through information collection and field surveys,health risk scores for counties(cities,districts)in a case prefecture-level city were obtained,serving as a tool for allocating medical consortium package adjustment funds.Conclusion:The health economics evaluation-based medical insurance fund adjustment mechanism enhances the equity of total medical insurance fund allocation,activates the incentive role of medical insurance in healthcare delivery,and transmits intervention pressure to reduce residents'health risks to public management departments at the county level.This approach realizes mutual benefits among medical insurance,residents,and healthcare providers.

As an important part of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics,health care plays a basic strategic support role in China's modernization drive.Deepening the reform of the medical and health system is an important part of comprehensively deepening the reform.Therefore,it is a new starting point to further deepen the reform to explore the Marx's theoretical logic of Chinese medical reform from the logic of"two combinations"and find the basis of Marx's theory and the ideological power of Chinese excellent traditional culture for the"big country medical reform".Under the guidance of the logical logic of the"two combinations",the theoretical system of Xi Jinping's important treatises on health work is built,contributing to further enrich and develop Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in a new era.

Objective:Based on the perspective of group analysis,it explores the influencing factors of provincial governments'response to the of dynamic adjustment policy of medical service prices.Subsequently,it dissects the differential driving mechanism of policy response,which in turn provides theoretical support for optimizing policy implementation.Methods:The length of policy response time in each province was set as the outcome variable.Five conditional variables were selected based on the triple roles of"state agent","economic agent"and"social agent"of local governments.Then,fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)was applied to conduct the group analysis.Results:The speed of local government policy response is the result of the joint action of multiple roles and influencing factors.The response paths were categorised as economist-led,social agent-led,and economic-social binary-led models.Conclusion:It is suggested that local governments should promote synergistic co-operation among local healthcare organizations while balancing economic benefits and social needs.The government should integrate multiple considerations for efficient policy implementation,while carrying out evaluation and measurement work.

Under the framework of the"four beams and eight pillars"for deepening medical reform,multi-dimensional breakthroughs have been attained in the governance of maternal and child health:Through the embedded coupling of the institutional framework,the cornerstone of maternal and child health services has been fortified;through the multi-dimensional linkage of the operational mechanism,the synergy efficacy among health services,health insurances and pharmaceuticals has been stimulated;through the dynamic adaptation of the supportive mechanism,the foundation for high-quality development has been consolidated.In response to the new challenges posed by the normalization of population development and the increasing demand for full-cycle health management,enhancing the quality and efficiency of maternal and child health governance necessitates a three-pronged approach:firstly,restructuring the system to strengthen the resilience of the maternal and child health service network;secondly,activating mechanisms to address critical bottlenecks in the synergy among health services,health insurances and pharmaceuticals;thirdly,integrating resources to unleash the multiplier effect driving high-quality development.