Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus is a Chinese medicinal material used for clearing heat， detoxicifying， resolving phlegm， and dissipating nodules. It is derived from Cremastra appendiculata， Pleione bulbocodioides， or Pleione yunnanensis， as recorded in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China， with the former known as Maocigu and the latter two known as Bingqiuzi. Current antitumor studies mainly focus on polysaccharides， water-extracted alcohol-precipitated fractions， and purified extracts of C. appendiculata. Structurally characterized glucomannans suppress breast and liver tumor xenografts and exhibit immunomodulatory effects. The water-extracted alcohol-precipitated fractions inhibit tumor angiogenesis in hepatoma-bearing mice. A purified C. appendiculata extract standardized to five phenanthrene and bibenzyl constituents induces mitochondrial apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Reported pharmacological effects involve cell-cycle regulation， apoptosis， epithelial-mesenchymal transition， angiogenesis， autophagy， and the tumor immune microenvironment， with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin （PI3K/Akt/mTOR）， Wnt/β-catenin， and Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （JAK2/STAT3） signaling pathways being the major mechanism links. Quality evaluation of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus has progressed from single-marker assays to an integrated approach involving botanical authentication， chromatographic fingerprinting， multicomponent analysis， and evaluation of associations between blood-absorbed constituents and antitumor effects. Militarine and dactylorhin A can be used for botanical identification and batch evaluation， and in vivo exposure data from related orchids are concentrated on militarine. Quantitative associations between these constituents and antitumor effects remain to be established. Clinical evidence mainly focuses on formula-based applications and expert experience. Comparative antitumor data in hepatoma models are available for the commercial specifications of Maocigu and Bingqiuzi， whereas parallel evaluations of pharmacological effects， safety windows， and drug interactions among the three official botanical origins remain insufficient. The major limitations are the incomplete standardization of botanical origins and preparations and the lack of quantitative links among quality markers， systemic exposure， antitumor effects， and toxicity endpoints， which constrain reproducible pharmacological evaluation and clinical translation of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus/Pleiones Pseudobulbus.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, not only leads to severe yield losses but also poses a threat to food safety due to the mycotoxins produced by the pathogen. Since this disease is preventable but not curable, the current control mainly relies on chemical fungicides, the long-term use of which may lead to pathogen resistance and environmental pollution. To develop green control methods, we screened 13 biocontrol strains from the rhizosphere soil of wheat, among which strain No. 12 (identified as Pythium aphanidermatum) showed significant antifungal effects. In the plate confrontation test, this strain reduced the colony diameter of the pathogen by 69.2% (1.47 mm vs. 4.78 mm in the control group), with an inhibition rate of 77% (P < 0.01). Microscopic observation revealed obvious deformations in the pathogen hyphae, suggesting a lysing effect. The coleoptile experiment further confirmed that the pre-treatment with this strain reduced the incidence rate to 0. These findings provide new candidate strains for the biocontrol of FHB and offer a scientific basis for reducing the use of chemical fungicides and promoting sustainable agricultural development.
Triticum/growth & development* ; Fusarium/growth & development* ; Plant Diseases/prevention & control* ; Soil Microbiology ; Pest Control, Biological/methods* ; Pythium/physiology* ; Biological Control Agents ; Rhizosphere ; Fungicides, Industrial

In laparoscopic and robot-assisted ultra-low sphincter-saving surgeries for rectal cancer, preserving sexual function, preventing anastomotic leakage, anastomotic stricture, and low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is critical to ensuring a good postoperative quality of life. The primary strategy for preventing postoperative sexual dysfunction is the meticulous preservation of the autonomic nerves, particularly the neurovascular bundles in the prostate area, guided by precise anatomical dissection. Partial preservation of the Denonvilliers fascia during total mesorectal excision (TME) not only helps protect the anterior mesorectum but also safeguards the neurovascular bundles. To prevent anastomotic leakage, it is essential to achieve clear oncologic margins, ensure a robust blood supply to both the proximal and distal margins, maintain a tension-free anastomosis, and avoid thermal or radiation injury whenever possible. In elderly patients with metabolic diseases, persistent descending mesocolon, or those undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, selective preservation of the left colic artery may be considered. Additionally, reinforcing the anastomosis with sutures at the 'dog-ear' site, closing the pelvic peritoneum, and placing a transanal tube for drainage are beneficial strategies. Early identification of anastomotic leakage and timely intervention to ensure drainage can prevent delayed leakage, strictures, and the structural sequelae of anastomotic failure. To minimize fecal dysfunction, selective exemption from radiotherapy may be beneficial for mid-to-high rectal cancer, while for low rectal cancer, reconstruction of J-pouch reservoirs, end-to-side anastomosis, and transverse coloplasty can help reduce the incidence of severe low anterior resection syndrome. Additionally, for low rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy, a selective rectum-preserving strategy that avoids major surgery can effectively prevent these complications.

Total pelvic exenteration (TPE) is widely regarded as the most effective intervention for the management of primary locally advanced rectal cancer and locally recurrent rectal cancer. However, TPE presents several challenges, including the potential for failing to achieve R0 resection, high incidence of complication, decreased postoperative quality of life, and the possible overtreatment in patients without carcinomatous adhesions or with only inflammatory adhesions, as well as in those who achieve pathological complete response after neoadjuvant therapy. In the context of precision medicine, further investigation is necessary to enhance the accuracy of preoperative diagnoses of extrarectal cancer invasion and to explore the comprehensive application of genetic molecular typing methods alongside innovative neoadjuvant treatment strategies. Such research should aim to enhance the R0 resection rate of TPE, minimize surgical complications and mortality, improve postoperative quality of life, and achieve an optimal balance between radical resection and the preservation of organ function.

Left hemicolectomy is predominantly utilized for the management of carcinomas located at the splenic flexure, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. The incidence of carcinomas at the splenic flexure and descending colon is comparatively low. With advancements in therapeutic modalities, there has been a progressive improvement in the prognosis of left colon cancer. Presently, the oncological outcomes following radical resection for non-metastatic left colon carcinoma are marginally superior to those observed in right colon carcinoma. The vascular supply to the splenic flexure is subject to variability, encompassing arteries originating from both the superior mesenteric artery and the inferior mesenteric artery systems. Its distinctive anatomical location and intricate lymphatic drainage have sparked debates regarding the appropriate extent of surgical resection. Recent research has demonstrated that adherence to the "10 cm" principle for left hemicolectomy is justified, and a minimal resection of the splenic flexure is adequate. The scope of lymph node dissection can be ascertained based on the positive rate of each lymph node station, with station 253 not necessitating dissection. However, when the accessory middle colic artery is present, it should be regarded as the primary vascular supply for D3 dissection. Furthermore, advancements in the study of fascial anatomy related to the left colon have yielded new perspectives in the surgical management of carcinoma at the splenic flexure left colon carcinoma. The extra-omental sac dissection, which is grounded in the principles of fascial anatomy, facilitates the safe and efficient mobilization of the splenic flexure colon.

Objective:To establish an automatic classification approach for bone marrow cells based on microscopic hyperspectral imaging and three-dimensional spectral convolutional neural network (Spec-CNN).Methods:The research type is establishment of methodology. The study included 306 newly diagnosed patients' bone marrow smears under Wright's staining from the Department of Hematology of the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from November 1st, 2013 to April 30th, 2024. The high-spectrum data and 4k image data of bone marrow cells were simultaneously collected using a microscopic hyperspectral-4k optical path integrated imaging system (with a spectral resolution of 400—1 000 nm). The high-spectrum data was used for model training, while the 4k image data recognized by morphologists was only used as a reference for labeling the high-spectrum data. The high-spectrum data set was divided into training set, validation set and test set in a ratio of 14∶6∶5. The training set and validation set were used to train and fine-tune the Spec-CNN model, and the test set was used to evaluate the model performance. The sensitivity, specificity ,accuracy ,and Kappa coefficient were calculated for comparing the manual annotation results as gold standard with the intelligent identification results of the Spec-CNN model. Five non-data set samples were used for external validation.Results:The acquired hyperspectral data and 4k imaging dataset comprised of 32 categories and 64 800 bone marrow cells. In the test set, the Spec-CNN model demonstrated weighted-average indicators on classification metrics across 32 cell types: sensitivity 87.79%, specificity 99.31%, and accuracy 98.78%, and Kappa coefficient 0.869. For external validation, the mean correct identification rate of bone marrow cells reached 83.28%.Conclusion:We successfully established an automatic classification method of bone marrow cells based on microscopic hyperspectral imaging and three-dimensional Spec-CNN. This method has a good automatic classification ability for 32 types of bone marrow nucleated cells, which has a certain auxiliary effect on improving the diagnosis efficiency of blood diseases for bone marrow morphologists.

This study explores the integration of party building and business development in public hospitals.Taking the"Receiving Complaints and Handling Them Immediately"mechanism of a hospital as a case study,it analyzes the intrinsic con-nection and mutual influence between party building and business integration.The study found that closely integrating party build-ing with hospital business not only helps improve overall operational efficiency and service quality but also promotes the sustained and healthy development of the hospital.This article proposes specific measures and suggestions to promote the integration of party building and business in public hospitals,including strengthening party building leadership,improving institutional guarantees,and innovating integration methods.These suggestions aim to provide useful references for public hospitals to achieve deep inte-gration of party building and business.

BACKGROUND: The effect of air pollution on annual change rates in grip strength and body composition in the elderly is unknown. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effects of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on change rates of grip strength and body composition in the elderly. METHODS: In the period 2016-2020, grip strength and body composition were assessed and measured 1-2 times per year in 395 elderly participants living in the Taipei basin. Exposure to ambient fine particulate matters (PM_2.5), nitric dioxide (NO₂), and ozone (O₃) from 2015 to 2019 was estimated using a hybrid Kriging/Land-use regression model. In addition, long-term exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) was estimated using an ordinary Kriging approach. Associations between air pollution exposures and annual changes in health outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS: An inter-quartile range (4.1 µg/m³) increase in long-term exposure to PM_2.5 was associated with a faster decline rate in grip strength (-0.16 kg per year) and skeletal muscle mass (-0.14 kg per year), but an increase in body fat mass (0.21 kg per year). The effect of PM_2.5 remained robust after adjustment for NO₂, O₃ and CO exposure. In subgroup analysis, the PM_2.5-related decline rate in grip strength was greater in participants with older age (>70 years) or higher protein intake, whereas in skeletal muscle mass, the decline rate was more pronounced in participants having a lower frequency of moderate or strenuous exercise. The PM_2.5-related increase rate in body fat mass was higher in participants having a lower frequency of strenuous exercise or soybean intake. CONCLUSIONS Among the elderly, long-term exposure to ambient PM_2.5 is associated with a faster decline in grip strength and skeletal muscle mass, and an increase in body fat mass. Susceptibility to PM_2.5 may be influenced by age, physical activity, and dietary protein intake; however, these modifying effects vary across different health outcomes, and further research is needed to clarify their mechanisms and consistency.
Humans ; Hand Strength ; Aged ; Male ; Female ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Taiwan ; Air Pollution/adverse effects* ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects* ; Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects* ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects* ; Ozone/adverse effects* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Adipose Tissue/drug effects* ; Body Composition/drug effects* ; Nitrogen Dioxide/adverse effects*

Objective: Patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis are assessed for coronary artery disease (CAD) prior to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with treatment implications. Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is the recommended modality but is associated with peri-procedural complications. Integrating machine learning (ML)-based computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) into existing TAVI-planning CT protocol may aid exclusion of significant CAD and thus avoiding ICA in selected patients. Materials and Methods: A single-center, retrospective study was conducted, 41 TAVI candidates with both TAVI-planning CT and ICA performed were analyzed. CT datasets were evaluated by a ML-based CT-FFR software. Beta-blocker and nitroglycerin were not administered in these patients. The primary outcome was to identify significant CAD. The diagnostic performance of CT-FFR was compared against ICA. Results: On per-patient level, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy were 89%, 94%, 80%, 97% and 93%, respectively. On per-vessel level, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy were 75%, 94%, 67%, 96% and 92%, respectively. The area under the receiver operative characteristics curve per individual coronary vessels yielded overall 0.90 (95% confidence interval 85%–95%). ICA may be avoided in up to 80% of patients if CT-FFR results were negative. Conclusion ML-based CT-FFR can provide accurate screening capabilities for significant CAD thus avoiding ICA. Its integration to existing TAVI-planning CT is feasible with the potential of improving the safety and efficiency of pre-TAVI CAD assessment.

Left hemicolectomy is predominantly utilized for the management of carcinomas located at the splenic flexure, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. The incidence of carcinomas at the splenic flexure and descending colon is comparatively low. With advancements in therapeutic modalities, there has been a progressive improvement in the prognosis of left colon cancer. Presently, the oncological outcomes following radical resection for non-metastatic left colon carcinoma are marginally superior to those observed in right colon carcinoma. The vascular supply to the splenic flexure is subject to variability, encompassing arteries originating from both the superior mesenteric artery and the inferior mesenteric artery systems. Its distinctive anatomical location and intricate lymphatic drainage have sparked debates regarding the appropriate extent of surgical resection. Recent research has demonstrated that adherence to the "10 cm" principle for left hemicolectomy is justified, and a minimal resection of the splenic flexure is adequate. The scope of lymph node dissection can be ascertained based on the positive rate of each lymph node station, with station 253 not necessitating dissection. However, when the accessory middle colic artery is present, it should be regarded as the primary vascular supply for D3 dissection. Furthermore, advancements in the study of fascial anatomy related to the left colon have yielded new perspectives in the surgical management of carcinoma at the splenic flexure left colon carcinoma. The extra-omental sac dissection, which is grounded in the principles of fascial anatomy, facilitates the safe and efficient mobilization of the splenic flexure colon.